本文将详细讲解使用node+koa2+mysql搭建博客后台的全过程。

开发环境

• node 8.3.0及以上
• npm 5.3.0及以上
• mysql 5.7.21

具体的环境配置可查看我的上一篇文章

准备工作

• npm下载pm2(进程守护)，并设置全局变量
• 创建博客需要的数据库与表
  1. 开启mysql并创建数据库test: create database test;
  2. 切换到数据库testuse tests;，输入命令创建以下数据表:

//系统管理员表 t_user
CREATE TABLE `t_user` (`uid` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '姓名',`password` varchar(50) NOT NULL COMMENT '密码',`create_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '注册时间',`update_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间',`is_delete` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0',PRIMARY KEY (`uid`),UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;//笔记本表 t_note
CREATE TABLE `t_note` (`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`name` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '笔记本名',`uid` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT 'uid',`create_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '创建时间',`update_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间',`is_delete` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0',PRIMARY KEY (`id`),UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`) USING BTREE
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;//博客记录表 t_blog
CREATE TABLE `t_blog` (`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`title` varchar(200) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '标题',`uid` int(11) DEFAULT '1' COMMENT 'uid',`content` text COMMENT '内容',`create_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '注册时间',`update_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间',`note_id` varchar(45) DEFAULT NULL,`publish` tinyint(4) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否发布',`brief` text,`is_delete` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '是否删除',`ext_info` text,PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;//图片上传记录表 t_img
CREATE TABLE `t_img` (`id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,`uid` int(11) NOT NULL COMMENT 'uid',`create_time` datetime NOT NULL COMMENT '注册时间',`update_time` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间',`name` varchar(40) DEFAULT NULL,`is_delete` tinyint(1) DEFAULT '0',PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=0  DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;复制代码

node后台目录创建及npm包安装

• 创建项目文件夹server,进入文件夹后初始化项目npm init。
• 在项目下创建以下文件夹和文件
• 安装以下依赖包:
  1. koa node框架
  2. koa-bodyparser 表单解析中间件
  3. koa-router 路由框架
  4. koa-session 基于koa的session模块
  5. mysql 数据库
  6. md5 md5加密
  7. async-busboy 带文件的表单解析模块
  8. is 数据格式校验插件

node连接mysql

db/index.js配置文件如下：

var mysql = require('mysql');
let config = {host     : 'localhost',user     : 'root',password : '123456',database : 'test',port:3306,multipleStatements: true//允许多条sql同时执行
};
let pool = mysql.createPool(config);
let query = (sql, values) => {return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {pool.getConnection((err, connection) => {if (err) {reject(err)} else {connection.query(sql, values, (err, rows) => {if (err) {reject(err)} else {resolve(rows)}connection.end()})}})})
};
module.exports = {query
}
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其他配置

• 框架公用方法，包括参数校验、登录态校验等。config/index.js
• 框架接口返回码规范 config/tip.js

路由 Rouer

以上配置完成后，便可以开始写设计路由了。

引入相关配置

const router = require('koa-router')();
const Utils = require('../utils');
const Tips = require('../utils/tip');
const db = require('../db');
复制代码

根据表设计路由

• user表 -> user.js 管理员管理，可登录、查询登录态、退出登录
• note表 -> note.js 笔记本管理，可添加、修改、删除，查询笔记本列表
• blog表 -> blog.js 博客管理 可添加、修改、删除、查询博客列表。每篇博客必须关联对应的笔记本。可根据笔记本查询博客列表
• img表 -> img.js 图片管理，可上传、删除、查询图片列表

