Java 实现简单的KFC点餐结算

一．题目分析及要求

同学们应该都去麦当劳或肯德基吃过快餐吧？请同学们参考肯德基官网的信息模拟肯德基快餐店的收银系统，合理使用C++或Java或Python结合设计模式（2种以上）至少实现系统的以下功能：
1.正常餐品结算和找零。
2.基本套餐结算和找零。
3.使用优惠劵购买餐品结算和找零。
4.模拟打印小票的功能（写到文件中）。
基本要求：
1.实现功能测试代码，确保程序的健壮性。
2.画出使用的设计模式图。

二．设计模式

单点食物
采用简单工厂模式，利用Java反射机制来实现食品类的实例化。
工厂类名 : ( SimFoodFactory )

套餐产品
采用抽象工厂模式，实现套餐系列产品的生成（三个）
工厂类名：（ComboOneFactory， ComboSecondFactory ，ComboThirdFactory ）

三．类图设计

四．算法实现

1.实体类 Food

public class Food {public Integer id;public String name;public Double price;public Integer getId(){return id;}public String getName(){return name;}public Double getPrice(){return price;}}

2.Drink 类，Eat 类继承 Food基类

public class Eat extends Food {public Float quality;public Float getQuality(){return quality;}@Overridepublic String toString(){return "Eat{"+"quality=" +quality+", id="+ id +", name='"+name +'\''+", price="+price+'}'  ;}}
3.单种食物，单种饮料分别继承Eat 及 Drink
如：①食物单品
public class ChipsItem extends Eat {public ChipsItem() {this.id=1006;this.name="波纹霸王薯条";this.price=12.0;this.quality=50f;}
}②饮料单品
public class BeerItem extends Drink {public BeerItem(){this.id = 1004;this.name = "百威啤酒";this.price= 15.0;this.capacity= 120f;}
}

4.简单工厂，通过反射机制加载食物类实例（单点）

import kfc.order.item.Food;/**** 简单工厂，反射加载食物类实例（单点食物）*/public class SimFoodFactory {public Food getFood(Class c){try{return (Food) Class.forName(c.getName()).newInstance();}catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException| ClassNotFoundException e){e.printStackTrace();}return null;}}

5.套餐组合通过CombFactory 接口的实现来加载

mport kfc.order.item.Food;import java.util.List;/*** 抽象工厂，加载KFC组合套餐*/
public interface CombFactory {List<Food> getCombo();
}具体一号套餐
import kfc.order.item.BeerItem;
import kfc.order.item.ChickenItem;
import kfc.order.item.Food;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;/*** 啤酒炸鸡 （1）号套餐*/
public class ComboOneFactory implements CombFactory{@Override
public List<Food> getCombo(){List<Food> foodOneList= new ArrayList<Food>();//存储套餐产品Food chick=new ChickenItem();//实例化套餐内的产品Food beer =new BeerItem();chick.price=chick.price-2;//套餐的优惠，炸鸡价格减2元beer.price=beer.price-1;//套餐的优惠，啤酒价格减1元foodOneList.add(chick);foodOneList.add(beer);return foodOneList;//返回套餐集合}
}

6.FoodControler 类通过函数处理具体点餐事务

import kfc.order.item.*;
import kfc.order.service.ComboOneFactory;
import kfc.order.service.ComboSecondFactory;
import kfc.order.service.ComboThirdFactory;
import kfc.order.service.SimFoodFactory;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;public class FoodControler {static SimFoodFactory simFoodFactory = new SimFoodFactory();//简单工厂实例化static List<Food> foodList = new ArrayList<>();public  void service(){Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);String choose = sc.nextLine();switch (choose){case "7":foodList = new ComboOneFactory().getCombo();//抽象工厂产生套餐1break;case "8":foodList = new ComboSecondFactory().getCombo();//抽象工厂产生套餐2break;case "9":foodList = new ComboThirdFactory().getCombo();//抽象工厂产生套餐3break;case"1"://香辣炸鸡Food food_1= simFoodFactory.getFood(ChickenItem.class);//反射加载单品食物foodList.add(food_1);break;case"2"://香辣鸡腿堡Food food_2 = simFoodFactory.getFood(HamburgerItem.class);foodList.add(food_2);break;case"3"://薯条Food food_3 = simFoodFactory.getFood(ChipsItem.class);foodList.add(food_3);break;case"4"://美式Food food_4 = simFoodFactory.getFood(CafeItem.class);foodList.add(food_4);break;case"5"://可乐Food food_5 = simFoodFactory.getFood(CokeItem.class);foodList.add(food_5);break;case"6"://百威啤酒Food  food_6 = simFoodFactory.getFood(BeerItem.class);foodList.add(food_6);break;default:System.out.println("您所输入的点餐序号不存在");foodList = new ArrayList();}}}

