latex 自定义bst文件

latex 最强大功能之一就是方便的添加和管理参考文献。其参考文献的引用格式通过 .bst 文件进行定义的。通常向学术期刊投稿可以在官网上下载到对方要求的格式文件，但是想调整一些格式确十分困难。这里介绍通过 makebst.tex 文件自定义 .bst 格式文件，一劳永逸的解决这个问题。

安装 TeXLive 套装之后(CTeX 套装也可以)，在 \TeXLive\2016\texmf-dist\tex\latex\custom-bib 文件夹下可以找到 makebst.tex 文件，使用 TeXworks 编译该文件(WinEdt 也可以，重要的是有对话窗口，TeXStudio 貌似就不行，用 Sublime Text 搭建的 LaTeX 编译环境亲测不行)。会在消息窗口中跳出几十个问题，对参考文献的每一个问题都提供了选项和简单的说明，根据要求一一选择即可。

假设文件输出名为 mybib， 上述编译、作答完成后，得到一个名为 mybib.dbj 的文件。

随便一个窗口打开 mybib.dbj，你的所有选项包含在其中，可以在其中修改你的答案(有些答案是关联的，所以不确定是否可以安全的修改，如果新手的话还是建议再答题一遍吧)。(如何修改我还没来得及搞，占坑，有空再弄)

上述问题中最后一个问题选择 'yes' 即能编译出最后的 mybib.bst 文件。如果选了 'no' 或者修改 mybib.dbj 文件后再编译，可以在 DOS 窗口中使用命令 latex mybib.dbj 编译文件，也能得到 mybib.bst 文件。

在主文档导言区加入 \bibliographystyle{mybib} 就可以编译使用了。

这里参考网上的方法，贴出了选项日志，将每个问题按照我的理解进行了翻译，供参考。

This is XeTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-0.99996 (TeX Live 2016/W32TeX) (preloaded format=xelatex)

restricted \write18 enabled.

entering extended mode

(./makebst.tex

LaTeX2e <2017/01/01> patch level 3

Babel <3.9r> and hyphenation patterns for 83 language(s) loaded.

***********************************

* This is Make Bibliography Style *

***********************************

1. 对自定义的 .bst 格式文件添加一段描述

It makes up a docstrip batch job to produce

a customized .bst file for running with BibTeX

Do you want a description of the usage? (NO)

\yn=

2. 默认使用 merlin.mbs 来生成格式文件，正式它定义了有关的问题和格式，见《LaTeX入门》刘海洋

Enter the name of the MASTER file (default=merlin.mbs)

\mfile=

3. 输出 .bst 文件的名称

Name of the final OUTPUT .bst file? (default extension=bst)

\ofile=mybib

4. 输入一行注释，会出现在文件中

Give a comment line to include in the style file.

Something like for which journals it is applicable.

\ans=This is a comment line

5. 如果需要一段冗长的说明的话

Do you want verbose comments? (NO)

\yn=

(./merlin.mbs

<<< For more information about the meanings of

<<< the various options, see the section on

<<< Menu Information in the .mbs file documentation.

EXTERNAL FILES:

6. 不知道什么用，默认

Name of language definition file (default=merlin.mbs)

\cfile=

Name of language file: \cfile=.

7. 需要额外的杂志名称么？不知道什么用，默认

Include file(s) for extra journal names? (NO)

\yn=

No included files.

