关于三层交换机的配置及命令！！！

一、三层交换技术
1、使用三层交换技术实现VLAN间的通信
2、三层交换=二层交换+三层转发
三层交换机通过硬件来交换和路由选择数据包。为了在硬件中处理数据包的高层信息，Cisco Catalyst 交换机使用传统的MLS体系结构或基于CEF的MLS体系结构。
二、传统的MLS2-1
1、三层转发过程中要重新封装2层
三层交换机上，第三层引擎处理数据流第一个包
2、传统的MLS2-2
※交换ASIC从三层引擎中获悉2层重写信息在硬件中创建一个MLS条目
※负责重写和转发数据流中的后续数据包
3、基于CEF的MLS
CEF是一种基于拓扑换发的模型
※转发信息库（FIB）
※邻接关系表
其中FIB是路由表的映像
4、拓扑命令详解：
创建vlan：vlan 10
port link-type access(p l a):设置接口模式access
port default vlan 10(p d v 10):接入接口vlan 10
port link-type trunk(p l t):设置接口模式trunk
port trunk allow-pass vlan 20/all(p t a v a):接入接口vlan 20/all

R1The device is running!<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.7.2 24
Apr  7 2021 19:21:49-08:00 Huawei %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocolIP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.8.1 24
Apr  7 2021 19:22:44-08:00 Huawei %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocolIP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.10.1 24
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]
Apr  7 2021 19:22:59-08:00 Huawei %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocolIP on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]ip route-s
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.70.0 24 192.168.8.2
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.70.0 24 192.168.10.2
[Huawei]ip route-s
[Huawei]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.7.1
[Huawei]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on

R2The device is running!<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R2
[R2]int g0/0/0
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.8.2 24
Apr  7 2021 19:24:06-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.9.1 24
Apr  7 2021 19:24:22-08:00 R2 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on<R2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R2]ip route-s
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.70.0 24 Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on<R2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R2]ip route-s
[R2]ip route-static 192.168.70.0 24 192.168.9.2
[R2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.8.1
[R2]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on

R3The device is running!<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R3
[R3]int g0/0/0
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.10.2 24
Apr  7 2021 19:24:52-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.11.1 24
Apr  7 2021 19:25:15-08:00 R3 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[R3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on<R3>
<R3>
<R3>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R3]ip route-s
[R3]ip route-static 192.168.70.0 24 192.168.11.2
[R3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.10.1
[R3]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on

R4The device is running!<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys R4
[R4]int g0/0/1
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.9.2 24
Apr  7 2021 19:25:48-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[0]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/0
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.11.2 24
Apr  7 2021 19:26:04-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/0 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/2
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.70.1 24
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
Apr  7 2021 19:27:22-08:00 R4 %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[2]:The line protocol IP
on the interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2 has entered the UP state.
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]
[R4-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on<R4>
<R4>
<R4>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[R4]ip route-s
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.9.1
[R4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.11.1
[R4]
[R4]
[R4]Please check whether system data has been changed, and save data in timeConfiguration console time out, please press any key to log on

