首先要阅读requirement, 结合你的环境, 满足日后的使用, 需要合理的选择硬件, 以及需要的依赖组件或库.

https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/2.2/manual/installation/requirements

需要注意一下数据库大小的估算.

数据库里存放的数据包括, 配置信息, 历史数据, 报告数据(趋势数据), 事件数据.

这些数据量的评估, 首先和每秒server接收到的数据量有关, 例如我们配置了3000个监控条目, 每60秒监控一次, 那么每秒将受到3000/60=50条监控数据, 

监控数据和监控配置有关, 可能存储的是数字, 或者字符串, 或者其他的值, 假设平均50个字节一条.

那么存放1年的历史数据需要50*24*60*60*365*50 bytes=73GB.

统计数据是指统计每小时的最大, 最小, 平均, COUNT值. 假设一个条目每小时需要128字节来存储统计信息. 

同样假设有3000个监控条目, 那么存储1年的统计数据需要3000*24*365*128=16.8GB

最后是事件的存储, 事件指触发的事件, 这个比较难估算, 最坏来算每秒产生1个事件, 一个事件存储消耗130个字节, 那么保存3年的事件需要空间3*24*60*60*365*130=12.3GB

安装过程 : 

下载稳定版本源码包

http://www.zabbix.com/download.php

zabbix-2.2.6.tar.gz

阅读安装说明

https://www.zabbix.com/documentation/doku.php?id=2.2/manual/installation/install

1. 创建用户和组, 所有的zabbix daemon必须以普通用户运行来避免风险. 如果以root用于运行, 会自动切换到zabbix下运行. 如果以普通用户运行, 则以运行daemon的普通用户运行. 除了不要以root来运行, 同时不要以有特权的任何普通用户运行daemon.

注意1: Running Zabbix as root, bin, or any other account with special rights is a security risk.

注意2: 如果server和agent在同一台机器的话, 务必使用不同的用户启动两个daemon, 因为如果使用同一个用户启动的话, agent很容易获取到server的配置文件, 所以建议使用不同的用户运行agent和server, 来分离权限.

[root@150 zabbix-2.2.6]# useradd zabbix
[root@150 zabbix-2.2.6]# id zabbix
uid=501(zabbix) gid=502(zabbix) groups=502(zabbix)

如果同主机还需要运行agent, 建议再创建一个用户.

[root@150 soft_bak]# useradd zagent
[root@150 soft_bak]# id zagent
uid=502(zagent) gid=503(zagent) groups=503(zagent)

