Android端同单片机利用蓝牙模块的通信实现

这次期末的课程设计做了一个智能灯光控制系统，系统整体的功能不在此赘述，系统主要是要实现下位机同上位机的通信，上位机选用的是Android手机端，下位机是52单片机，通过蓝牙模块实现通信。虽然系统很简单，但还是第一次完成的走完从下位机数据采集，数据传输，再到上位机的处理这个流程，故在这里做一个记录，也希望能够帮到有需要的人。

一、下位机通信

下位机选用的是52单片机，数据来自几个传感器，传感器采集到数据后通过串口发送到蓝牙模块，然后蓝牙模块发送到上位机。因代码量较大，所以只在这里贴出传输有关的函数。

//利用串口发送一个字符
void SendOneByte(unsigned char c)
{SBUF = c;while(!TI);TI = 0;
}
//重写putchar函数，就可以直接调用printf（）函数向串口发送数据，程序自动将printf（）中的数据转换成char调用putchar发送
char putchar(char ch)
{ES=0;SBUF=ch;while(!TI);TI=0;ES=1;return 0;
}
//初始化串口
void InitUART()
{TMOD = 0x20;PCON = 0x00;SCON = 0x50;    TH1 = 0xFD;TL1 = 0xFD;TR1 = 1;ES = 1;EA = 1;
}
//串口中断
void UARTInterrupt() interrupt 4
{//RI为1则表示串口接收到数据if(RI){RI = 0;r_buf = SBUF;//价格SBUF中的数据赋给r_buf,然后就可以对数据进行处理      }
}
void main()
{InitUART();while(1){}
}

二、蓝牙模块

蓝牙模块我选用的是HC-05，这个模块我之前也没用使用过，查询了一些资料后就能够上手了，感觉还是很好用。模块有六个引脚，如果用的是带一个小按钮的HC-05，EN就不用接；然后VCC和GND分别接电源和地；TXD 和 RXD在配置AT指令的时候分别接单片机的TXD和RXD，但是在正常使用时，HC-05的TXD和RXD分别接单片机的RXD和TXD，这个需要注意；还有一个引脚是state，当有蓝牙连接的时候会置1，将其随意连接到单片机的引脚上。

使用前先利用AT指令集配置模块，设置波特率和主从模式等，然后就可以连线使用。连接后蓝牙模块会进入快闪模式，进入AT指令集后会进入慢闪模式，当有蓝牙设备连接后会进入双闪模式。

