SpringBoot08：Shiro

什么是Shiro？

一个Java的安全（权限）框架，可以完成认证、授权、加密、会话管理、Web集成、缓存等

下载地址：Apache Shiro | Simple. Java. Security.

快速启动

先在官网找到入门案例：shiro/samples/quickstart at main · apache/shiro · GitHub

步骤：

1、新建一个 Maven 工程，删除其 src 目录，将其作为父工程

2、在父工程中新建一个 Maven 模块

3、在maven模块中，复制依赖

    <dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-core</artifactId><version>1.4.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId><version>1.7.24</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>1.7.21</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.17</version></dependency></dependencies>

4、复制 log4j.properties

log4j.rootLogger=INFO, stdoutlog4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d %p [%c] - %m %n# General Apache libraries
log4j.logger.org.apache=WARN# Spring
log4j.logger.org.springframework=WARN# Default Shiro logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro=INFO# Disable verbose logging
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.util.ThreadContext=WARN
log4j.logger.org.apache.shiro.cache.ehcache.EhCache=WARN

5、复制 shiro.ini（要先在 IDEA中添加 ini 插件）

[users]
# user 'root' with password 'secret' and the 'admin' role
root = secret, admin
# user 'guest' with the password 'guest' and the 'guest' role
guest = guest, guest
# user 'presidentskroob' with password '12345' ("That's the same combination on
# my luggage!!!" ;)), and role 'president'
presidentskroob = 12345, president
# user 'darkhelmet' with password 'ludicrousspeed' and roles 'darklord' and 'schwartz'
darkhelmet = ludicrousspeed, darklord, schwartz
# user 'lonestarr' with password 'vespa' and roles 'goodguy' and 'schwartz'
lonestarr = vespa, goodguy, schwartz# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Roles with assigned permissions
#
# Each line conforms to the format defined in the
# org.apache.shiro.realm.text.TextConfigurationRealm#setRoleDefinitions JavaDoc
# -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
[roles]
# 'admin' role has all permissions, indicated by the wildcard '*'
admin = *
# The 'schwartz' role can do anything (*) with any lightsaber:
schwartz = lightsaber:*
# The 'goodguy' role is allowed to 'drive' (action) the winnebago (type) with
# license plate 'eagle5' (instance specific id)
goodguy = winnebago:drive:eagle5