useradd postgres
tar -jxvf postgresql-9.3.5.tar.bz2
cd postgresql-9.3.5
./configure --prefix=/opt/pgsql9.3.5 --with-pgport=5432 --with-perl --with-tcl --with-python --with-openssl --with-pam --with-ldap --with-libxml --with-libxslt --enable-thread-safety
gmake world && gmake install-world
ln -s /opt/pgsql9.3.5 /opt/pgsql
vi /etc/profile
export PATH=/opt/pgsql/bin:$PATH
export MANPATH=/opt/pgsql/share/man:$MANPATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/pgsql/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
mkdir -p /data03/pgdata/pg_root
chown postgres:postgres /data03/pgdata/pg_root
su - postgres
vi .bash_profile
export PS1="$USER@`/bin/hostname -s`-> "
export PGPORT=5432
export PGDATA=/data03/pgdata/pg_root
export LANG=en_US.utf8
export PGHOME=/opt/pgsql
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$PGHOME/lib:/lib64:/usr/lib64:/usr/local/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
export DATE=`date +"%Y%m%d%H%M"`
export PATH=$PGHOME/bin:$PATH:.
export MANPATH=$PGHOME/share/man:$MANPATH
export PGUSER=postgres
export PGHOST=$PGDATA
alias rm='rm -i'
alias ll='ls -lh'
export PGDATABASE=postgresinitdb -D $PGDATA -E UTF8 --locale=C -U postgres -W
cd $PGDATA
vi postgresql.conf
listen_addresses = '0.0.0.0'            # what IP address(es) to listen on;
port = 5432                             # (change requires restart)
max_connections = 500                   # (change requires restart)
superuser_reserved_connections = 13     # (change requires restart)
unix_socket_directories = '.'   # comma-separated list of directories
unix_socket_permissions = 0700          # begin with 0 to use octal notation
tcp_keepalives_idle = 60                # TCP_KEEPIDLE, in seconds;
tcp_keepalives_interval = 10            # TCP_KEEPINTVL, in seconds;
tcp_keepalives_count = 10               # TCP_KEEPCNT;
shared_buffers = 2048MB                 # min 128kB
maintenance_work_mem = 512MB            # min 1MB
shared_preload_libraries = 'pg_stat_statements'         # (change requires restart)
vacuum_cost_delay = 10                  # 0-100 milliseconds
vacuum_cost_limit = 10000               # 1-10000 credits
bgwriter_delay = 10ms                   # 10-10000ms between rounds
wal_level = hot_standby     # minimal, archive, or hot_standby
synchronous_commit = off                # synchronization level;
wal_buffers = 16384kB                   # min 32kB, -1 sets based on shared_buffers
wal_writer_delay = 10ms         # 1-10000 milliseconds
checkpoint_segments = 128               # in logfile segments, min 1, 16MB each
archive_mode = on               # allows archiving to be done
archive_command = '/bin/date'           # command to use to archive a logfile segment
max_wal_senders = 32            # max number of walsender processes
wal_keep_segments = 256         # in logfile segments, 16MB each; 0 disables
hot_standby = on                        # "on" allows queries during recovery
max_standby_archive_delay = 300s        # max delay before canceling queries
max_standby_streaming_delay = 300s      # max delay before canceling queries
wal_receiver_status_interval = 1s       # send replies at least this often
hot_standby_feedback = on               # send info from standby to prevent
effective_cache_size = 8192MB
log_destination = 'csvlog'              # Valid values are combinations of
logging_collector = on          # Enable capturing of stderr and csvlog
log_directory = 'pg_log'                # directory where log files are written,
log_filename = 'postgresql-%Y-%m-%d_%H%M%S.log' # log file name pattern,
log_file_mode = 0600                    # creation mode for log files,
log_truncate_on_rotation = on           # If on, an existing log file with the
log_rotation_age = 1d                   # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
log_rotation_size = 10MB                # Automatic rotation of logfiles will
log_min_duration_statement = 1s # -1 is disabled, 0 logs all statements
log_checkpoints = on
log_connections = on
log_disconnections = on
log_error_verbosity = verbose           # terse, default, or verbose messages
log_statement = 'ddl'                   # none, ddl, mod, all
log_timezone = 'PRC'
log_autovacuum_min_duration = 0 # -1 disables, 0 logs all actions and
autovacuum_vacuum_threshold = 50        # min number of row updates before
autovacuum_analyze_threshold = 50       # min number of row updates before
autovacuum_vacuum_scale_factor = 0.2    # fraction of table size before vacuum
autovacuum_analyze_scale_factor = 0.1   # fraction of table size before analyze
autovacuum_vacuum_cost_delay = 10ms     # default vacuum cost delay for
datestyle = 'iso, mdy'
timezone = 'PRC'
lc_messages = 'C'                       # locale for system error message
lc_monetary = 'C'                       # locale for monetary formatting
lc_numeric = 'C'                        # locale for number formatting
lc_time = 'C'                           # locale for time formatting
default_text_search_config = 'pg_catalog.english'
pg_stat_statements.max=1000
pg_stat_statements.track=all
pg_stat_statements.save=on

[root@150 zabbix-2.2.6]# ./configure --help

选择要安装的组件, (例如server, proxy, agent全部安装)编译安装 :