8. 内部语言支持，默认英语

INTERNAL LANGUAGE SUPPORT (if no external language file)

(*) English words used explicitly

(b) Babel (words replaced by commands defined in babelbst.tex)

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: English

9. 引用格式，一般选数字格式如：[1],[2]

STYLE OF CITATIONS:

(*) Numerical as in standard LaTeX

(a) Author-year with some non-standard interface

(b) Alpha style, Jon90 or JWB90 for single or multiple authors

(o) Alpha style, Jon90 even for multiple authors

(f) Alpha style, Jones90 (full name of first author)

(c) Cite key (special for listing contents of bib file)

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Numerical

10. HTML 输出？ 不知道什么用，默认

HTML OUTPUT (if non author-year citations)

(*) Normal LaTeX output

(h) Hypertext output, in HTML code, in paragraphs

(n) Hypertext list with sequence numbers

(k) Hypertext with keys for viewing databases

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Normal LaTeX

11. 语言区域。不知道什么用，默认

LANGUAGE FIELD

(*) No language field

(l) Add language field to switch hyphenation patterns temporarily

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: No language field

12. 附注(应该指参考文献中的附注，一般选择不显示)

ANNOTATIONS:

(*) No annotations will be recognized

(a) Annotations in annote field or in .tex file of citekey name

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: No annotations

13. 可能是选择是否显示报告类型，如 oral，poster 吧

PRESENTATIONS:

(*) Do not add presentation type for conference talks

(p) Add presentation, speaker not highlighted

(b) Presentation, speaker bold face

(i) Presentaion, speaker italic

(c) Presentaion, speaker in small caps

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Do not add presentation type

14. 参考文献排列格式，一般按引用次序，即 unsrt

ORDERING OF REFERENCES (if non-author/year and non-alph)

(*) Alphabetical by all authors

(c) Citation order (unsorted, like unsrt.bst)

(d) Year ordered and then by authors

(r) Reverse year ordered and then by authors

Select:

\ans=c

You have selected: Citation order

15. 不知道什么用，默认

ORDER ON VON PART (if not citation order)

(*) Sort on von part (de la Maire before Defoe)

(x) Sort without von part (de la Maire after Mahone)

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Sort on von part

16. 作者姓名格式

AUTHOR NAMES:

(*) Full, surname last (John Frederick Smith)

(f) Full, surname first (Smith, John Frederick)

(i) Initials + surname (J. F. Smith)

(r) Surname + initials (Smith, J. F.)

(s) Surname + dotless initials (Smith J F)

(w) Surname + comma + spaceless initials (Smith, J.F.)

(x) Surname + pure initials (Smith JF)

(y) Surname + comma + pure initials (Smith, JF)

(z) Surname + spaceless initials (Smith J.F.)

(a) Only first name reversed, initials (AGU style: Smith, J. F., H. K. Jones)

(b) First name reversed, with full names (Smith, John Fred, Harry Kab Jones)

Select:

\ans=w

You have selected: Surname + comma + spaceless initials

17. 作者姓名之间的标点符号，一般为 commas

PUNCTUATION BETWEEN AUTHOR NAMES:

(*) Author names separated by commas

(s) Names separated by semi-colon

(h) Names separated by slash /

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Author names separated by commas

18. 相邻参考文献中出现同样的名字，一般都全部显示

ADJACENT REFERENCES WITH REPEATED NAMES:

(*) Author/editor names always present

(d) Repeated author/editor names replaced by dash

(2) Repeated author/editor names replaced by 2 dashes

(3) Repeated author/editor names replaced by 3 dashes

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Author/editor names always present

19. 参考文献中的作者数量是否全部显示

NUMBER OF AUTHORS IN BIBLIOGRAPHY:

(*) All authors included in listing

(l) Limited authors (et al replaces missing names)

Select:

\ans=l

You have selected: Limited authors

20. 因为选了显示有限作者，因此这里问最大显示的作者数量

Maximum number of authors (1-99)

\num=3

You have selected maximum 3 authors

21. 最小作者数量，举个例子，比如有的期刊规定，文章作者大于 3 人的，显示前 2 个人名字 + et al.

则上面选 3，这里选 2，3 个人时全部显示，4 个人时显示前 2 个人 + et al.