SW1The device is running!<Huawei>undo ter
<Huawei>undo terminal m
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys LW1
[LW1]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[LW1]int vlanif 10
[LW1-Vlanif10]
[LW1-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[LW1-Vlanif10]int vlanif 20
[LW1-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
[LW1-Vlanif20]int g0/0/2
[LW1-GigabitEthernet0/0/2] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>undo te
<Huawei>undo terminal m
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]int g0/0/2
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p l t
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]p t a v a
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int g0/0/3
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p l t
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]p t a v a
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/3]int g0/0/4
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]p l t
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]p t a v a
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/4]int vlanif 10
[Huawei-Vlanif10]ip add 192.168.1.1 24
[Huawei-Vlanif10]int vlanif 20
[Huawei-Vlanif20]ip add 192.168.2.1 24
[Huawei-Vlanif20]int vlanif 30
[Huawei-Vlanif30]ip add 192.168.3.1 24
[Huawei-Vlanif30]int vlanif 40
[Huawei-Vlanif40]ip add 192.168.4.1 24
[Huawei-Vlanif40]int vlanif 50
[Huawei-Vlanif50]ip add 192.168.5.1 24
[Huawei-Vlanif50]int vlanif 60
[Huawei-Vlanif60]ip add 192.168.6.1 24
[Huawei-Vlanif60] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]dis cu
#
sysname Huawei
#
vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
diffserv domain default
#
drop-profile default
#
aaaauthentication-scheme defaultauthorization-scheme defaultaccounting-scheme defaultdomain defaultdomain default_adminlocal-user admin password simple adminlocal-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
#
interface Vlanif10ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif20ip address 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif30ip address 192.168.3.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif40ip address 192.168.4.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif50ip address 192.168.5.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface Vlanif60ip address 192.168.6.1 255.255.255.0
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/1
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/2port link-type trunkport trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/3port link-type trunkport trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/4port link-type trunkport trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/5
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/6
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/7
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/8
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/9
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/10
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/11
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/12
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/13
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/14
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/15
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/16
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/17
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/18
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/19
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/20
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/21
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/22
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/23
#
interface GigabitEthernet0/0/24
#
interface NULL0
#
user-interface con 0
user-interface vty 0 4
#
return[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]vlan b
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]vlan batch 70
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei]
Apr  7 2021 19:15:36-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 17, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p l a
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]p d v 70
Apr  7 2021 19:16:26-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 18, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
Apr  7 2021 19:16:36-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 19, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]int vlan 70
[Huawei-Vlanif70]
Apr  7 2021 19:19:36-08:00 Huawei %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[0]:Interface Vlanif70
has turned into UP state.
[Huawei-Vlanif70]ip address 192.168.7.1 24
[Huawei-Vlanif70]
Apr  7 2021 19:20:40-08:00 Huawei %%01IFNET/4/LINK_STATE(l)[1]:The line protocolIP on the interface Vlanif70 has entered the UP state.
[Huawei-Vlanif70]
[Huawei-Vlanif70]
Apr  7 2021 19:20:46-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 20, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei-Vlanif70]
[Huawei-Vlanif70]q
[Huawei]int g0/0/1
[Huawei-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
[Huawei]
[Huawei]ip route -s
[Huawei]ip route-s
[Huawei]ip route-static 192.168.70.0 24 192.168.7.2
[Huawei]
Apr  7 2021 19:28:56-08:00 Huawei DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5
.25.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 21, t
he change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[Huawei] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.

SW2The device is running!<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys sw1
[sw1]
Apr  7 2021 16:28:41-08:00 sw1 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw1]
[sw1]sys sw2
[sw2]
Apr  7 2021 16:28:51-08:00 sw2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw2]vlan 10
[sw2-vlan10]
Apr  7 2021 16:37:11-08:00 sw2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw2-vlan10]int e0/0/5
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/5]p l a
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/5]p d v 10
Apr  7 2021 16:37:51-08:00 sw2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/5]p d v 10
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/5]d
Apr  7 2021 16:38:01-08:00 sw2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
Error: Input "dot1x enable" to enable 802.1x.
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/5]
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/5]
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/5]dis this
#
interface Ethernet0/0/5port link-type accessport default vlan 10
#
return
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/5] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<sw2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[sw2]vlan 20
[sw2-vlan20]int
Apr  7 2021 16:52:52-08:00 sw2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[sw2-vlan20]int e0/0/6
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/6]p l a
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/6]
Apr  7 2021 16:53:22-08:00 sw2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/6]
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/6]p d v 20
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/6]
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/6]
Apr  7 2021 16:53:42-08:00 sw2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 11, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/6]q
[sw2]int eth1
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]p l t
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]p t
Apr  7 2021 17:04:32-08:00 sw2 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 12, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.^
Error:Ambiguous command found at '^' position.
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]q
[sw2]q
<sw2>undo ter
<sw2>undo terminal m
<sw2>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<sw2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[sw2]int eth1
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]p l t
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]p t a v a
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]mode
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]mode
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]mode l
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp-static
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]tru
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/4
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw2-Eth-Trunk1]q
[sw2]int e0/0/1
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/1]p l t
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/1] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<sw2>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[sw2]dis cu
#
sysname sw2
#
vlan batch 10 20
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
diffserv domain default
#
drop-profile default
#
aaaauthentication-scheme defaultauthorization-scheme defaultaccounting-scheme defaultdomain defaultdomain default_adminlocal-user admin password simple adminlocal-user admin service-type http
#
interface Vlanif1
#
interface MEth0/0/1
#
interface Eth-Trunk1port link-type trunkport trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094mode lacp-static
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1port link-type trunkport trunk allow-pass vlan 2 to 4094
#
interface Ethernet0/0/2eth-trunk 1
#
interface Ethernet0/0/3eth-trunk 1
#
interface Ethernet0/0/4eth-trunk 1
#
interface Ethernet0/0/5port link-type accessport default vlan 10
#[sw2]
[sw2]
[sw2]dia this^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[sw2]dis this
#
sysname sw2
#
vlan batch 10 20
#
cluster enable
ntdp enable
ndp enable
#
drop illegal-mac alarm
#
return
[sw2]int e0/0/1
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/1]p l t
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[sw2-Ethernet0/0/1] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>undo tim
<Huawei>undo t
<Huawei>undo terminal m
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]int e0/0/5
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]p l a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]p d v 10
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]int e0/0/6
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/6]p l a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/6]p d v 20
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/6]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/6]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p l t
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]int eth 2
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]p l t
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]p t a v a
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]mode l
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]tr
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e 0/0/2 to 0/0/4
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei> User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.