7.MainApp 类处理结算及顾客选择

其功能实现为其他类实例化对象当做方法参数使用

五．测试截图

点餐界面截图

小票截图

六．个人总结

Java Swing 可视化还未能掌握，因此此次程序设计只完成了基本要求。在程序编写中，对Java面向对象的思想有了更深的理解，也提升了编程中解决问题的能力。
在食物的实例化过程中，对建造者设计模式有了进一步的认识。同时对Java的反射机制有了一定的理解。

附：源码

package kfc.order.item;public class Food {public Integer id;public String name;public Double price;public Integer getId(){return id;}public String getName(){return name;}public Double getPrice(){return price;}}

package kfc.order.item;public class Eat extends Food {public Float quality;public Float getQuality(){return quality;}@Overridepublic String toString(){return "Eat{"+"quality=" +quality+", id="+ id +", name='"+name +'\''+", price="+price+'}'  ;}
}

package kfc.order.item;public class Drink  extends Food{public Float capacity;public Float getCapacity(){return capacity;}@Overridepublic String toString(){return "Drink{"+"capacity=" +capacity+", id="+ id +", name='"+name +'\''+", price="+price+'}';}
}

package kfc.order.item;public class HamburgerItem  extends Eat {public HamburgerItem(){this.id = 1001;this.name = "香辣大虾堡";this.price = 22.0;this.quality = 10f;}
}

package kfc.order.item;public class CokeItem extends Drink {public CokeItem(){this.id = 1003;this.name ="可口可乐";this.price = 11.0;this.capacity = 200f;}}

package kfc.order.item;public class ChipsItem extends Eat {public ChipsItem() {this.id=1006;this.name="波纹霸王薯条";this.price=12.0;this.quality=50f;}
}

package kfc.order.item;public class ChickenItem extends Eat{public ChickenItem(){this.id = 1002;this.name = "香辣鸡翅";this.price = 48.0;this.quality = 100f;}}

package kfc.order.item;public class CafeItem extends Drink {public CafeItem(){this.id = 1005;this.name ="美式咖啡";this.price = 17.0;this.capacity =100f;}
}

package kfc.order.item;public class BeerItem extends Drink {public BeerItem(){this.id = 1004;this.name = "百威啤酒";this.price= 15.0;this.capacity= 120f;}
}

package kfc.order.service;import kfc.order.item.Food;import java.util.List;/*** 抽象工厂，加载KFC组合套餐*/
public interface CombFactory {List<Food> getCombo();
}

package kfc.order.service;import kfc.order.item.BeerItem;
import kfc.order.item.ChickenItem;
import kfc.order.item.Food;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;/*** 啤酒炸鸡 （1）号套餐*/
public class ComboOneFactory implements CombFactory{@Override
public List<Food> getCombo(){List<Food> foodOneList= new ArrayList<Food>();//存储套餐产品Food chick=new ChickenItem();//实例化套餐内的产品Food beer =new BeerItem();chick.price=chick.price-2;//套餐的优惠，炸鸡价格减2元beer.price=beer.price-1;//套餐的优惠，啤酒价格减1元foodOneList.add(chick);foodOneList.add(beer);return foodOneList;//返回套餐集合}
}

package kfc.order.service;import kfc.order.item.CafeItem;
import kfc.order.item.Food;
import kfc.order.item.HamburgerItem;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;/*** 咖啡和汉堡 （2）号套餐*/public class ComboSecondFactory implements CombFactory {public List<Food> getCombo(){List<Food> foodSecondList= new ArrayList<Food>();Food ham = new HamburgerItem();Food  cafe= new CafeItem();ham.price = ham.price-1;//套餐组合的优惠 汉堡减一元cafe.price = cafe.price-0.5;//套餐组合的优惠 咖啡减0.5元foodSecondList.add(cafe);foodSecondList.add(ham);return foodSecondList;}
}