三、Android端程序

Android端主要就是接受数据，做出一定处理，还需发送指令给单片机。我用的代码也是在网上找的然后又做了一些修改，源代码出处找不到了。主要代码如下：

1、DeveiceListActivity类

public class DeviceListActivity extends Activity {// 调试用private static final String TAG = "DeviceListActivity";private static final boolean D = true;// 返回时数据标签public static String EXTRA_DEVICE_ADDRESS = "设备地址";// 成员域private BluetoothAdapter mBtAdapter;private ArrayAdapter<String> mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter;private ArrayAdapter<String> mNewDevicesArrayAdapter;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);// 创建并显示窗口requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_INDETERMINATE_PROGRESS);  //设置窗口显示模式为窗口方式setContentView(R.layout.device_list);// 设定默认返回值为取消setResult(Activity.RESULT_CANCELED);// 设定扫描按键响应Button scanButton = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_scan);scanButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {public void onClick(View v) {doDiscovery();v.setVisibility(View.GONE);}});// 初使化设备存储数组mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.device_name);mNewDevicesArrayAdapter = new ArrayAdapter<String>(this, R.layout.device_name);// 设置已配队设备列表ListView pairedListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.paired_devices);pairedListView.setAdapter(mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter);pairedListView.setOnItemClickListener(mDeviceClickListener);// 设置新查找设备列表ListView newDevicesListView = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.new_devices);newDevicesListView.setAdapter(mNewDevicesArrayAdapter);newDevicesListView.setOnItemClickListener(mDeviceClickListener);// 注册接收查找到设备action接收器IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND);this.registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);// 注册查找结束action接收器filter = new IntentFilter(BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED);this.registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);// 得到本地蓝牙mBtAdapter = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();}@Overrideprotected void onDestroy() {super.onDestroy();// 关闭服务查找if (mBtAdapter != null) {mBtAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}// 注销action接收器this.unregisterReceiver(mReceiver);}public void OnCancel(View v){finish();}/*** 开始服务和设备查找*/private void doDiscovery() {if (D)Log.d(TAG, "doDiscovery()");// 在窗口显示查找中信息setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(true);setTitle("查找设备中...");// 显示其它设备（未配对设备）列表findViewById(R.id.title_new_devices).setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);// 关闭再进行的服务查找if (mBtAdapter.isDiscovering()) {mBtAdapter.cancelDiscovery();}//并重新开始mBtAdapter.startDiscovery();}// 选择设备响应函数private OnItemClickListener mDeviceClickListener = new OnItemClickListener() {public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> av, View v, int arg2, long arg3) {// 准备连接设备，关闭服务查找mBtAdapter.cancelDiscovery();// 得到mac地址String info = ((TextView) v).getText().toString();String address = info.substring(info.length() - 17);// 设置返回数据Intent intent = new Intent();intent.putExtra(EXTRA_DEVICE_ADDRESS, address);// 设置返回值并结束程序setResult(Activity.RESULT_OK, intent);finish();}};// 查找到设备和搜索完成action监听器private final BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new BroadcastReceiver() {@Overridepublic void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {String action = intent.getAction();// 查找到设备actionif (BluetoothDevice.ACTION_FOUND.equals(action)) {// 得到蓝牙设备BluetoothDevice device = intent.getParcelableExtra(BluetoothDevice.EXTRA_DEVICE);// 如果是已配对的则略过，已得到显示，其余的在添加到列表中进行显示if (device.getBondState() != BluetoothDevice.BOND_BONDED) {mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());}else{  //添加到已配对设备列表mPairedDevicesArrayAdapter.add(device.getName() + "\n" + device.getAddress());}// 搜索完成action} else if (BluetoothAdapter.ACTION_DISCOVERY_FINISHED.equals(action)) {setProgressBarIndeterminateVisibility(false);setTitle("选择要连接的设备");if (mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.getCount() == 0) {String noDevices = "没有找到新设备";mNewDevicesArrayAdapter.add(noDevices);}}}};
}

