大数据应用之Windows平台Hbase客户端Eclipse环境搭建-Java版

作者：张子良

版权所有，转载请注明出处

引子：

　　大数据的场景下，NoSql型数据库的优势不言而喻，但是涉及NoSQL数据库的实际动手开发的东西多是Linux平台，大多语焉不详，至于Windows平台介绍的东西就更少了，而且大多无法运行。本文就Windows平台基于Eclipse搭建Hbase环境客户端开发环境做一个介绍。另外基于Thrift实现的Windows版本Hbase客户端库也做了封装，有需要的可以留言索取。

一、开发环境

操作系统：windows xp sp3

开发工具：Eclipse3.6

虚拟机：VMware

服务器环境：hadoop1.1.0 + Hbase0.94

备注：需要特别说明的是不需要Cygwin搭建Linux在Windows环境下的方针。

二、环境配置

2.1系统设置

　　修改Windows主机Hosts文件C:\WINDOWS\system32\drivers\etc\hosts,增加服务器配置

127.0.0.1       localhost
127.0.0.1          microsof-c2f4ea
192.168.230.133 hadoop1

2.2 Eclipse设置

　　运行Eclipse，创建一个新的Java工程“HBaseClient”，右键项目根目录，选择 “Properties”->“Java Build Path”->“Library”->“Add External JARs”，将HBase解压后根目录下的hbase-0.94.0.jar、hbase-0.94.0-tests.jar和lib子目录下所有jar 包添加到本工程的Classpath下。拷贝Hbase服务器端配置文件hbase-site.xml添加到本工程的Classpath中。配置文件如下所示：

<configuration>
    <property>
    <name>hbase.rootdir</name>
    <value>hdfs://192.168.230.133:9000/hbase</value>
    <description>The directory shared by region servers.</description>
    </property>
    <property>
     <name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
     <value>true</value>
     <description>The mode the cluster will be in. Possible values are
              false: standalone and pseudo-distributed setups with managed Zookeeper
              true: fully-distributed with unmanaged Zookeeper Quorum (see hbase-env.sh)
     </description>
  </property>    
    <property>  
    <name>hbase.master</name>  
    <value>hdfs://192.168.230.133:60000</value>  
    </property>   
    <property>
    <name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
    <value>192.168.230.133</value>
    <description>Comma separated list of servers in the ZooKeeper Quorum.      For example, "host1.mydomain.com,host2.mydomain.com,host3.mydomain.com".      By default this is set to localhost for local and pseudo-distributed modes      of operation. For a fully-distributed setup, this should be set to a full      list of ZooKeeper quorum servers. If HBASE_MANAGES_ZK is set in hbase-env.sh      this is the list of servers which we will start/stop ZooKeeper on.
    </description>
    </property>
    <property>
    <name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
    <value>/home/hadoop/log/zookeeper</value>
    <description>Property from ZooKeeper's config zoo.cfg.
        The directory where the snapshot is stored.
    </description>
    </property>
</configuration>

三、程序源码

import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
 
import org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HColumnDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HTableDescriptor;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.KeyValue;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.MasterNotRunningException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.ZooKeeperConnectionException;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Delete;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Get;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HBaseAdmin;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.HTable;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Result;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.ResultScanner;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Scan;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.Put;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;
 
public class HBaseTest {
    
    private static Configuration conf = null;
     
    /**
     * 初始化配置
     */
    static {
        Configuration HBASE_CONFIG = new Configuration();
        //与hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml中hbase.zookeeper.quorum配置的值相同
        HBASE_CONFIG.set("hbase.master", "192.168.230.133:60000");
        HBASE_CONFIG.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", "192.168.230.133");
        //与hbase/conf/hbase-site.xml中hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort配置的值相同
        HBASE_CONFIG.set("hbase.zookeeper.property.clientPort", "2181");
        conf = HBaseConfiguration.create(HBASE_CONFIG);
    }
    