Minimum number (before et al given) (1-3)

\num=2

You have selected minimum 2 authors

22. 引用中的作者格式

AUTHORS IN CITATIONS:

(*) One author et al for three or more authors

(m) Some other truncation scheme

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: One author et al

23. 参考文献中的作者字体

TYPEFACE FOR AUTHORS IN LIST OF REFERENCES:

(*) Normal font for author names

(s) Small caps authors (\sc)

(i) Italic authors (\it or \em)

(b) Bold authors (\bf)

(u) User defined author font (\bibnamefont)

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Normal font for author names

24. 日期位置

DATE POSITION:

(*) Date at end

(b) Date after authors

(j) Date part of journal spec. (as 1994;45:34-40) else at end

(e) Date at very end after any notes

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Date at end

25. 日期格式

DATE FORMAT (if non author-year citations)

(*) Plain month and year without any brackets

(p) Date in parentheses as (May 1993)

(b) Date in brackets as [May 1993]

(c) Date preceded by colon as `: May 1993'

(d) Date preceded by period as `. May 1993'

(m) Date preceded by comma as `, May 1993'

(s) Date preceded by space only, as ` May 1993'

Select:

\ans=p

You have selected: Date in parentheses

26. 是否显示月

SUPPRESS MONTH:

(*) Date is month and year

(x) Date is year only

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: Date is year only

27. 日期字体

DATE FONT:

(*) Date in normal font

(b) Date in bold face

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Date in normal font

28. 期刊名称格式

TITLE OF ARTICLE:

(*) Title plain with no special font

(i) Title italic (\em)

(q) Title and punctuation in single quotes (`Title,' ..)

(d) Title and punctuation in double quotes (``Title,'' ..)

(g) Title and punctuation in guillemets (<

> ..)

(x) Title in single quotes (`Title', ..)

(y) Title in double quotes (``Title'', ..)

(z) Title in guillemets (<

>, ..)

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Title plain

29. 期刊名称大写格式

CAPITALIZATION OF ARTICLE TITLE:

(*) Sentence style (capitalize first word and those in braces)

(t) Title style (just as in bib entry)

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Sentence style

30. 是否显示期刊名称

ARTICLE TITLE PRESENT:

(*) Article title present in journals and proceedings

(x) No article title

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Article title present

31. 期刊名称是否加“.”，这里可以配合 JabRef 使用，当 JabRef 中使用缩写时，这里应选择保留“.”

JOURNAL NAMES:

(*) Periods in journal names are retained, as `Phys. Rev.'

(x) Dotless journal names as `Phys Rev'

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Periods in journal names

32. 期刊字体

JOURNAL NAME FONT:

(*) Journal name italics

(r) Journal name normal font

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Journal name italics

33. 论文题目

THESIS TITLE:

(*) Thesis titles like books

(a) Thesis title like article

(x) No thesis title

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Thesis titles like books

34. 技术报告题目

TECHNICAL REPORT TITLE:

(*) Tech. report title like articles

(b) Tech. report title like books

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Tech. report title like articles

35. 技术报告编号字体

TECHNICAL REPORT NUMBER:

(*) Tech. report and number plain as `Tech. Rep. 123'

(i) Tech. report and number italic as `{\it Tech. Rep. 123'}

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Tech. report and number plain

36. 期刊卷字体

JOURNAL VOLUME:

(*) Volume plain as vol(num)

(i) Volume italic as {\em vol}(num)

(b) Volume bold as {\bf vol}(num)

(d) Volume and number bold as {\bf vol(num)}

Select:

\ans=b

You have selected: Volume bold

37. 期刊卷和好格式

JOURNAL VOL AND NUMBER:

(*) Journal vol(num) as 34(2)

(s) Journal vol (num) as 34 (2)

(c) Journal vol, num as 34, 2

(n) Journal vol, no. num as 34, no. 2

(h) Journal vol, \# number as 34, \#2

(b) Journal vol number as 34 2

(x) Journal vol, without number as 34

Select:

\ans=c

You have selected: Journal vol, num

38. 卷标点格式

VOLUME PUNCTUATION:

(*) Volume with colon as vol(num):ppp

(s) Volume with colon and space as vol(num): ppp

(h) Volume with semi-colon as vol(num); ppp

(c) Volume with comma as vol(num), ppp

(b) Volume with blank as vol(num) ppp

Select:

\ans=c

You have selected: Volume with comma

39. 年在引用文献中的位置，默认的是根据日期的位置确定，如果之前选择在最末，则就在最末

YEAR IN JOURNAL SPECIFICATION:

(*) Journal year like others as given by date position

(v) Journal vol(year) as 34(1995)

(s) Journal vol (year) as 34 (1995)

(p) Year with pages as 34(2), (1995) 1345--1387

(c) Year, comma, pages as 34(2), (1995), 1345--1387

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Journal year like others

40. 页码

PAGE NUMBERS:

(*) Start and stop page numbers given

(f) Only start page number

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Start and stop page numbers

41. 大页码情况

LARGE PAGE NUMBERS:

(*) No separators for large page numbers

(c) Comma inserted over 9999 as 11,234

(s) Thin space inserted over 9999 as 11 234

(p) Period inserted over 9999 as 11.234

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: No separators for large page numbers

42. 页码格式

WORD `PAGE' IN ARTICLES:

(*) Article pages numbers only as 234-256

(p) Include `page' in articles as pp. 234--256

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Article pages numbers only

43. 页码位置

POSITION OF PAGES:

(*) Pages given mid text as is normal

(e) Pages at end but before any notes

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Pages given mid text

44. 文章中卷的显示方式

WORD `VOLUME' IN ARTICLES:

(*) Article volume as number only as 21

(p) Include `volume' in articles as vol. 21

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Article volume as number only

45. 应该是 COLLECTIONS 类型中号和系列的格式

NUMBER AND SERIES FOR COLLECTIONS:

(*) Allows number without series and suppresses word "number"

(s) Standard BibTeX as: "number 123 in Total Works"; error if number and no ser

ies

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Allows number without series

46. 号和系列的位置

POSITION OF NUMBER AND SERIES:

(*) After chapter and pages as in standard BibTeX

(t) Just before publisher or organization

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: After chapter and pages

47. BOOKS/COLLECTIONS 类型中卷和系列的格式

VOLUME AND SERIES FOR BOOKS/COLLECTIONS:

(*) Vol. 23 of Series as in standard BibTeX

(s) Series, vol. 23

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Vol. 23 of Series

48. INCOLLECTIONS 类型中卷和系列的位置

POSITION OF VOLUME AND SERIES FOR INCOLLECTIONS:

(*) Series and volume after the editors

(e) Series and volume after booktitle and before editors

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Series and volume after the editors

49. 期刊名后的标点

JOURNAL NAME PUNCTUATION:

(*) Comma after journal name

(x) Space after journal name

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: Space after journal

50. 书名格式

BOOK TITLE:

(*) Book title italic (\em)

(p) Book title plain (no font command)

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Book title italic

51. BOOKS 类型中页码格式

PAGES IN BOOKS:

(*) Pages in book plain as pp. 50-55

(p) Pages in book in parentheses as (pp. 50-55)

(x) Pages in book bare as 50-55

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: Pages in book bare

52. 是否显示书的全部页码，当然一般不显示

TOTAL PAGES OF A BOOK:

(*) Total book pages not printed

(p) For book: 345 pages or pp.

(a) Total book pages before publisher

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Total book pages not printed

53. 出版社地址格式

PUBLISHER ADDRESS:

(*) Publisher, address as Harcourt, New York

(a) Address: Publisher as New York: Harcourt

Select:

\ans=a

You have selected: Address: Publisher

54. 出版社在圆括号中

PUBLISHER IN PARENTHESES:

(*) Publisher as normal block without parentheses

(p) Publisher in parentheses

(d) Publisher and date in parentheses (Oxford, 1994)

(c) Publisher and date in parentheses, no comma (Oxford 1994)

(f) Publisher and date without parentheses Oxford, 1994

(k) Publisher and date, no parentheses, no comma Oxford 1994

Select:

\ans=d

You have selected: Publisher and date in parentheses

55. 出版社在参考文献中的位置

PUBLISHER POSITION:

(*) Publisher after chapter, pages

(p) Publisher before chapter, pages

(e) Publisher after edition

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Publisher after chapter, pages

56. 是否显示 ISBN 号码

ISBN NUMBER:

(*) Include ISBN for books, booklets, etc.