[root@150 zabbix-2.2.6]# ./configure --prefix=/opt/zabbix2.2.6 --enable-server --enable-proxy --enable-agent --enable-java --enable-ipv6 --with-postgresql=/opt/pgsql/bin/pg_config --with-net-snmp --with-ssh2 --with-openipmi --with-ldap --with-libcurl --with-iconv

checking for SSH2 support... no
configure: error: SSH2 library not found

解决

[root@150 zabbix-2.2.6]# yum install -y libssh2-devel

例如

checking for OPENIPMI support... no
configure: error: Invalid OPENIPMI directory - unable to find ipmiif.h

解决

[root@150 zabbix-2.2.6]# yum install -y OpenIPMI-devel# make && make install
[root@150 zabbix-2.2.6]# ln -s /opt/zabbix2.2.6 /opt/zabbix
[root@150 zabbix-2.2.6]# cd /opt/zabbix
[root@150 zabbix]# ll
total 20
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 31 12:10 bin
drwxr-xr-x 6 root root 4096 Aug 31 12:10 etc
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 4096 Aug 31 12:10 lib
drwxr-xr-x 3 root root 4096 Aug 31 12:10 sbin
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Aug 31 12:10 share

配置/etc/profile

vi /etc/profile
export PATH=/opt/zabbix/bin:/opt/zabbix/sbin:$PATH
export MANPATH=/opt/zabbix/share/man:$MANPATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/opt/zabbix/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

[root@150 zabbix]# ll bin/
total 560
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 256830 Aug 31 12:10 zabbix_get
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 314325 Aug 31 12:10 zabbix_sender

# vi /etc/profile
export PATH=/opt/php5.5.14/bin:/opt/php5.5.14/sbin:$PATH
export MANPATH=/opt/php5.5.14/php/man:$MANPATH[root@150 ~]# php --ini
Configuration File (php.ini) Path: /opt/php5.5.14/lib
Loaded Configuration File:         (none)
Scan for additional .ini files in: (none)
Additional .ini files parsed:      (none)# . /etc/profile注意拷贝到对应的配置目录
# cp php-5.5.14/php.ini-production /opt/php5.5.14/lib/php.ini
# cp /opt/php5.5.14/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /opt/php5.5.14/etc/php-fpm.conf[root@150 zabbix]# which php-fpm
/opt/php5.5.14/sbin/php-fpm
[root@150 zabbix]# php-fpm -R -c /opt/php5.5.14/etc
[root@150 zabbix]# netstat -anp|grep 9000
tcp        0      0 127.0.0.1:9000              0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      26627/php-fpm  

配置并启动nginx

[root@150 conf]# pwd
/opt/nginx1.6.0/conf
[root@150 conf]# ll
total 60
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1034 Aug 31 15:08 fastcgi.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1034 Aug 31 15:08 fastcgi.conf.default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  964 Aug 31 15:08 fastcgi_params
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  964 Aug 31 15:08 fastcgi_params.default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2837 Aug 31 15:08 koi-utf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2223 Aug 31 15:08 koi-win
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3957 Aug 31 15:08 mime.types
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3957 Aug 31 15:08 mime.types.default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2639 Aug 31 15:12 nginx.conf
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2656 Aug 31 15:08 nginx.conf.default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  596 Aug 31 15:08 scgi_params
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  596 Aug 31 15:08 scgi_params.default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  623 Aug 31 15:08 uwsgi_params
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root  623 Aug 31 15:08 uwsgi_params.default
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3610 Aug 31 15:08 win-utf[root@150 conf]# pwd
/opt/nginx1.6.0/conf
[root@150 conf]# cat nginx.confuser  nobody;
worker_processes  2;#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;#pid        logs/nginx.pid;events {worker_connections  1024;
}http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';#access_log  logs/access.log  main;sendfile        on;#tcp_nopush     on;#keepalive_timeout  0;keepalive_timeout  65;#gzip  on;server {listen       8080;server_name  digoal;root /opt/www/zabbix;#charset koi8-r;#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;location / {index  index.html index.htm index.php;}#error_page  404              /404.html;# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html#error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80##location ~ \.php$ {#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;#}# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000#location ~ \.php$ {fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;fastcgi_index  index.php;fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;include        fastcgi_params;}# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root# concurs with nginx's one##location ~ /\.ht {#    deny  all;#}}# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration##server {#    listen       8000;#    listen       somename:8080;#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;#    location / {#        root   html;#        index  index.html index.htm;#    }#}# HTTPS server##server {#    listen       443 ssl;#    server_name  localhost;#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;#    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;#    location / {#        root   html;#        index  index.html index.htm;#    }#}}
启动
[root@150 conf]# /opt/nginx1.6.0/sbin/nginx -c /opt/nginx1.6.0/conf/nginx.conf