6、复制 Quickstart

import org.apache.shiro.SecurityUtils;
import org.apache.shiro.authc.*;
import org.apache.shiro.config.IniSecurityManagerFactory;
import org.apache.shiro.mgt.DefaultSecurityManager;
import org.apache.shiro.realm.text.IniRealm;
import org.apache.shiro.session.Session;
import org.apache.shiro.subject.Subject;
import org.apache.shiro.util.Factory;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;/*** @ClassName Quickstart* @Description TODO* @Author GuoSheng* @Date 2021/4/20  17:28* @Version 1.0**/
public class Quickstart {private static final transient Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(Quickstart.class);public static void main(String[] args) {// The easiest way to create a Shiro SecurityManager with configured// realms, users, roles and permissions is to use the simple INI config.// We'll do that by using a factory that can ingest a .ini file and// return a SecurityManager instance:// Use the shiro.ini file at the root of the classpath// (file: and url: prefixes load from files and urls respectively):DefaultSecurityManager defaultSecurityManager=new DefaultSecurityManager();IniRealm iniRealm=new IniRealm("classpath:shiro.ini");defaultSecurityManager.setRealm(iniRealm);// for this simple example quickstart, make the SecurityManager// accessible as a JVM singleton.  Most applications wouldn't do this// and instead rely on their container configuration or web.xml for// webapps.  That is outside the scope of this simple quickstart, so// we'll just do the bare minimum so you can continue to get a feel// for things.SecurityUtils.setSecurityManager(defaultSecurityManager);// Now that a simple Shiro environment is set up, let's see what you can do:// get the currently executing user:Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();// Do some stuff with a Session (no need for a web or EJB container!!!)Session session = currentUser.getSession();session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");if (value.equals("aValue")) {log.info("Retrieved the correct value! [" + value + "]");}// let's login the current user so we can check against roles and permissions:if (!currentUser.isAuthenticated()) {UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken("lonestarr", "vespa");token.setRememberMe(true);try {currentUser.login(token);} catch (UnknownAccountException uae) {log.info("There is no user with username of " + token.getPrincipal());} catch (IncorrectCredentialsException ice) {log.info("Password for account " + token.getPrincipal() + " was incorrect!");} catch (LockedAccountException lae) {log.info("The account for username " + token.getPrincipal() + " is locked.  " +"Please contact your administrator to unlock it.");}// ... catch more exceptions here (maybe custom ones specific to your application?catch (AuthenticationException ae) {//unexpected condition?  error?}}//say who they are://print their identifying principal (in this case, a username):log.info("User [" + currentUser.getPrincipal() + "] logged in successfully.");//test a role:if (currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")) {log.info("May the Schwartz be with you!");} else {log.info("Hello, mere mortal.");}//test a typed permission (not instance-level)if (currentUser.isPermitted("lightsaber:wield")) {log.info("You may use a lightsaber ring.  Use it wisely.");} else {log.info("Sorry, lightsaber rings are for schwartz masters only.");}//a (very powerful) Instance Level permission:if (currentUser.isPermitted("winnebago:drive:eagle5")) {log.info("You are permitted to 'drive' the winnebago with license plate (id) 'eagle5'.  " +"Here are the keys - have fun!");} else {log.info("Sorry, you aren't allowed to drive the 'eagle5' winnebago!");}//all done - log out!currentUser.logout();System.exit(0);}
}

7、运行结果

Shiro的Subject分析

Quickstart 中的一些方法：

1、获取当前用户

Subject currentUser = SecurityUtils.getSubject();

2、通过当前用户拿到 Session

Session session = currentUser.getSession();

3、用session存值取值

        session.setAttribute("someKey", "aValue");String value = (String) session.getAttribute("someKey");

4、判断是否被认证

currentUser.isAuthenticated()

5、执行登录操作

currentUser.login(token);

6、打印其标识主体

 currentUser.getPrincipal()

7、判断当前用户是否有某个角色

currentUser.hasRole("schwartz")

8、注销

 currentUser.logout();

SpringBoot整合Shiro环境搭建

步骤：

1、导入shiro的整合依赖

        <!--shiro整合spring--><dependency><groupId>org.apache.shiro</groupId><artifactId>shiro-spring</artifactId><version>1.4.1</version></dependency>

2、在config包下，编写Shiro的配置类

①自定义 Realm 类

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {//授权@Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {System.out.println("执行了shiro的授权方法");return null;}//认证@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken authenticationToken) throws AuthenticationException {System.out.println("执行了shiro的认证方法");return null;}
}

②自定义 ShiroConfig


public class ShiroConfig {//ShiroFilterFactoryBean@Beanpublic ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Autowired DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();//设置安全管理器bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);return bean;}//DefaultWebSecurityManager@Beanpublic DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Autowired UserRealm userRealm){DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();//关联 UserRealmsecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);return securityManager;}//创建Realm对象，需要自定义类@Beanpublic UserRealm userRealm(){return new UserRealm();}
}

Shiro实现登录拦截

功能：必须认证了才能访问add和update页面，没有认证直接跳到登录页面

步骤：

1、编写前端页面

①编写首页

<h1>首页</h1>

②编写测试页

（登录首页的时候，通过controller跳到测试页，测试页包含可以跳到add和update页面的超链接）

<h1>测试页</h1>
<p th:text="${msg}"></p><a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a><a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>