(x) No ISBN

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: No ISBN

57. 是否显示 ISSN 号码

ISSN NUMBER:

(*) Include ISSN for periodicals

(x) No ISSN

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: No ISSN

58. DOI 格式

DOI NUMBER:

(*) Include DOI as "doi: number"

(u) Format DOI as URL //dx.doi.org/doi (must give url options!)

(a) Insert DOI AGU style as part of page number

(x) No DOI

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: No DOI

59. BOOKS 中 Editor 名字显示格式

`EDITOR' AFTER NAMES (EDITED BOOKS WITHOUT AUTHORS):

(*) Word `editor' after name

(a) `Name (editor),' in parentheses, after name, comma after

(b) `Name (Editor),' as above, editor upper case

(c) `Name, (editor)' in parentheses, after name, comma between

(d) `Name, (Editor)' as above, editor upper case

(e) `Name (editor)' in parentheses, after name, no commas

(f) `Name (Editor)' as above, editor upper case

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Word `editor' after name

60. COLLECTIONS 类型中 Editor 名字显示格式

EDITOR IN COLLECTIONS:

(*) Same as for edited book (names before booktitle)

(b) In booktitle, edited by .. (where .. is names)

(p) In booktitle (edited by ..)

(c) In booktitle, (edited by ..)

(e) In booktitle, editor ..

(f) In booktitle, (editor) ..

(k) In booktitle (editor..)

(g) In booktitle, (editor..)

(j) In booktitle, .., editor

(m) In booktitle (.., editor)

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Same as for edited book

61. 参考文献中不同块之间用什么符号隔开

PUNCTUATION BETWEEN SECTIONS (BLOCKS):

(*) \newblock after blocks (periods or new lines with openbib option)

(c) Comma between blocks

(s) Semi-colon between blocks

(b) Blanks between blocks

(t) Period after titles of articles, books, etc else commas

(u) Colon after titles of articles, books, etc else commas

(a) Period after titles of articles else commas

(d) Colon after titles of articles else commas

Select:

\ans=b

You have selected: Blanks between blocks

62. 注释之前的标点

PUNCTUATION BEFORE NOTES (if not using \newblock)

(*) Notes have regular punctuation like all other blocks

(p) Notes preceded by period

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Notes have regular punctuation

63. 作者之后的标点

PUNCTUATION AFTER AUTHORS:

(*) Author block normal with regular block punctuation

(c) Author block with colon

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Author block normal

64. `IN' 之后的标点，不知道什么用

PUNCTUATION AFTER `IN':

(*) Space after `in' for incollection or inproceedings

(c) Colon after `in' (as `In: ...')

(i) Italic `in' and space

(d) Italic `in' and colon

(x) No word `in' for edited works

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: No word `in'

65. 整个参考文献条目最后的标点

FINAL PUNCTUATION:

(*) Period at very end of the listed reference

(x) No period at end

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Period at very end

66. `PAGES' 的缩写，如果用到的话

ABBREVIATE WORD `PAGES' (if not using external language file)

(*) `Page(s)' (no abbreviation)

(a) `Page' abbreviated as p. or pp.

(x) `Page' omitted

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: `Page' omitted

67. 'EDITORS' 的缩写

ABBREVIATE WORD `EDITORS':

(*) `Editor(s)' (no abbreviation)

(a) `Editor' abbreviated as ed. or eds.

