我的实验环境：

- 源数据库A机：
RHEL6.4 + Oracle 11.2.0.4
IP地址：192.168.99.159
db_name=oradb 数据库已正常运行- 复制数据库B机：
RHEL6.4 + Oracle 11.2.0.4
IP地址：192.168.99.191
db_name=testdb 仅安装了数据库软件

• 1.为复制数据库做准备
• 2.启动辅助实例到nomount模式
• 3.启动源数据库到mount或open
• 4.运行RMAN DUPLICATE命令
• 5.打开辅助实例

1.为复制数据库做准备

登录到B机，

1.1 配置环境变量

ORACLE_SID=testdb
ORACLE_BASE=按实际配置
ORACLE_HOME=按实际配置
PATH=按实际配置

1.2 创建密码文件

orapwd file=$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapw$ORACLE_SID password=oracle entries=20

1.3 创建初始化参数文件

vi init$ORACLE_SID.ora

db_name=testdb
compatible='11.2.0.4.0'
db_create_file_dest='/u01/oradata2'

注意：
CONTROL_FILES参数，如果未使用OMF，则需要指定。我这里使用OMF。指定 db_create_file_dest即可。
DB_BLOCK_SIZE参数，大小必须与源库一致，如果源库设置，则也需要指定。我这里不需要。

1.4 监听网络配置

因为后续辅助实例启动到nomount模式远程连接，需要配置静态监听。

cd $ORACLE_HOME/network/admin

配置监听listener.ora

sid_list_listener =(sid_list =(sid_desc =(global_dbname=testdb)(sid_name=testdb)(oracle_home=/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1)))

配置tnsnames.ora

A =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.99.159)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = oradb)))B =(DESCRIPTION =(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.99.191)(PORT = 1521))(CONNECT_DATA =(SERVER = DEDICATED)(SERVICE_NAME = testdb)))

2.启动辅助实例到nomount模式

登录到B机，

SQL> startup nomount

测试连接：sqlplus sys/oracle@B as sysdba

$ sqlplus sys/oracle@B as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Nov 5 14:33:45 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing optionsSQL> 

3.启动源数据库到mount或open

登录到A机，

SQL> startup SQL> select status, instance_name from v$instance;STATUS       INSTANCE_NAME
------------ ----------------
OPEN         oradbSQL> select dbid, open_mode from v$database;DBID OPEN_MODE
---------- --------------------
2647366668 READ WRITE

4.运行RMAN DUPLICATE命令

登录到A机：

$ rman target sys/oracle@A auxiliary sys/oracle@B
RMAN> duplicate target database to testdb from active database;