具体路由部分实现内容

注意：所有的删除操作均为将表字段is_delete设置为1即可，方便恢复数据

• user.js 管理员

  1. 登录

      router.post('/oa/login', async (ctx, next) => {let data = Utils.filter(ctx.request.body, ['name', 'password']);let res = Utils.formatData(data,[{key:'name',type:'string'},{key:'password',type:'string'}]);if(!res) return ctx.body = Tips[1007];let { name, password } = data;let sql = 'SELECT uid FROM t_user WHERE name=? and password=? and is_delete=0', value = [name, md5(password)];await db.query(sql, value).then(res => {if (res && res.length > 0) {let val = res[0];let uid  = val['uid']ctx.session.uid = uid;ctx.cookies.set('uid', uid, {maxAge:86400000,httpOnly: true});ctx.body = {...Tips[0],data:{uid}};} else {ctx.body = Tips[1006];}}).catch(e => {ctx.body = Tips[1002];})});复制代码

  1. 查询登录信息

  router.get('/oa/user/auth', async (ctx, next) => {let uid = ctx.session.uid;let sql = 'SELECT name,uid,nick_name FROM t_user WHERE uid=? AND is_delete=0', value = [uid];await db.query(sql, value).then(res => {if (res && res.length > 0) {ctx.body = { ...Tips[0], data: res[0] };} else {ctx.body = Tips[1005];}}).catch(e => {ctx.body = Tips[1005];})
  });
  复制代码

• note.js 笔记本管理

  1. 创建笔记本

  router.post('/oa/user/addNote',async (ctx,next)=>{let data = Utils.filter(ctx.request.body, ['name']);let {name} = data, uid = ctx.session.uid;let res = Utils.formatData(data, [{key: 'name', type: 'string'}]);if (! res) return ctx.body = Tips[1007];let create_time = Utils.formatCurrentTime();let sql = `INSERT INTO t_note(name,uid,create_time) VALUES(?,?,?)`,value = [name, uid, create_time];await db.query(sql, value).then(res => {let {insertId: id} = res;if (id) {ctx.body = {...Tips[0],data: {id}}} else {ctx.body = Tips[1002]}}).catch(e => {if(+e.errno === 1062){//笔记本不能重复ctx.body = {code: 1010,msg: '笔记本已存在！'};}else{ctx.body = Tips[1002]}})
  });
  复制代码

  1. （分页）查询笔记本列表

  router.get('/oa/user/myNote', async (ctx, next) => {let data = Utils.filter(ctx.request.query, ['pageSize', 'pageNum', 'type']), uid = ctx.session.uid;let res = Utils.formatData(data, [{key: 'type', type: 'number'},]);if (! res) return ctx.body = Tips[1007];let {pageSize = 15, pageNum = 1, type = 0} = data;pageSize = Number(pageSize);pageNum = Number(pageNum);let offset = (pageNum - 1) * pageSize;let sql1 = `SELECT count(1) FROM  t_note WHERE uid=${uid} AND is_delete=0;`,sql= `SELECT name,id,create_time,update_time  FROM  t_note WHERE uid=${uid} AND is_delete=0 ORDER BY create_time DESC`;if(+type === 1){sql += ` limit ${offset},${pageSize};`}await db.query(sql1+sql).then(async result => {let res1 = result[0],res2 = result[1],total = 0,list = []if(res1 && res1.length >0 && res2 && res2.length >0){total = res1[0]['count(1)']list = res2}ctx.body = {...Tips[0],data: {list,pageSize,total}};}).catch(e => {ctx.body = Tips[1002];})});
  复制代码

• blog.js 博客

  1. 创建博客

  router.post('/oa/user/addBlog', async (ctx, next) => {let data = Utils.filter(ctx.request.body, ['title', 'content', 'tag_id', 'note_id', 'brief', 'publish', 'create_time']),uid = ctx.session.uid;let res = Utils.formatData(data, [{key: 'note_id', type: 'number'},{key: 'title', type: 'string'},{key: 'brief', type: 'string'},{key: 'content', type: 'string'},{key: 'publish', type: 'number'}]);if (! res) return ctx.body = Tips[1007];let {title = '无标题', content = '', note_id = '', brief = '', publish = 0, create_time = ''} = data;create_time = Utils.formatCurrentTime(create_time);let sql = `INSERT INTO t_blog(title,content,note_id,create_time,uid,brief,publish) VALUES (?,?,?,?,?,?,?)`,value = [title, content, note_id, create_time, uid, brief, publish];await db.query(sql, value).then(async res => {let {insertId: id} = res;ctx.body = {...Tips[0],data: {id}}}).catch(e => {ctx.body = Tips[1002];});});
  复制代码

