环境：CentOS 6.5 64位

1、下载安装包 http://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.5.html#downloads

2、安装 MySQL

注意：安装包统一放到 /usr/local/src 目录下。

# 卸载老版本MySQL

rpm -e mysql

yum -y remove php-mysql

yum -y remove mysql-server mysql

# 禁用SeLinux

setenforce 0

# 安装依赖库

yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ kernel-devel ntp vim-enhanced flex bison autoconf make automake bzip2-devel ncurses-devel zlib-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel libXpm-devel gettext-devel pam-devel libtool libtool-ltdl openssl openssl-devel fontconfig-devel libxml2-devel curl-devel libicu libicu-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel libmhash libmhash-devel pcre-devel libtool-libs gd file patch mlocate diffutils readline-devel glibc-devel glib2-devel libcap-devel

yum install -y libaio

# 移动到安装目录

sudo mkdir /usr/local/mysql

cd /usr/local/src

tar -xzvf ./mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64.tar.gz

sudo mv ./mysql-5.5.49-linux2.6-x86_64/* /usr/local/mysql

# 新建用户

sudo groupadd mysql

sudo useradd -g mysql -s /usr/sbin/nologin mysql   #不让mysql用户直接登录

sudo chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

# 复制配置文件

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/my-medium.cnf  /etc/my.cnf

# 设置权限

chmod +x /usr/local/mysql

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

# 配置开机自动启动

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod +x /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld

chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on

chkconfig --list mysqld #查看是否已应用上

# 添加MySQL的软链接以适应init脚本

ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/sbin/mysql

ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin /usr/sbin/mysqladmin

ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/sbin/mysqldump

# 修改配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

# 在 [mysqld] 节点中添加

datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data

log-error = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log

pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid

user = mysql

tmpdir = /tmp

# 保存退出

# 初始化数据库

sudo /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --user=mysql

# 修改root密码

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456"

3、配置防火墙

# 配置防火墙，开启3306端口

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables

# 添加如下规则到22端口这条规则的下面即可

-A INPUT -m state --state NEW -m tcp -p tcp --dport 3306 -j ACCEPT

# 重启防火墙

/etc/init.d/iptables restart  # 或  service iptables restart

# 启动MySQL

service mysqld start  # 或 /etc/init.d/mysqld start

4、测试MySQL是否启动

# 查看是否有mysql进程

ps -ef | grep mysql

# 查看是否有mysql端口

netstat -ntlp | grep 3306

# 测试mysql,mysqladmin,mysqldump命令是否能正常使用

# 读取MySQL的版本信息

mysqladmin version

到此MySQL编译安装完成。