具体过程如下：

[oracle@JY-DB01 admin]$ rman target sys/oracle@A auxiliary sys/oracle@BRecovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production on Thu Nov 5 15:44:57 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates.  All rights reserved.connected to target database: ORADB (DBID=2647366668)
connected to auxiliary database: TESTDB (not mounted)RMAN> duplicate target database to testdb from active database;Starting Duplicate Db at 2015-11-05 15:46:44
using target database control file instead of recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=1 device type=DISKcontents of Memory Script:
{sql clone "create spfile from memory";
}
executing Memory Scriptsql statement: create spfile from memorycontents of Memory Script:
{shutdown clone immediate;startup clone nomount;
}
executing Memory ScriptOracle instance shut downconnected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area     238034944 bytesFixed Size                     2252016 bytes
Variable Size                180355856 bytes
Database Buffers              50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                   5095424 bytescontents of Memory Script:
{sql clone "alter system set  control_files = ''/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/controlfile/o1_mf_c3p2gqj2_.ctl'' comment=''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfile";sql clone "alter system set  db_name = ''ORADB'' comment=''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";sql clone "alter system set  db_unique_name = ''TESTDB'' comment=''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfile";shutdown clone immediate;startup clone force nomountbackup as copy current controlfile auxiliary format  '/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/controlfile/o1_mf_c3p2gqjc_.ctl';sql clone "alter system set  control_files = ''/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/controlfile/o1_mf_c3p2gqjc_.ctl'' comment=''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfile";shutdown clone immediate;startup clone nomount;alter clone database mount;
}
executing Memory Scriptsql statement: alter system set  control_files =   ''/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/controlfile/o1_mf_c3p2gqj2_.ctl'' comment= ''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfilesql statement: alter system set  db_name =  ''ORADB'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfilesql statement: alter system set  db_unique_name =  ''TESTDB'' comment= ''Modified by RMAN duplicate'' scope=spfileOracle instance shut downOracle instance startedTotal System Global Area     238034944 bytesFixed Size                     2252016 bytes
Variable Size                180355856 bytes
Database Buffers              50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                   5095424 bytesStarting backup at 2015-11-05 15:47:29
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=46 device type=DISK
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
copying current control file
output file name=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/snapcf_oradb.f tag=TAG20151105T154729 RECID=27 STAMP=894988050
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2015-11-05 15:47:31sql statement: alter system set  control_files =   ''/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/controlfile/o1_mf_c3p2gqjc_.ctl'' comment= ''Set by RMAN'' scope=spfileOracle instance shut downconnected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area     238034944 bytesFixed Size                     2252016 bytes
Variable Size                180355856 bytes
Database Buffers              50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                   5095424 bytesdatabase mountedcontents of Memory Script:
{set newname for clone datafile  1 to new;set newname for clone datafile  2 to new;set newname for clone datafile  3 to new;set newname for clone datafile  4 to new;backup as copy reusedatafile  1 auxiliary format newdatafile  2 auxiliary format newdatafile  3 auxiliary format newdatafile  4 auxiliary format new;sql 'alter system archive log current';
}
executing Memory Scriptexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEexecuting command: SET NEWNAMEStarting backup at 2015-11-05 15:47:57
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00001 name=/u01/oradata/ORADB/datafile/o1_mf_system_c2v0xxm5_.dbf
output file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_4uqlgrpe_.dbf tag=TAG20151105T154757
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:25
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00002 name=/u01/oradata/ORADB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_c2v0xxp1_.dbf
output file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_4vqlgrq7_.dbf tag=TAG20151105T154757
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:15
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00003 name=/u01/oradata/ORADB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_c2v0xxpb_.dbf
output file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_50qlgrqm_.dbf tag=TAG20151105T154757
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:03
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile copy
input datafile file number=00004 name=/u01/oradata/ORADB/datafile/users01.dbf
output file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_51qlgrqp_.dbf tag=TAG20151105T154757
channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2015-11-05 15:48:43sql statement: alter system archive log currentcontents of Memory Script:
{backup as copy reusearchivelog like  "/u01/oradb_arch1/1_146_894101903.dbf" auxiliary format "/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_146_894101903.dbf"   ;catalog clone archivelog  "/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_146_894101903.dbf";switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory ScriptStarting backup at 2015-11-05 15:48:44
using channel ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: starting archived log copy
input archived log thread=1 sequence=146 RECID=252 STAMP=894988123
output file name=/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_146_894101903.dbf RECID=0 STAMP=0
channel ORA_DISK_1: archived log copy complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01
Finished backup at 2015-11-05 15:48:45cataloged archived log
archived log file name=/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_146_894101903.dbf RECID=252 STAMP=894988217datafile 1 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=27 STAMP=894988217 file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_4uqlgrpe_.dbf
datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=28 STAMP=894988217 file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_4vqlgrq7_.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=29 STAMP=894988217 file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_50qlgrqm_.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=30 STAMP=894988217 file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_51qlgrqp_.dbfcontents of Memory Script:
{set until scn  2237265;recoverclone databasedelete archivelog;
}
executing Memory Scriptexecuting command: SET until clauseStarting recover at 2015-11-05 15:48:46
allocated channel: ORA_AUX_DISK_1
channel ORA_AUX_DISK_1: SID=24 device type=DISKstarting media recoveryarchived log for thread 1 with sequence 146 is already on disk as file /opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_146_894101903.dbf
archived log file name=/opt/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/dbs/arch1_146_894101903.dbf thread=1 sequence=146
media recovery complete, elapsed time: 00:00:00
Finished recover at 2015-11-05 15:48:49
Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area     238034944 bytesFixed Size                     2252016 bytes
Variable Size                180355856 bytes
Database Buffers              50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                   5095424 bytescontents of Memory Script:
{sql clone "alter system set  db_name = ''TESTDB'' comment=''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfile";sql clone "alter system reset  db_unique_name scope=spfile";shutdown clone immediate;startup clone nomount;
}
executing Memory Scriptsql statement: alter system set  db_name =  ''TESTDB'' comment= ''Reset to original value by RMAN'' scope=spfilesql statement: alter system reset  db_unique_name scope=spfileOracle instance shut downconnected to auxiliary database (not started)
Oracle instance startedTotal System Global Area     238034944 bytesFixed Size                     2252016 bytes
Variable Size                180355856 bytes
Database Buffers              50331648 bytes
Redo Buffers                   5095424 bytes
sql statement: CREATE CONTROLFILE REUSE SET DATABASE "TESTDB" RESETLOGS ARCHIVELOG MAXLOGFILES     16MAXLOGMEMBERS      3MAXDATAFILES      100MAXINSTANCES     8MAXLOGHISTORY      292LOGFILEGROUP   1  SIZE 50 M ,GROUP   2  SIZE 50 M ,GROUP   3  SIZE 50 M DATAFILE'/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_system_4uqlgrpe_.dbf'CHARACTER SET ZHS16GBKcontents of Memory Script:
{set newname for clone tempfile  1 to new;switch clone tempfile all;catalog clone datafilecopy  "/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_4vqlgrq7_.dbf", "/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_50qlgrqm_.dbf", "/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_51qlgrqp_.dbf";switch clone datafile all;
}
executing Memory Scriptexecuting command: SET NEWNAMErenamed tempfile 1 to /u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_temp_%u_.tmp in control filecataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_4vqlgrq7_.dbf RECID=1 STAMP=894988259
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_50qlgrqm_.dbf RECID=2 STAMP=894988259
cataloged datafile copy
datafile copy file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_51qlgrqp_.dbf RECID=3 STAMP=894988259datafile 2 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=1 STAMP=894988259 file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_4vqlgrq7_.dbf
datafile 3 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=2 STAMP=894988259 file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_50qlgrqm_.dbf
datafile 4 switched to datafile copy
input datafile copy RECID=3 STAMP=894988259 file name=/u01/oradata2/TESTDB/datafile/o1_mf_users_51qlgrqp_.dbf
Reenabling controlfile options for auxiliary database
Executing: alter database enable block change trackingcontents of Memory Script:
{Alter clone database open resetlogs;
}
executing Memory Scriptdatabase opened
Finished Duplicate Db at 2015-11-05 15:49:38RMAN> 

5.打开辅助实例

登录到B机，

$ sqlplus / as sysdbaSQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu Nov 5 16:06:29 2015Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.Connected to:
Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining
and Real Application Testing optionsSQL>  select status, instance_name from v$instance;STATUS       INSTANCE_NAME
------------ ----------------
OPEN         testdbSQL> select dbid, open_mode from v$database;DBID OPEN_MODE
---------- --------------------
2678316385 READ WRITE

至此，成功duplicate数据库TESTDB。可以发现使用RMAN DUPLICATE复制的数据库DBID是不同的。