1.StringIO模块

StringIO用于像文件一样对字符串缓冲区或者叫做内存文件进行读写。

f = StringIO()      # ready for writing

f = StringIO(buf)   # ready for reading

f.close()           # explicitly release resources held

flag = f.isatty()   # always false

pos = f.tell()      # get current position

f.seek(pos)         # set current position

f.seek(pos, mode)   # mode 0: absolute; 1: relative; 2: relative to EOF

buf = f.read()      # read until EOF

buf = f.read(n)     # read up to n bytes

buf = f.readline()  # read until end of line (‘\n‘) or EOF

list = f.readlines()# list of f.readline() results until EOF

f.truncate([size])  # truncate file at to at most size (default: current pos)

f.write(buf)        # write at current position

f.writelines(list)  # for line in list: f.write(line)

f.getvalue()        # return whole file‘s contents as a string

在有些时候python调用shell命令或者使用socket向端口发送命令后返回一大串分行的字符串。就可以使用StringIO对这些字符串分行读写。

例如向ZooKeeper的端口发送mntr命令import socket

s=socket.socket()

s.connect((‘localhost‘,2181))

s.send(‘mntr‘)

data_mntr=s.recv(2048)

s.close()

print data_mntr# python test.py

zk_version3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT

zk_avg_latency0

zk_max_latency0

zk_min_latency0

zk_packets_received335

zk_packets_sent334

zk_num_alive_connections1

zk_outstanding_requests0

zk_server_statefollower

zk_znode_count17159

zk_watch_count0

zk_ephemerals_count1

zk_approximate_data_size6666471

zk_open_file_descriptor_count27

zk_max_file_descriptor_count102400

data_mntr返回的数据就是一个string buffer，如果需要对每行数据进行读写，就需要像文件那样使用readline()或者readlines()#!/usr/bin/python

import socket

from StringIO import StringIO

s=socket.socket()

s.connect((‘localhost‘,2181))

s.send(‘mntr‘)

data_mntr=s.recv(2048)

s.close()

h=StringIO(data_mntr)

print h.readline()

print h.readlines()

# python test.py

zk_version3.4.6-1569965, built on 02/20/2014 09:09 GMT

[‘zk_avg_latency\t0\n‘, ‘zk_max_latency\t0\n‘, ‘zk_min_latency\t0\n‘, ‘zk_packets_received\t347\n‘, ‘zk_packets_sent\t346\n‘, ‘zk_num_alive_connections\t1\n‘, ‘zk_outstanding_requests\t0\n‘, ‘zk_server_state\tfollower\n‘, ‘zk_znode_count\t17159\n‘, ‘zk_watch_count\t0\n‘, ‘zk_ephemerals_count\t1\n‘, ‘zk_approximate_data_size\t6666471\n‘, ‘zk_open_file_descriptor_count\t27\n‘, ‘zk_max_file_descriptor_count\t102400\n‘]

2.cStringIO模块

cStringIO模块和StringIO模块功能类似。不过这个模块是用C语言编写的。

将以上的from StringIO import StringIO

直接换成from cStringIO import StringIO

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