③add页面

<h1>add</h1>
增加一个用户

④update页面

<h1>update</h1>
修改一个用户

⑤登录页

<h1>登录</h1>
<form action="toLogin">用户名：<input type="text" name="username"> <br>密码： <input type="password" name="password"> <br><button type="submit">提交</button>
</form>

2、编写Controller

@Controller
public class MyController {@RequestMapping({"/","/index","/index.html"})public String toIndex(Model model){model.addAttribute("msg","hello,Shiro");return "test";}@RequestMapping("/user/add")public String add(){return "user/add";}@RequestMapping("/user/update")public String update(){return "user/update";}@RequestMapping("/toLogin")public String toLogin(){return "login";}
}

3、shiro配置登录拦截

@Configuration
public class ShiroConfig {//ShiroFilterFactoryBean@Beanpublic ShiroFilterFactoryBean getShiroFilterFactoryBean(@Autowired DefaultWebSecurityManager defaultWebSecurityManager){ShiroFilterFactoryBean bean = new ShiroFilterFactoryBean();//设置安全管理器bean.setSecurityManager(defaultWebSecurityManager);//添加shiro的内置过滤器/*anon：无需认证就可以访问authc：必须认证了才能访问user：必须拥有 记住我 功能才能访问perms：拥有某个权限才能访问role：拥有某个角色才能访问*/Map<String, String> filterMap = new LinkedHashMap<>();filterMap.put("/user/add", "authc");filterMap.put("/user/update", "authc");bean.setFilterChainDefinitionMap(filterMap);//设置登录的请求bean.setLoginUrl("/toLogin");return bean;}//DefaultWebSecurityManager@Beanpublic DefaultWebSecurityManager getDefaultWebSecurityManager(@Autowired UserRealm userRealm){DefaultWebSecurityManager securityManager = new DefaultWebSecurityManager();//关联 UserRealmsecurityManager.setRealm(userRealm);return securityManager;}//创建Realm对象，需要自定义类@Beanpublic UserRealm userRealm(){return new UserRealm();}
}

Shiro实现用户认证

步骤：

1、在 UserRealm中，编写认证方法

    //认证@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {System.out.println("执行了shiro的认证方法");//用户名、密码（要从数据库中获取）String name = "root";String password = "123456";UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken)token;if(!userToken.getUsername().equals(name)){   //如果userToken中的username和数据库中取出来的name不一样return null;    //抛出异常 UnknownAccountException}//密码认证，shiro做return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",password,"");}

2、在controller中封装用户数据

    @RequestMapping("/login")public String login(String username, String password, Model model){//获取当前用户Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();//封装用户的登录数据UsernamePasswordToken token = new UsernamePasswordToken(username, password);try{subject.login(token);   //执行登录方法，如果没有异常说明就ok了return "index";}catch (UnknownAccountException e){ //用户名不存在model.addAttribute("msg","用户名错误");return "login";}catch (IncorrectCredentialsException e){   //密码不存在model.addAttribute("msg","密码错误");return "login";}}

步骤解析：

Shiro整合MyBatis

步骤：

1、导入依赖

        <dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>8.0.26</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>druid</artifactId><version>1.1.18</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>log4j</groupId><artifactId>log4j</artifactId><version>1.2.17</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.2.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId><version>1.18.24</version></dependency>

2、编写application.yaml和application.properties配置文件

①application.yaml

spring:datasource:username: rootpassword: 123456url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=UTCdriver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Drivertype: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource#Spring Boot 默认是不注入这些属性值的，需要自己绑定#druid 数据源专有配置initialSize: 5minIdle: 5maxActive: 20maxWait: 60000timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis: 60000minEvictableIdleTimeMillis: 300000validationQuery: SELECT 1 FROM DUALtestWhileIdle: truetestOnBorrow: falsetestOnReturn: falsepoolPreparedStatements: true#配置监控统计拦截的filters，stat:监控统计、log4j：日志记录、wall：防御sql注入#如果允许时报错  java.lang.ClassNotFoundException: org.apache.log4j.Priority#则导入 log4j 依赖即可，Maven 地址：https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/log4j/log4jfilters: stat,wall,log4jmaxPoolPreparedStatementPerConnectionSize: 20useGlobalDataSourceStat: trueconnectionProperties: druid.stat.mergeSql=true;druid.stat.slowSqlMillis=500

