使用钉钉机器人实现运维告警信息自动发送（Python、Nagios、Shell）

一、钉钉机器人配置

1、设置钉钉机器人报警
详见阿里云官方文档 https://help.aliyun.com/document_detail/106247.html?spm=5176.2020520101.0.0.57824df5GNP6Jn

重点：获取生成的webhook机器人地址
https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=8b21a85c6d22d25dca5bbee5a207bc31e93022d4f68ac1d8b45ddbc9xxxxxxxx

2、创建钉订告警发送 python脚本 nagios-dingding-no@.py


#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import requests
import json
import sys
import osheaders = {'Content-Type': 'application/json;charset=utf-8'}
api_url = "https://oapi.dingtalk.com/robot/send?access_token=8b21a85c6d22d25dca5bbee5a207bc31e93022d4f68ac1d8b45ddbc9xxxxxxxx"def msg(text):json_text= {"msgtype": "text",
#        "at": {
#            "atMobiles": [
#                "13812345678"
#            ],
#            "isAtAll": False
#        },"text": {"content": text}}print requests.post(api_url,json.dumps(json_text),headers=headers).contentif __name__ == '__main__':text = sys.argv[1]msg(text)

####注释部分 at 为@指定手机号码的人，不想@任何人可以取消at代码段

测试脚本
# python nagios-dingding-no@.py 'nagios监控测试 2020.04.01'

返回 {"errcode":0,"errmsg":"ok"}，说明发送成功

钉钉群会收到消息：

将nagios-dingding-no@.py脚本放至 /usr/local/nagios/libexec/目录

至此，告警发送脚本就设置完成了，接下来就来配置nagios，通过调用告警脚本实现nagios的告警信息实时地通过钉订发送出来。

二、nagios相关设置

在/usr/local/nagios/etc/objects目录，编辑命令配置文件commands.cfg （使用之前的py脚本发送告警信息）
增加如下内容

###########################  notify by dingding #################################################### 'notify-host-by-DD' command definition
define command{command_name    notify-host-by-DDcommand_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\nHost: $HOSTNAME$\nState: $HOSTSTATE$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nInfo: $HOSTOUTPUT$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n" | /usr/local/nagios/libexec/nagios-dingding-no@.py '[$NOTIFICATIONTYPE$] Host Alert: $HOSTNAME$ is $HOSTSTATE$ 【ECS-nagios监控】'}# 'notify-service-by-DD' command definition
define command{command_name    notify-service-by-DDcommand_line    /usr/bin/printf "%b" "***** Nagios *****\n\nNotification Type: $NOTIFICATIONTYPE$\n\nService: $SERVICEDESC$\nHost: $HOSTALIAS$\nAddress: $HOSTADDRESS$\nState: $SERVICESTATE$\n\nDate/Time: $LONGDATETIME$\n\nAdditional Info:\n\n$SERVICEOUTPUT$\n" | /usr/local/nagios/libexec/nagios-dingding-no@.py '[$NOTIFICATIONTYPE$] Service Alert: $HOSTALIAS$/$SERVICEDESC$ is $SERVICESTATE$ 【ECS-nagios监控】'}
####################################################################################################

修改联系人配置文件 contacts.cfg，将默认告警方式改为钉钉

define contact{contact_name                    nagiosadmin                  ; Short name of useruse                             generic-contact              ; Inherit default values from generic-contact template (defined above)service_notification_period     24x7                         ;        host_notification_period        24x7                         ;alias                           Nagios Admin                 ; Full name of useremail                           nagios@localhost             ; service_notification_commands   notify-service-by-DD         ;host_notification_commands      notify-host-by-DD            ; }

修改完成后，用以下命令检查配置文件是否有误：

[root@yunwei_server ~]# /usr/local/nagios/bin/nagios -v /usr/local/nagios/etc/nagios.cfg

Nagios Core 4.2.1
Copyright (c) 2009-present Nagios Core Development Team and Community Contributors
Copyright (c) 1999-2009 Ethan Galstad
Last Modified: 09-06-2016
License: GPL

Website: https://www.nagios.org
Reading configuration data...
Read main config file okay...
Read object config files okay...

Running pre-flight check on configuration data...

Checking objects...
Checked 19 services.
Checked 43 hosts.
Checked 2 host groups.
Checked 0 service groups.
Checked 1 contacts.
Checked 1 contact groups.
Checked 33 commands.
Checked 5 time periods.
Checked 0 host escalations.
Checked 0 service escalations.
Checking for circular paths...
Checked 43 hosts
Checked 0 service dependencies
Checked 0 host dependencies
Checked 5 timeperiods
Checking global event handlers...
Checking obsessive compulsive processor commands...
Checking misc settings...

Total Warnings: 0
Total Errors: 0

Things look okay - No serious problems were detected during the pre-flight check

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

最后结果为0，则说明配置文件正常

重启nagios服务 #service nagios restart

三、shell监控脚本调用

【判断网站状态，出现502等状态即告警】
[root@yunwei_server ~]# cat /home/shell/Web_Status_Check.sh

#!/bin/bash
############## web status check #############
webcheck_code=`curl -I -m 10 -o /dev/null -s -w %{http_code} www.webcheck.com`
sleep 0.2
time=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
echo "www.webcheck.com URL status   is ${webcheck_code},   on ${time} " >>/tmp/web_status.log
echo "-------------------------------------------------------- " >>/tmp/web_status.log
if [ ${webcheck_code} -ne 200 ] && [ ${webcheck_code} -ne 000 ]then /usr/local/nagios/libexec/nagios-dingding-no@.py "[webcheck.com网站告警]  www.webcheck.com HTTP_status is ${webcheck_code} at ${time}, 请及时查看！"
fi

【判断mysql同步状态】
[root@yunwei_server ~]# cat /home/shell/mysql-slavestatuscheck.sh

#!/bin/bashtime=$(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
mysql_cmd="mysql --defaults-extra-file=/etc/my.cnf"                     ###远程连接mysql的账号密码写在配置文件array=($($mysql_cmd -e "show slave status\G"|egrep '_Running:|Behind_Master|Last_SQL_Errno'|awk '{ print $NF }'))
if [ "${array[0]}" == "Yes" -a "${array[1]}" == "Yes" -a "${array[2]}" == "0" ]
then
echo "【Mysql主从】 Mysql Slave is OK, ${time}" >>/home/shell/logs/mysql_master_slave_check.log
else
echo "【Mysql主从】 Mysql Slave is error, ${time}, please check!" >>/home/shell/logs/mysql_master_slave_check.log
/usr/local/nagios/libexec/nagios-dingding-no@.py "【Mysql主从】 Mysql Slave is error, ${time}, please check!" >>/dev/null
break
fi

给上述脚本设置定时任务
*/15 * * * * /home/shell/Web_Status_Check.sh #网站状态检查每15分钟一次
30 */2 * * * /home/shell/mysql-slavestatuscheck.sh #mysql主从同步检查，每两个小时

2020.04.01 愚人节深圳南山.南海大道