SW3<sw3>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[sw3]int eth2
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]p l t
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]p t a v a
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]
Apr  7 2021 17:20:30-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 12, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]mode
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]mode l
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]mode lacp-static
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]tru
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport
Apr  7 2021 17:21:30-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 13, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.^
Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/5
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/
Apr  7 2021 17:22:30-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 15, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.^
Error: Wrong parameter found at '^' position.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/7
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]
Apr  7 2021 17:26:40-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 16, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]dis eth2^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk2]q
[sw3]int eth1
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]p l t
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]p t a c
Apr  7 2021 17:27:30-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 17, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095^
Error:Ambiguous command found at '^' position.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]p t a v a
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]mode l
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]mode lacp-static
Apr  7 2021 17:27:50-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 18, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]
Apr  7 2021 17:28:00-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 19, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.tru^
Error:Ambiguous command found at '^' position.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]tru
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]
Apr  7 2021 17:28:15-08:00 sw3 %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[0]:Interface Eth-Trunk1 h
as turned into UP state.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]
Apr  7 2021 17:28:20-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 20, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/4
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]
Apr  7 2021 17:28:30-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 21, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/6
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]
Apr  7 2021 17:28:40-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 22, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-Eth-Trunk1]q
[sw3]int e0/0/1
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/1]p l t
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/1]
Apr  7 2021 17:29:30-08:00 sw3 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 24, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw3-Ethernet0/0/1]
Apr  7 2021 17:30:54-08:00 sw3 %%01IFNET/4/IF_STATE(l)[1]:Interface Eth-Trunk2 h
as turned into UP state. User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>
<Huawei>undo t
<Huawei>undo terminal m
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]int e0/0/8
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/8]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/8]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/8]p l a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/8]p d v 30
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/8]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p l a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p d v 40
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]dis this
#
interface Ethernet0/0/1port link-type accessport default vlan 40
#
return
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]undo port default vlan
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]undo port link-type
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p l t
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]int e0/0/9
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/9]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/9]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/9]p l a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/9]p d v 40
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/9]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/9]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/9]int eth1
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]p l t
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]p t a v a
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]mode l
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]tru
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/7
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e0/0/5
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]int eth 2
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]p l t
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]p t a v a
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]mode l
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]tr
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/6
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/8
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...
Error: The port has other configurations. Please clear them first.
The error port is Ethernet0/0/8.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/4
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2]dis eth 2
Eth-Trunk2's state information is:
Local:
LAG ID: 2                   WorkingMode: STATIC
Preempt Delay: Disabled     Hash arithmetic: According to SIP-XOR-DIP
System Priority: 32768      System ID: 4c1f-cca6-21b5
Least Active-linknumber: 1  Max Active-linknumber: 8
Operate status: down        Number Of Up Port In Trunk: 0
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName          Status   PortType PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState Weight
Ethernet0/0/2          Unselect 100M     32768   3      545     10100010  1
Ethernet0/0/6          Unselect 100M     32768   7      545     10100010  1
Ethernet0/0/4          Unselect 100M     32768   5      545     10100010  1     Partner:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActorPortName          SysPri   SystemID        PortPri PortNo PortKey PortState
Ethernet0/0/2          0        0000-0000-0000  0       0      0       10100011
Ethernet0/0/6          0        0000-0000-0000  0       0      0       10100011
Ethernet0/0/4          0        0000-0000-0000  0       0      0       10100011[Huawei-Eth-Trunk2] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>
Apr  7 2021 19:27:21-08:00 Huawei %%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[0]:    Ethernet0/0/9: change
status to down
Apr  7 2021 19:27:22-08:00 Huawei %%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[1]:    Ethernet0/0/9: change
status to up
<Huawei>
<Huawei> User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.