package kfc.order.service;import kfc.order.item.ChipsItem;
import kfc.order.item.CokeItem;
import kfc.order.item.Food;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;/*** 可乐和薯条 （3）号套餐*/
public class ComboThirdFactory implements CombFactory {@Overridepublic List<Food> getCombo() {List<Food> foodThreeList = new ArrayList<Food>();Food chips = new ChipsItem();Food cola = new CokeItem();cola.price = cola.price - 1;//套餐组合的优惠chips.price = chips.price - 0.5;foodThreeList.add(chips);foodThreeList.add(cola);return foodThreeList;}
}

package kfc.order.service;import kfc.order.item.Food;/**** 简单工厂，反射加载食物类实例（单点食物）*/public class SimFoodFactory {public Food getFood(Class c){try{return (Food) Class.forName(c.getName()).newInstance();}catch (InstantiationException | IllegalAccessException| ClassNotFoundException e){e.printStackTrace();}return null;}}

package kfc.order.control;import kfc.order.item.*;
import kfc.order.service.ComboOneFactory;
import kfc.order.service.ComboSecondFactory;
import kfc.order.service.ComboThirdFactory;
import kfc.order.service.SimFoodFactory;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;public class FoodControler {static SimFoodFactory simFoodFactory = new SimFoodFactory();//简单工厂实例化static List<Food> foodList = new ArrayList<>();public  void service(){Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);String choose = sc.nextLine();switch (choose){case "7":foodList = new ComboOneFactory().getCombo();//抽象工厂产生套餐1break;case "8":foodList = new ComboSecondFactory().getCombo();//抽象工厂产生套餐2break;case "9":foodList = new ComboThirdFactory().getCombo();//抽象工厂产生套餐3break;case"1"://香辣炸鸡Food food_1= simFoodFactory.getFood(ChickenItem.class);foodList.add(food_1);break;case"2"://香辣鸡腿堡Food food_2 = simFoodFactory.getFood(HamburgerItem.class);foodList.add(food_2);break;case"3"://薯条Food food_3 = simFoodFactory.getFood(ChipsItem.class);foodList.add(food_3);break;case"4"://美式Food food_4 = simFoodFactory.getFood(CafeItem.class);foodList.add(food_4);break;case"5"://可乐Food food_5 = simFoodFactory.getFood(CokeItem.class);foodList.add(food_5);break;case"6"://百威啤酒Food  food_6 = simFoodFactory.getFood(BeerItem.class);foodList.add(food_6);break;default:System.out.println("您所输入的点餐序号不存在");foodList = new ArrayList();}}}

package kfc.order.control;import kfc.order.item.Food;import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.FileWriter;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;public class  MoneyAnalyze {public   Double getMoneyCount(List<Food> list ){//,Double disCount,Double tickets){Double moneyCount = 0.0; //顾客应付钱数for (Food food:list){moneyCount += food.price;}//return moneyCount*disCount-tickets;  //计算折扣后应付钱数return moneyCount;}/*** 找零* @param inMoney 收入的钱数* @param  count 应收钱数*/public  Double getChange( Double inMoney,Double count){return inMoney-count;}/*** 打印小票**/public  void receipt(List<Food>list ,Double disCount,Double tickets) throws IOException{Date currentTime = new Date();FileWriter fileWriter= new FileWriter("receipt.txt");BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(fileWriter);bw.write("————————————————————欢迎光临  **有点LOW**  KFC————————————————"+"\r\n");bw.write("\n\n");bw.write("订单时间："+currentTime+"\r\n\n");bw.write("您本次消费清单如下"+"\r\n");for (Food food:list){bw.write("ID："+food.id+"\r\n");bw.write("食物："+food.name+"\r\n");bw.write("金额："+food.price+"\r\n");}bw.write("折扣"+disCount*10 +"折"+"\r\n");bw.write("优惠"+tickets+"元"+"\r\n");bw.write("总金额"+((getMoneyCount(list)*disCount)-tickets)+ "\u5143");bw.flush();bw.close();}}

