【脑电信号】基于matlab GUI小波变换癫痫脑电信号特征提取及分析【含Matlab源码 1154期】

一、小波变换简介

小波变换是从20世纪80年代起逐渐发展成熟的一项数学应用技术，具有对时间—频率的双重分析和多分辨率分析能力，目前已经广泛应用于图像处理、模式识别等多个领域。小波变换的窗口大小固定但形状可改变，因此能够满足时域—频域局部化分析要求[22]。离散小波变换比连续小波变换的去噪效果更好，更适用于实际应用。

小波变换首先通过分解信号，使信号的能量集中在一些大的小波系数中，而噪声的能量分布于整个小波域内；然后通过阈值降噪，选择合适的阈值将有用信号的系数保留，将噪声信号的系数置零，从而去除噪声；最后再对经过阈值降噪后的系数进行重构，得到去除噪声后的信号。

常用的小波基函数有Meyer小波、Coiflet(coif N）小波、Daubechies(db N）小波等[9]。为得到较好的去噪效果，所选取的小波基函数在对心电信号进行分解时，应尽量保留心电信号中的有用分量，同时使噪声分解对应的小波系数差异尽可能大。Coiflet4小波基与心电信号的波形最为相似，同时与输出信号具有良好的相关性，重构后的信号信噪比大、均方误差小，因此本文选用Coiflet4小波基进行小波分解。

二、部分源代码

function varargout = mainGUI(varargin)
% MAINGUI MATLAB code for mainGUI.fig
%      MAINGUI, by itself, creates a new MAINGUI or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = MAINGUI returns the handle to a new MAINGUI or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      MAINGUI('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in MAINGUI.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      MAINGUI('Property','Value',...) creates a new MAINGUI or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before mainGUI_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to mainGUI_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help mainGUI% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 26-Mar-2021 12:46:25% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @mainGUI_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn',  @mainGUI_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before mainGUI is made visible.
function mainGUI_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to mainGUI (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for mainGUI
handles.output = hObject;% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes mainGUI wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = mainGUI_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton1.
function pushbutton1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
global x
[filename,pathname]=uigetfile({'*.xlsx';'*.csv';'*.txt';'*.'},'载入文件');
set( handles.edit1,'String',strcat(pathname,filename));
data=xlsread(strcat(pathname,filename));
x=data';
axes(handles.axes1)
plot(x);
axis tight
grid on
title('原始癫痫脑电信号')
xlabel('采样点');
ylabel('幅值/mV');
msgbox('数据导入已完成！')% --- Executes on selection change in popupmenu1.
function popupmenu1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: contents = cellstr(get(hObject,'String')) returns popupmenu1 contents as cell array
%        contents{get(hObject,'Value')} returns selected item from popupmenu1% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function popupmenu1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to popupmenu1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: popupmenu controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
function varargout = jiemian(varargin)
% JIEMIAN MATLAB code for jiemian.fig
%      JIEMIAN, by itself, creates a new JIEMIAN or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = JIEMIAN returns the handle to a new JIEMIAN or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      JIEMIAN('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in JIEMIAN.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      JIEMIAN('Property','Value',...) creates a new JIEMIAN or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before jiemian_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to jiemian_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help jiemian% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 29-Jul-2020 18:27:56% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @jiemian_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn',  @jiemian_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before jiemian is made visible.
function jiemian_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to jiemian (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for jiemian
handles.output = hObject;% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes jiemian wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.figure1);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = jiemian_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;function edit1_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit1 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit1 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit1_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit1 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end
ha=axes('units','normalized','pos',[0 0 1 1]);
uistack(ha,'down');
ii=imread('105.jpg');
image(ii);
colormap gray
set(ha,'handlevisibility','off','visible','on');if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
endfunction edit2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Hints: get(hObject,'String') returns contents of edit2 as text
%        str2double(get(hObject,'String')) returns contents of edit2 as a double% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function edit2_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to edit2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called% Hint: edit controls usually have a white background on Windows.
%       See ISPC and COMPUTER.
if ispc && isequal(get(hObject,'BackgroundColor'), get(0,'defaultUicontrolBackgroundColor'))set(hObject,'BackgroundColor','white');
end% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton2.
function pushbutton2_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton2 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
userChar = get( handles.edit1, 'string' );
passChar = get( handles.edit2,'string' );
accountNumber = '20171008189'; % 默认账号
keyWord = 'dfgdbfd697';     % 默认密码
n = find( strcmp(accountNumber, {userChar}),1 ); % 判断输入的用户名和默认值是否一致。如果一致，则 n 非空if ~isempty( n ) && strcmp( keyWord,{passChar} )h = msgbox( '欢迎进入脑电信号处理系统！' );uiwait( h );delete( gcf ); % 关闭当前的用户登录界面bishe%调用数据GUIelseerrordlg( '账号或密码错误，请重新输入！' );
end% --- Executes on button press in pushbutton3.
function pushbutton3_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to pushbutton3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
close% --- Executes during object creation, after setting all properties.
function text3_CreateFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to text3 (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    empty - handles not created until after all CreateFcns called

三、运行结果

四、matlab版本及参考文献

1 matlab版本
2014a

2 参考文献
[1] 沈再阳.精通MATLAB信号处理[M].清华大学出版社，2015.
[2]高宝建,彭进业,王琳,潘建寿.信号与系统——使用MATLAB分析与实现[M].清华大学出版社，2020.
[3]王文光,魏少明,任欣.信号处理与系统分析的MATLAB实现[M].电子工业出版社，2018.
[4]徐洁.基于小波分析的脉搏波信号处理[J].电子设计工程. 2013,21(11)