  1. 分页查询博客，与笔记本列表查询类似

• img.js 图片管理

  1. 上传图片

  router.post('/oa/user/upFiles', async (ctx, next) => {try {let data = await asyncBusboy(ctx.req), uid = ctx.session.uid;let { files = [] } = data;if(files.length === 0) return ctx.body = Tips[1002];let file = files[0];let { mimeType = '', filename, path: filepath } = file;if(mimeType.indexOf('image') === -1) return ctx.body = Tips[1002];let name = Date.now() + '.' + filename.split('.').pop();let savePath = path.join(__dirname, `../../img/${name}`);try {let create_time = Utils.formatCurrentTime();let sql = 'INSERT INTO t_user_img(name,uid,create_time) VALUES (?,?,?)', value = [name, uid, create_time];await db.query(sql, value).then(res => {let img = fs.readFileSync(filepath);fs.writeFileSync(savePath, img);fs.unlinkSync(filepath);//清除缓存文件ctx.body = {...Tips[0], data: { name }};}).catch(() => {ctx.body = Tips[1002];})} catch (e) {ctx.body = Tips[1005];}} catch (e) {ctx.body = Tips[1002];}
  });
  复制代码

  2.删除图片

  router.post('/oa/user/removeImg', async (ctx, next) => {let data = Utils.filter(ctx.request.body, ['name']), uid = ctx.session.uid;let res = Utils.formatData(data, [{ key: 'name', type: 'string' }]);if (!res) return ctx.body = Tips[1007];let { name } = data;let sql = 'UPDATE t_user_img set is_delete=1 WHERE name=? AND uid=?;', value = [name, uid];await db.query(sql, value).then(res => {fs.unlinkSync(path.join(__dirname, `../../img/${name}`));//清除缓存文件ctx.body = Tips[0];}).catch(() => {ctx.body = Tips[1002];})});
  复制代码

  1. 图片列表查询同笔记本列表查询

路由统一管理

router/index.js将所有的路由集成并挂载至app.js

• router/index.js

  const user = require('./user');
  const note = require('./note');
  const blog = require('./blog');
  const img = require('./img');
  module.exports = function(app){app.use(user.routes()).use(user.allowedMethods());app.use(note.routes()).use(note.allowedMethods());app.use(blog.routes()).use(blog.allowedMethods());app.use(img.routes()).use(img.allowedMethods());
  }复制代码

• app.js(对需要登录的路由统一管理)

  const http = require('http');
  const koa = require('koa');
  const etag = require('koa-etag');
  const session = require('koa-session');
  const bodyParser = require('koa-bodyparser');
  const errorHandler = require('koa-error');
  const compress = require('koa-compress');
  const PORT = process.env.PORT || 8080;
  const koaBody = require('koa-body');
  const app = new koa();
  const Utils = require('./utils');
  const router = require('./router');
  app.keys = ['session@&'];app.use(session({key: 'abc::sess',maxAge: 86400000,overwrite: true,httpOnly: true,signed: true,rolling: false
  }, app));
  app.use(koaBody());
  app.use(async(ctx, next) => {let {url = ''} = ctx;if(url.indexOf('/oa/user/') >-1){//需要校验登录态let check = Utils.checkLogin(ctx);if(check.code != 0) return ctx.body = check;}await next();});
  app.use(errorHandler());
  app.use(bodyParser());app.use(etag());// compressor
  app.use(compress({filter: contentType => /text|javascript/i.test(contentType),threshold: 2048
  }));
  router(app);
  http.createServer(app.callback()).listen(PORT);
  log('server is running on port: %s', PORT);
  复制代码

以上便是后台搭建全过程，点此查看后台源码。

阅读原文

前端项目源码