centos 安装mysql_Centos 下mysql数据库完整安装过程
1. 检查系统自带的Mysql，并卸载自带的版本
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ config]# yum list installed |grep mysql
mysql.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 @base
mysql-libs.x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 @base
php56w-mysql.x86_64 5.6.40-1.w6 @webtatic
2. 卸载系统自带的mysql及其依赖
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ config]# yum -y remove mysql-libs.x86_64
Loaded plugins: security
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be erased
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: php56w-mysql-5.6.40-1.w6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: php56w-mysql-5.6.40-1.w6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16()(64bit) for package: php56w-mysql-5.6.40-1.w6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16()(64bit) for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: php56w-mysql-5.6.40-1.w6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: libmysqlclient_r.so.16(libmysqlclient_16)(64bit) for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-libs for package: 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-libs = 5.1.73-5.el6_6 for package: mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 will be erased
---> Package php56w-mysql.x86_64 0:5.6.40-1.w6 will be erased
---> Package postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6-6.el6_5 will be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================================
Removing:
mysql-libs x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 @base 4.0 M
Removing for dependencies:
mysql x86_64 5.1.73-5.el6_6 @base 2.4 M
php56w-mysql x86_64 5.6.40-1.w6 @webtatic 457 k
postfix x86_64 2:2.6.6-6.el6_5 @updates 9.7 M
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================
Remove 4 Package(s)
Installed size: 17 M
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Erasing : php56w-mysql-5.6.40-1.w6.x86_64 1/4
Erasing : 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64 2/4
Erasing : mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 3/4
Erasing : mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : mysql-libs-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : php56w-mysql-5.6.40-1.w6.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : mysql-5.1.73-5.el6_6.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : 2:postfix-2.6.6-6.el6_5.x86_64 4/4
Removed:
mysql-libs.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6
Dependency Removed:
mysql.x86_64 0:5.1.73-5.el6_6 php56w-mysql.x86_64 0:5.6.40-1.w6 postfix.x86_64 2:2.6.6-6.el6_5
Complete!
3. 给CentOS添加rpm源，并且选择较新的源
1)下载rpm包
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ software]# wget dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm --no-check-certificate
--2019-03-29 14:45:46-- http://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving dev.mysql.com... 137.254.60.11
Connecting to dev.mysql.com|137.254.60.11|:80... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 301 Moved Permanently
Location: https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm [following]
--2019-03-29 14:45:46-- https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
Connecting to dev.mysql.com|137.254.60.11|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 302 Found
Location: https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm [following]
--2019-03-29 14:45:48-- https://repo.mysql.com//mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com... 104.127.195.16
Connecting to repo.mysql.com|104.127.195.16|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 5824 (5.7K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: “mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm”
100%[==============================================================================================>] 5,824 --.-K/s in 0s
2019-03-29 14:45:48 (506 MB/s) - “mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm” saved [5824/5824]
补充：
如果上面的wget文件下载不了(有同学反馈无法下载)，老徐下了一份在自己的git库，可直接下载 ；
不知道怎么玩Git命令的，翻看前面的git打卡 ；
2)安装本地mysql源
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ software]# yum localinstall mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: security
Setting up Local Package Process
Examining mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm: mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch
Marking mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-release.noarch 0:el6-5 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-release noarch el6-5 /mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch 4.3 k
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Total size: 4.3 k
Installed size: 4.3 k
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch 1/1
Verifying : mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch 1/1
Installed:
mysql-community-release.noarch 0:el6-5
Complete!
3)验证是否安装成功
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ software]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community MySQL Connectors Community enabled: 83
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - S disabled
mysql-tools-community MySQL Tools Community enabled: 74
mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source disabled
mysql55-community MySQL 5.5 Community Server disabled
mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S disabled
mysql56-community MySQL 5.6 Community Server enabled: 493
mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S disabled
mysql57-community-dmr MySQL 5.7 Community Server Dev disabled
mysql57-community-dmr-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server Dev disabled
4)修改默认版本为5.7
如上，默认是5.6版本可用，如果想安装5.7怎么操作？
有如下两个方法：
方法一：
执行：
yum-config-manager --disable mysql56-community
yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community-dmr
如上操作，是把5.6禁用，把5.7启用
此法，会有异常情况：
如果执行命令出现如下错误：
-bash: yum-config-manager: command not found
可用执行如下命令解决，然后继续上面的操作命令：
yum -y install yum-utils
注意：如上操作可能有一部分同学的会出现一些问题；好处是操作简单，两个命令搞定～
如果有问题，底部给老徐留言～
方法二：
直接编辑配置文件，简单、直接，基本不会出现错误～
vi /etc/yum.repos.d/mysql-community.repo
把5.6的enabled=0
把5.7的enabled=1
然后保存就ok
# Enable to use MySQL 5.5
[mysql55-community]
name=MySQL 5.5 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.5-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Enable to use MySQL 5.6
[mysql56-community]
name=MySQL 5.6 Community Server
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.6-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=0