    /**
     * 创建一张表
     */
    public static void creatTable(String tableName, String[] familys) throws Exception {
        HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
        if (admin.tableExists(tableName)) {
            System.out.println("table already exists!");
        } else {
            HTableDescriptor tableDesc = new HTableDescriptor(tableName);
            for(int i=0; i<familys.length; i++){
                tableDesc.addFamily(new HColumnDescriptor(familys[i]));
            }
            admin.createTable(tableDesc);
            System.out.println("create table " + tableName + " ok.");
        }
    }
    
    /**
     * 删除表
     */
    public static void deleteTable(String tableName) throws Exception {
       try {
           HBaseAdmin admin = new HBaseAdmin(conf);
           admin.disableTable(tableName);
           admin.deleteTable(tableName);
           System.out.println("delete table " + tableName + " ok.");
       } catch (MasterNotRunningException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       } catch (ZooKeeperConnectionException e) {
           e.printStackTrace();
       }
    }
     
    /**
     * 插入一行记录
     */
    public static void addRecord (String tableName, String rowKey, String family, String qualifier, String value)
            throws Exception{
        try {
            HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
            Put put = new Put(Bytes.toBytes(rowKey));
            put.add(Bytes.toBytes(family),Bytes.toBytes(qualifier),Bytes.toBytes(value));
            table.put(put);
            System.out.println("insert recored " + rowKey + " to table " + tableName +" ok.");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
 
    /**
     * 删除一行记录
     */
    public static void delRecord (String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException{
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        List list = new ArrayList();
        Delete del = new Delete(rowKey.getBytes());
        list.add(del);
        table.delete(list);
        System.out.println("del recored " + rowKey + " ok.");
    }
     
    /**
     * 查找一行记录
     */
    public static void getOneRecord (String tableName, String rowKey) throws IOException{
        HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
        Get get = new Get(rowKey.getBytes());
        Result rs = table.get(get);
        for(KeyValue kv : rs.raw()){
            System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) + " " );
            System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) + ":" );
            System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) + " " );
            System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp() + " " );
            System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
        }
    }
     
    /**
     * 显示所有数据
     */
    public static void getAllRecord (String tableName) {
        try{
             HTable table = new HTable(conf, tableName);
             Scan s = new Scan();
             ResultScanner ss = table.getScanner(s);
             for(Result r:ss){
                 for(KeyValue kv : r.raw()){
                    System.out.print(new String(kv.getRow()) + " ");
                    System.out.print(new String(kv.getFamily()) + ":");
                    System.out.print(new String(kv.getQualifier()) + " ");
                    System.out.print(kv.getTimestamp() + " ");
                    System.out.println(new String(kv.getValue()));
                 }
             }
        } catch (IOException e){
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
    
    public static void  main (String [] agrs) {
        try {
            String tablename = "scores";
            String[] familys = {"grade", "course"};
            HBaseTest.creatTable(tablename, familys);
             
            //add record zkb
            HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","grade","","5");
            HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","","90");
            HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","math","97");
            HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"zkb","course","art","87");
            //add record  baoniu
            HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"baoniu","grade","","4");
            HBaseTest.addRecord(tablename,"baoniu","course","math","89");
             
            System.out.println("===========get one record========");
            HBaseTest.getOneRecord(tablename, "zkb");
             
            System.out.println("===========show all record========");
            HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename);
             
            System.out.println("===========del one record========");
            HBaseTest.delRecord(tablename, "baoniu");
            HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename);
             
            System.out.println("===========show all record========");
            HBaseTest.getAllRecord(tablename);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
}

四、运行截图

　　通过Hbase的Web-UI我们可以看到我们已经创建了表Scores，列族结构如下图所示：

五、执行结果

　　直接在Eclipse中运行，运行结果截屏如下图所示：

六、关于Put

　　以上示例虽然实现了操作，但是针对就插入性能方面却是没有优化，后续的文章将会介绍影响PUT操作的性能和PUT的集中方法，作为Hbase性能调优的专题。