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: `Editor(s)'

68. 其他的缩写

OTHER ABBREVIATIONS:

(*) No abbreviations of volume, edition, chapter, etc

(a) Abbreviations of such words

Select:

\ans=a

You have selected: Abbreviations

69. `EDITION' 的缩写

ABBREVIATION FOR `EDITION' (if abbreviating words)

(*) `Edition' abbreviated as `edn'

(a) `Edition' abbreviated as `ed'

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: `Edition' abbreviated as `edn'

70. 月份是否加点

MONTHS WITH DOTS:

(*) Months with dots as Jan.

(x) Months without dots as Feb Mar

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Months with dots

71. 第几版格式

EDITION NUMBERS:

(*) Editions as in database saving much processing memory

(w) Write out editions as first, second, third, etc

(n) Numerical editions as 1st, 2nd, 3rd, etc

Select:

\ans=n

You have selected: Numerical editions

Reading external language file \cfile=

72. 期刊名称是否缩写，可以配合 JabRef 使用

STORED JOURNAL NAMES:

(*) Full journal names for prestored journals

(a) Abbreviated journal names

(s) Abbreviated with astronomy shorthands like ApJ and AJ

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Full journal names

73. `and' 的符号，如'&'

AMPERSAND:

(*) Use word `and' in author lists

(a) Use ampersand in place of `and'

(v) Use \BIBand in place of `and'

Select:

\ans=a

You have selected: Use ampersand

74. 最后一个 `and' 之前是否有逗号

COMMA BEFORE `AND':

(*) Comma before `and' as `Tom, Dick, and Harry'

(n) No comma before `and' as `Tom, Dick and Harry'

(c) Comma even with 2 authors as `Tom, and Harry'

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Comma before `and'

75. 是否使用 `and'

NO `AND' IN REFERENCE LIST:

(*) With `and' before last author in reference list

(x) No `and' as `Tom, Dick, Harry'

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: With `and'

76. `ET AL' 之前是否有逗号

COMMA BEFORE `ET AL':

(*) Comma before `et al' in reference list

(x) No comma before `et al'

Select:

\ans=x

You have selected: No comma before `et al'

77. `ET AL' 字体

FONT OF `ET AL':

(*) Plain et al

(i) Italic et al

(r) Roman et al even when authors something else

Select:

\ans=i

You have selected: Italic et al

78. 不知道什么用，默认

ADDITIONAL REVTeX DATA FIELDS:

(*) No additional fields for REVTeX

(r) Include REVTeX data fields collaboration, eid, eprint, archive, numpages, u

rl

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: No additional fields

79. 不知道什么用，默认

E-PRINT DATA FIELD: (without REVTeX fields)

(*) Do not include eprint field

(e) Include eprint and archive fields for electronic publications

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Do not include eprint field

80. 参考文献中是否显示 URL

URL ADDRESS: (without REVTeX fields)

(*) No URL for electronic (Internet) documents

(u) Include URL as regular item block

(n) URL as note

(l) URL on new line after rest of reference

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: No URL

81. 不知道什么用，默认

REFERENCE COMPONENT TAGS:

(*) No reference component tags in the \bibitem entries

(b) Reference component tags like \bibinfo in the content of \bibitem

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: No reference component tags

82. 强调的格式(就是采用哪种方法生成 italics)

EMPHASIS: (affects all so-called italics)

(*) Use emphasis ie, \em, allows font switching

(i) Use true italics ie, \it, absolute italics

(x) No italics at all

(u) Underlining in place of italics, best with ulem package

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Use emphasis

83. 兼容性问题

COMPATIBILITY WITH PLAIN TEX:

(*) Use LaTeX commands which may not work with Plain TeX

(t) Use only Plain TeX commands for fonts and testing

Select:

\ans=

You have selected: Use LaTeX commands

)

Finished!!

Batch job written to file `mybib.dbj'

Shall I now run this batch job? (NO)

\yn=

参考资料：