②application.properties

mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.pojo
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml

3、编写实体类

@Data
@AllArgsConstructor
@NoArgsConstructor
public class User implements Serializable {private int id;private String name;private String pwd;
}

4、编写mapper层

①UserMapper接口

@Repository
@Mapper
public interface UserMapper {//根据用户名查用户信息public User queryUserByName(String name);
}

②UserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapperPUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN""https://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.mapper.UserMapper"><select id="queryUserByName" parameterType="String" resultType="User">select * from mybatis.user where name = #{name};</select>
</mapper>

5、编写service层

①UserService接口

public interface UserService{public User queryUserByName(String name);
}

②UserServiceImpl

@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements UserService{@AutowiredUserMapper userMapper;@Overridepublic User queryUserByName(String name) {return userMapper.queryUserByName(name);}
}

6、把之前在UserRealm中直接写的name和password，改成从数据库中查出来的

public class UserRealm extends AuthorizingRealm {@AutowiredUserServiceImpl userService;//授权@Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {System.out.println("执行了shiro的授权方法");return null;}//认证@Overrideprotected AuthenticationInfo doGetAuthenticationInfo(AuthenticationToken token) throws AuthenticationException {System.out.println("执行了shiro的认证方法");UsernamePasswordToken userToken = (UsernamePasswordToken)token;//连接真实的数据库User user = userService.queryUserByName(userToken.getUsername());//如果user为空，说明用户不存在if(user == null){return null; //抛异常 UnknownAccountException}//密码认证，shiro做return new SimpleAuthenticationInfo("",user.getPwd(),"");}
}

Shiro请求授权实现

1、在ShiroConfig中设置访问哪些路径，需要哪些权限，并配置未授权页面

        filterMap.put("/user/add","perms[user:add]");   //拥有 user:add 权限才能访问/user/addfilterMap.put("/user/update","perms[user:update]");

      bean.setUnauthorizedUrl("/noauth");

2、在UserRealm中给当前用户授权，其中权限是从数据库中查出来的

    @Overrideprotected AuthorizationInfo doGetAuthorizationInfo(PrincipalCollection principalCollection) {System.out.println("执行了shiro的授权方法");SimpleAuthorizationInfo info = new SimpleAuthorizationInfo();//拿到当前登录的这个对象Subject subject = SecurityUtils.getSubject();User currentUser  = (User)subject.getPrincipal();   //拿到user对象info.addStringPermission(currentUser.getPerms());return info;}

3、在controller中设置未授权url处理

    @RequestMapping("/noauth")@ResponseBodypublic String unauthorized(){return "未经授权，无法访问此页面";}

Shiro整合Thymeleaf

1、导入依赖

        <!--shiro-thymeleaf整合--><dependency><groupId>com.github.theborakompanioni</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-shiro</artifactId><version>2.0.0</version></dependency>

2、在shiroConfig中整合thymeleaf

    //ShiroDialect：用来整合 shiro thymeleaf@Beanpublic ShiroDialect getShiroDialect(){return new ShiroDialect();}

3、更改前端页面

①在test页面编写一个登录连接

<p><a th:href="@{/toLogin}">登录</a>
</p>

②在首页设置add和update链接，拥有对应权限才可以访问

shiro命名空间：

xmlns:shiro="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-shiro"

链接：

<div shiro:hasPermission="user:add"><a th:href="@{/user/add}">add</a>
</div><div shiro:hasPermission="user:update"><a th:href="@{/user/update}">update</a>
</div>

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