5. 配置WEB

[root@150 php]# pwd
/opt/soft_bak/zabbix-2.2.6/frontends/php
将php目录中的所有文件拷贝到/opt/www/zabbix
[root@150 frontends]# mkdir -p /opt/www/zabbix
[root@150 php]# cp -a . /opt/www/zabbix/

# vi /opt/php5.5.14/lib/php.ini
post_max_size = 16M
date.timezone = Asia/Shanghai
max_execution_time = 300
max_input_time = 300
[root@150 etc]# ps -ewf|grep php
root     14100     1  0 09:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: master process (/opt/php5.5.14/etc/php-fpm.conf)
nobody   14101 14100  0 09:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
nobody   14102 14100  0 09:25 ?        00:00:00 php-fpm: pool www
root     14604   504  0 09:32 pts/0    00:00:00 grep php
[root@150 etc]# kill -9 14100
[root@150 etc]# kill -9 14101
[root@150 etc]# kill -9 14102
[root@150 etc]# php-fpm -R

同时, 如果要使用新版本的lib, 需要重新编译.

# wget http://download.savannah.gnu.org/releases/freetype/freetype-2.5.3.tar.bz2
# tar -jxvf freetype-2.5.3.tar.bz2
# cd freetype-2.5.3
# ./configure --prefix=/opt/freetype2.5.3
# make && make install# ./configure --prefix=/opt/php5.5.14 --with-pcre-regex=/usr/lib64 --enable-fpm --enable-opcache --with-pdo-pgsql=/opt/pgsql/bin --with-pgsql=/opt/pgsql/bin --enable-bcmath --enable-mbstring --enable-sockets --with-gd --with-gettext --with-libdir=lib64 --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-freetype-dir=/opt/freetype2.5.3
# make && make install注意php 5.5.14的gd库是随php源码包绑定的, 所以就是2.1的版本.# 重启php-fpm
# php-fpm -R -c /usr/local/etc

6. 创建数据库

[root@150 etc]# su - postgres
postgres@150-> psql
psql (9.3.5)
Type "help" for help.postgres=# create role zabbix nosuperuser login encrypted password 'digoal';
CREATE ROLE
postgres=# create database zabbix with template template0 encoding 'UTF8' ;
CREATE DATABASE
postgres=# grant all on database zabbix to zabbix;
GRANT

7. 创建schema

shell> psql -U <username>
psql> create database zabbix;
psql> \q
shell> cd database/postgresql
shell> psql -U <username> zabbix < schema.sql
# stop here if you are creating database for Zabbix proxy  , 如果是代理的话, 只需要创建schema.
shell> psql -U <username> zabbix < images.sql
shell> psql -U <username> zabbix < data.sql[root@150 postgresql]# pwd
/opt/soft_bak/zabbix-2.2.6/database/postgresql
[root@150 postgresql]# ll
total 2896
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000  873252 Aug 27 21:08 data.sql
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000 1979089 Aug 27 21:07 images.sql
-rw-rw-r-- 1 1000 1000  102928 Aug 27 21:08 schema.sql
[root@150 postgresql]# su - postgres
postgres@150-> cd /opt/soft_bak/zabbix-2.2.6/database/postgresql/
postgres@150-> psql -h 127.0.0.1 -U zabbix zabbix -f ./schema.sql
postgres@150-> psql -h 127.0.0.1 -U zabbix zabbix -f ./images.sql
postgres@150-> psql -h 127.0.0.1 -U zabbix zabbix -f ./data.sql