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
# Note: MySQL 5.7 is currently in development. For use at your own risk.
# Please read with sub pages: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/relnotes/mysql/5.7/en/
[mysql57-community-dmr]
name=MySQL 5.7 Community Server Development Milestone Release
baseurl=http://repo.mysql.com/yum/mysql-5.7-community/el/6/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
如上，颜色标记处 。
此时，再执行：
yum repolist all | grep mysql
就可以看到，5.7是启用的
[root@localhost webserver]# yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-connectors-community MySQL Connectors Community 启用: 21
mysql-connectors-community-source MySQL Connectors Community - Sourc 禁用
mysql-tools-community MySQL Tools Community 启用: 38
mysql-tools-community-source MySQL Tools Community - Source 禁用
mysql55-community MySQL 5.5 Community Server 禁用
mysql55-community-source MySQL 5.5 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
mysql56-community MySQL 5.6 Community Server 禁用
mysql56-community-source MySQL 5.6 Community Server - Sourc 禁用
mysql57-community-dmr MySQL 5.7 Community Server Develop 启用: 130
mysql57-community-dmr-source MySQL 5.7 Community Server Develop 禁用
如上 。
OK，至此，基础准备工作完成 。
4. 安装mysql
执行如下命令：
yum install mysql-community-server
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ software]# yum install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: security
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.25-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 5.7.25-1.el6 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.25-1.el6 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 5.7.9 for package: mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.25-1.el6 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.25-1.el6 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
========================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
========================================================================================================================================
Installing:
mysql-community-server x86_64 5.7.25-1.el6 mysql57-community-dmr 153 M
Installing for dependencies:
mysql-community-client x86_64 5.7.25-1.el6 mysql57-community-dmr 23 M
mysql-community-common x86_64 5.7.25-1.el6 mysql57-community-dmr 332 k
mysql-community-libs x86_64 5.7.25-1.el6 mysql57-community-dmr 2.1 M
Transaction Summary
========================================================================================================================================
Install 4 Package(s)
Total download size: 178 M
Installed size: 887 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
(1/4): mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 23 MB 00:01
(2/4): mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 332 kB 00:00
(3/4): mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 2.1 MB 00:00
(4/4): mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 153 MB 00:04
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 32 MB/s | 178 MB 00:05
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 5072e1f5: NOKEY
Retrieving key from file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Importing GPG key 0x5072E1F5:
Userid : MySQL Release Engineering
Package: mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch (@/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch)
From : file:/etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-mysql
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 1/4
Installing : mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 2/4
Installing : mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 3/4
Installing : mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 4/4
Verifying : mysql-community-libs-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 1/4
Verifying : mysql-community-common-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 2/4
Verifying : mysql-community-client-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 3/4
Verifying : mysql-community-server-5.7.25-1.el6.x86_64 4/4
Installed:
mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:5.7.25-1.el6
Dependency Installed:
mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:5.7.25-1.el6 mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:5.7.25-1.el6 mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:5.7.25-1.el6
Complete!
5. 启动mysql
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ software]# service mysqld start
Initializing MySQL database: [ OK ]
Starting mysqld: [ OK ]
6. 查看mysql服务状态
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ software]# service mysqld status
mysqld (pid 7036) is running...
7. 查看mysql 初始密码
mysql5.7之后初始密码不再默认为空
[root@iZ2366ycl7sZ software]# grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2019-03-29T07:09:36.375706Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: xo%LBtyoo2MV
其中，最后的xo%LBtyoo2MV 就是密码
8. 命令行登录mysql ，并修改密码
登录之后 第一步必须先修改密码，
否则其他操作都执行不了。
mysql -u root -p
mysql> show databases;
ERROR 1820 (HY000): You must reset your password using ALTER USER statement before executing this statement.
mysql>
9. 修改密码的方法：
alter user root@localhost identified by 'passwd';
# 'passwd' 里，填写你的新密码 。
新修改的密码中 必须包含 大小写字母数字及符号
比如：isTester123@456
End 。
补充，
安装完Mysql后，接下来的常用操作(合集)
http://istester.com/mysql/433.html
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