2、Client类

public class BTClient extends Activity {private final static int REQUEST_CONNECT_DEVICE = 1;    //宏定义查询设备句柄private final static String MY_UUID = "00001101-0000-1000-8000-00805F9B34FB";   //SPP服务UUID号private InputStream is;    //输入流，用来接收蓝牙数据private EditText edit0;    //发送数据输入句柄private TextView lightSwitch;private TextView lightStrength;private TextView lightMode;private TextView lightPower;private String switchMsg= "";private String strengthMsg= "";private String modeMsg= "";BluetoothDevice _device = null;     //蓝牙设备BluetoothSocket _socket = null;      //蓝牙通信socketboolean bRun = true;boolean bThread = false;boolean timesign=false;private BluetoothAdapter _bluetooth = BluetoothAdapter.getDefaultAdapter();    //获取本地蓝牙适配器，即蓝牙设备/** Called when the activity is first created. */@Overridepublic void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);setContentView(R.layout.main);   //设置画面为主画面 main.xmledit0 = (EditText)findViewById(R.id.Edit0);   //得到输入框句柄lightSwitch = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.lightSwitch);lightStrength=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.lightStrength);lightMode=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.lightMode);lightPower=(TextView) findViewById(R.id.lightpower);lightSwitch.setText("关闭");lightStrength.setText("8");lightMode.setText("时间调节模式");lightPower.setText("无数据");//如果打开本地蓝牙设备不成功，提示信息，结束程序if (_bluetooth == null){Toast.makeText(this, "无法打开手机蓝牙，请确认手机是否有蓝牙功能！", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();finish();return;}// 设置设备可以被搜索new Thread(){public void run(){if(_bluetooth.isEnabled()==false){_bluetooth.enable();}}}.start();}//发送按键响应public void onSendButtonClicked(View v){try{OutputStream os = _socket.getOutputStream();   //蓝牙连接输出流modeMsg=edit0.getText().toString();if(modeMsg.equals("1")||modeMsg.equals("2")||modeMsg.equals("3")){if(modeMsg.equals("1")) {lightMode.setText("手动调节模式");lightPower.setText("无数据");timesign=false;}else if(modeMsg.equals("2")) {lightMode.setText("自动调节模式");timesign=false;}else if(modeMsg.equals("3")) {lightMode.setText("时间调节模式");lightPower.setText("无数据");}}if(timesign){final int timec = Integer.valueOf(modeMsg).intValue() * 1000;
//                CountDownTimer cdt = new CountDownTimer(timec, timec) {
//                    @Override
//                    public void onTick(long millisUntilFinished) {
//                    }
//
//                    @Override
//                    public void onFinish() {
//                        edit0.setText("3");
//                    }
//                };
//                cdt.start();try{Thread.currentThread().sleep(timec);} catch (InterruptedException e) {e.printStackTrace();}edit0.setText("3");}if(modeMsg.equals("3")&& !timesign)timesign=true;byte[] bos = edit0.getText().toString().getBytes();edit0.setText("");os.write(bos);}catch(IOException e){}}//接收活动结果，响应startActivityForResult()public void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {switch(requestCode){case REQUEST_CONNECT_DEVICE:     //连接结果，由DeviceListActivity设置返回// 响应返回结果if (resultCode == Activity.RESULT_OK) {   //连接成功，由DeviceListActivity设置返回// MAC地址，由DeviceListActivity设置返回String address = data.getExtras().getString(DeviceListActivity.EXTRA_DEVICE_ADDRESS);// 得到蓝牙设备_device = _bluetooth.getRemoteDevice(address);// 用服务号得到sockettry{_socket = _device.createRfcommSocketToServiceRecord(UUID.fromString(MY_UUID));}catch(IOException e){Toast.makeText(this, "连接失败！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}//连接socketButton btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button03);try{_socket.connect();Toast.makeText(this, "连接"+_device.getName()+"成功！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();btn.setText("断开");}catch(IOException e){try{Toast.makeText(this, "连接失败！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();_socket.close();_socket = null;}catch(IOException ee){Toast.makeText(this, "连接失败！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}return;}//打开接收线程try{is = _socket.getInputStream();   //得到蓝牙数据输入流}catch(IOException e){Toast.makeText(this, "接收数据失败！", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;}if(bThread==false){ReadThread.start();bThread=true;}else{bRun = true;}}break;default:break;}}//接收数据线程Thread ReadThread=new Thread(){public void run(){int num = 0;byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];bRun = true;//接收线程while(true){try{while(is.available()==0){while(bRun == false){}}while(true){num = is.read(buffer);         //读入数据String s=new String(buffer,0,num);switchMsg=s;strengthMsg=s;if(is.available()==0)break;  //短时间没有数据才跳出进行显示}//发送显示消息，进行显示刷新handler.sendMessage(handler.obtainMessage());}catch(IOException e){}}}};//消息处理队列Handler handler= new Handler(){public void handleMessage(Message msg){super.handleMessage(msg);}};//关闭程序掉用处理部分public void onDestroy(){super.onDestroy();if(_socket!=null)  //关闭连接sockettry{_socket.close();}catch(IOException e){}}//连接按键响应函数public void onConnectButtonClicked(View v){if(_bluetooth.isEnabled()==false){  //如果蓝牙服务不可用则提示Toast.makeText(this, " 打开蓝牙中...", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show();return;}//如未连接设备则打开DeviceListActivity进行设备搜索Button btn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.Button03);if(_socket==null){Intent serverIntent = new Intent(this, DeviceListActivity.class); //跳转程序设置startActivityForResult(serverIntent, REQUEST_CONNECT_DEVICE);  //设置返回宏定义}else{try{//关闭连接socket_socket.close();is.close();_socket = null;bRun = false;btn.setText("连接");}catch(IOException e){}}return;}//退出按键响应函数public void onQuitButtonClicked(View v){finish();}
}