package kfc.order.control;import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.Scanner;public class MainApp {public static  Double tickets=0.0 ;public static Double disCount=1.0;MoneyAnalyze moneyAnalyze = new MoneyAnalyze();static FoodControler foodControler = new FoodControler();public void interFace()throws IOException{System.out.println("============================================================");System.out.println("************************************************************\n");System.out.println("--------------------欢迎光临KFC------------------------------");System.out.println("**************     1.点餐                                    \n");System.out.println("**************     2.领取优惠卷 (请在购买商品之后查看领取哦)   \n");System.out.println("**************     3.结算                                    \n");System.out.println("*************************************************************\n");System.out.println("=============================================================");System.out.println("请选择服务类型：");chooseServe();}public void chooseServe() throws IOException {Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);String inter =sc.nextLine();while (true){if(inter.equals("1")){orderMeal();break;}else if(inter.equals("2")){System.out.println("满50减3.6元");System.out.println("满80减5.0元");System.out.println("请选择服务类型：");chooseServe();break;}else if(inter.equals("3")){if(foodControler.foodList!=null){settlement();break;}else {System.out.println("您当前还未点餐，结算系统锁定，请点餐后选择");chooseServe();}}else {System.out.println("服务类型不存在，我们正在完善中,请您重新选择 ");chooseServe();break;}}}public void orderMeal() throws IOException {System.out.println("\n");System.out.println("----------------  本店推出以下菜品：--------------------------");System.out.println("①  自选单品");System.out.println("1. 香辣鸡翅：48元/份             2. 香辣大虾堡：22元/个");System.out.println("3. 波纹霸王薯条： 12元/份        4. 美式咖啡：17元/杯  ");System.out.println("5. 可口可乐：11元/杯             6. 百威啤酒：15元/杯    " );System.out.println("②  人气套餐——有优惠哦");System.out.println("7. 套餐一：啤酒+炸鸡：60元/份");System.out.println("8. 套餐二：汉堡+咖啡：37.5元/份");System.out.println("9. 套餐三：可乐+薯条：21.5元/份");System.out.println("--------------------------------------------------------------");System.out.println("请选择餐品序号");//调用FoodControler 函数Server（）
// FoodControler foodControler =new FoodControler();while(true){foodControler.service();System.out.println("您所点的商品如下 ：");System.out.println(foodControler.foodList);System.out.println("您当前订单金额为："+moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)+"元");
//            System.out.println(foodControler.foodList.isEmpty());//测试列表空否chooseQuit();break;}}public void chooseQuit() throws IOException {//点餐界面离开选项System.out.println("继续:【Y】  结算:【S】  返回【A】");System.out.println("请输入服务类型：");Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);String item =sc.nextLine();while (true) {if (item.equals("A") || item.equals("a")) {interFace();break;} else if (item.equals("Y") || item.equals("y")) {System.out.println(foodControler.foodList);
//                System.out.println("您当前订单金额为："+moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList));orderMeal();break;} else if (item.equals("S") || item.equals("s")) {settlement();break;} else {System.out.println("您所选择的服务不存在，请重新输入：");chooseQuit();break;}}}public void getTickets(){if(moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)<50){System.out.println("您的订单无法领取优惠券");}if(moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)>50&&moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)<80){tickets=3.6;System.out.println("您的订单可以领取3.6元优惠券");}else if(moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)>80){tickets=5.0;System.out.println("您的订单可以领取5元优惠券");}}/*** 通过消费判定折扣*/public void settlement() throws IOException {System.out.println("您的付款金额：");Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);Double inMoney = sc.nextDouble();if(moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)>50){//tickets= 3.6;disCount=0.86;}else if(moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)>80){//tickets=5;disCount=0.75;}System.out.println("您本次消费如下：");getTickets();System.out.println("您本次消费："+moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList));System.out.println("优惠："+tickets+" 元");System.out.println("折扣："+disCount*10+" 折");System.out.println("折后消费:"+(moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)*disCount));System.out.println("收您："+inMoney+" 元");System.out.println("找零："+(moneyAnalyze.getChange(inMoney,moneyAnalyze.getMoneyCount(foodControler.foodList)*disCount-tickets))+" 元");moneyAnalyze.receipt(foodControler.foodList,disCount,tickets);//调用函数打印小票}}

package kfc.order.control;
import java.io.IOException;public class StartKFC  {public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {MainApp mainApp = new MainApp();mainApp.interFace();}
}
//工厂模式算法源自CSDN 博客