[root@150 conf]# cat zabbix.conf.php
<?php
// Zabbix GUI configuration file
global $DB;$DB['TYPE']     = 'POSTGRESQL';
$DB['SERVER']   = '127.0.0.1';
$DB['PORT']     = '5432';
$DB['DATABASE'] = 'zabbix';
$DB['USER']     = 'zabbix';
$DB['PASSWORD'] = 'digoal';// SCHEMA is relevant only for IBM_DB2 database
$DB['SCHEMA'] = '';$ZBX_SERVER      = '0.0.0.0';
$ZBX_SERVER_PORT = '10051';
$ZBX_SERVER_NAME = 'digoal';$IMAGE_FORMAT_DEFAULT = IMAGE_FORMAT_PNG;
?>

zabbix=> select * from users;
-[ RECORD 1 ]--+---------------------------------
userid         | 1
alias          | Admin
name           | Zabbix
surname        | Administrator
passwd         | 5fce1b3e34b520afeffb37ce08c7cd66
url            |
autologin      | 1
autologout     | 0
lang           | en_GB
refresh        | 30
type           | 3
theme          | default
attempt_failed | 0
attempt_ip     |
attempt_clock  | 0
rows_per_page  | 50
-[ RECORD 2 ]--+---------------------------------
userid         | 2
alias          | guest
name           |
surname        |
passwd         | d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e
url            |
autologin      | 0
autologout     | 900
lang           | en_GB
refresh        | 30
type           | 1
theme          | default
attempt_failed | 0
attempt_ip     |
attempt_clock  | 0
rows_per_page  | 50

        /*** Checks for PHP GD JPEG support.** @return array*/public function checkPhpGdJpeg() {if (is_callable('gd_info')) {$gdInfo = gd_info();// check for PHP prior 5.3.0, it returns 'JPG Support' key.$current = isset($gdInfo['JPG Support']) ? $gdInfo['JPG Support'] : $gdInfo['JPEG Support'];}else {$current = false;}return array('name' => _('PHP gd JPEG support'),'current' => $current ? _('on') : _('off'),'required' => null,'result' => $current ? self::CHECK_OK : self::CHECK_FATAL,'error' => _('PHP gd JPEG image support missing.'));}/*** Checks for PHP GD FreeType support.** @return array*/public function checkPhpGdFreeType() {if (is_callable('gd_info')) {$gdInfo = gd_info();$current = $gdInfo['FreeType Support'];}else {$current = false;}return array('name' => _('PHP gd FreeType support'),'current' => $current ? _('on') : _('off'),'required' => null,'result' => $current ? self::CHECK_OK : self::CHECK_FATAL,'error' => _('PHP gd FreeType support missing.'));}

 if test "$PHP_JPEG_DIR" != "no"; thenfor i in $PHP_JPEG_DIR /usr/local /usr; dotest -f $i/include/jpeglib.h && GD_JPEG_DIR=$i && breakdoneif test -z "$GD_JPEG_DIR"; thenas_fn_error $? "jpeglib.h not found." "$LINENO" 5fi....if test "$PHP_FREETYPE_DIR" != "no"; thenfor i in $PHP_FREETYPE_DIR /usr/local /usr; doif test -f "$i/bin/freetype-config"; thenFREETYPE2_DIR=$iFREETYPE2_CONFIG="$i/bin/freetype-config"breakfidoneif test -z "$FREETYPE2_DIR"; thenas_fn_error $? "freetype-config not found." "$LINENO" 5fi

[参考]