SW4The device is running!<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]sys sw4
[sw4]
Apr  7 2021 16:59:20-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 4, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4]vlan 50
[sw4-vlan50]int e
Apr  7 2021 16:59:40-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 5, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
[sw4-vlan50]int e0/0/5
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/5]p l a
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/5]
Apr  7 2021 17:00:20-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 6, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/5]p d v 50
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/5]
Apr  7 2021 17:00:40-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 7, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.q
[sw4]q
<sw4>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[sw4]vlan 60
[sw4-vlan60]int e0/0/6
Apr  7 2021 17:01:10-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 8, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/6]p l a
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/6]p d v
Apr  7 2021 17:02:00-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 9, the c
hange loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.60
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/6]p d v 60
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/6]di
Apr  7 2021 17:02:10-08:00 sw4 DS/4/DATASYNC_CFGCHANGE:OID 1.3.6.1.4.1.2011.5.25
.191.3.1 configurations have been changed. The current change number is 10, the
change loop count is 0, and the maximum number of records is 4095.s^
Error:Incomplete command found at '^' position.
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/6]dis this
#
interface Ethernet0/0/6port link-type accessport default vlan 60
#
return
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/6] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<sw4>
<sw4>undo ter
<sw4>undo terminal m
<sw4>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<sw4>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[sw4]int eth2
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]p l t
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]p t a v a
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]mode l
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]mode lacp-static
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]tru
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/2
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/3
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]trunkport e0/0/4
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[sw4-Eth-Trunk2]q
[sw4]int e0/0/1
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/1]p l t
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[sw4-Ethernet0/0/1] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys\^
Error: Unrecognized command found at '^' position.
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]q
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>undo te
<Huawei>undo terminal m
<Huawei>undo terminal monitor
Info: Current terminal monitor is off.
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>
<Huawei>sys
Enter system view, return user view with Ctrl+Z.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]vlan batch 10 20 30 40 50 60
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei]
[Huawei]
[Huawei]int e0/0/5
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]p l a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]p d v 50
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/5]int e0/0/6
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/6]p l a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/6]p d v 60
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/6]int e0/0/1
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p l t
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]p t a v a
[Huawei-Ethernet0/0/1]int eth 1
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]p l t
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]p t a v a
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]mode
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]mode l
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]tr
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]trunkport e 0/0/2 to 0/0/4
Info: This operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment...done.
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1]
[Huawei-Eth-Trunk1] User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.<Huawei>
<Huawei>
Apr  7 2021 19:33:54-08:00 Huawei %%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[0]:    Ethernet0/0/4: change
status to down
Apr  7 2021 19:33:55-08:00 Huawei %%01PHY/1/PHY(l)[1]:    Ethernet0/0/4: change
status to up User interface con0 is availablePlease Press ENTER.

实验拓展

广播域的概念
在传统的交换式以太网中，所有的用户都在同一个广播域中，当网络规模较大时，广播 包的数量会急剧增加，当广播包的数量占到总量的 30%时，网络的传输效率将会明显下降。 特别是当某网络设备出现故障后，就会不停地向网络发送广播，从而导致广播风暴，使网络通信陷于瘫痪，那么如何解决这个问题

分割广播域

物理分割：将网络从物理上划分为若干个小网络，再使用能隔离广播的路由设备将不同 的网络连接起来实现通信。
逻辑分割：将网络从逻辑上划分为若干个小的虚拟网络，即 VLAN。VLAN 工作在 OSI 参考模型的数据链路层，一个 VLAN 就是一个交换网络，其中的所有用户都在同一个广播域中，各 VLAN 通过路由设备连接实现通信

vlan概述
VLAN(Virtual Local Area Network)，中文称为虚拟局域网。是一组逻辑上隔离的设备和用户。这些设备和用户不受物理位置限制，可根据部门或组等进行灵活划分，保障信息安全， 同时隔绝广播信息，提升网络效能，防止广播风暴的产生

vlan的优势
控制广播
每个 VLAN 都是一个独立的广播域，这样就减少了广播对网络带宽的占用，提高了网络传输效率，并且一个 VLAN 出现了广播风暴不会影响其他的 VLAN。

增强网络安全性
由于只能在同一 VLAN 内的端口之间交换数据，不同 VLAN 的端口之间不能直接访问， 因此 VLAN 可以限制个别主机访问服务器等资源。所以，通过划分 VLAN 可以提高网络的安全性

简化网络管理
一个 VLAN 可以根据部门职能、对象组或应用将不同地理位置的用户划分为一个逻辑网段，在不改动网络物理连接的情况下可以任意地将工作站在工作组 或子网之间移动。利用 VLAN 技术，大大减轻了网络管理和维护工作的负担，降低了网络维护的费用

vlan的种类
静态vlan（重点，用的最多的就是静态vlan）
静态 VLAN 也称基于端口的 VLAN，是目前最常见的 VLAN 实现方式。 静态 VLAN 即明确指定交换机的端口属于哪个 VLAN，这需要网络管理员手动配置。当用户主机连接到交换机端口上时，就被分配到了对应的 VLAN 中
动态vlan
静态vlan通过将接口加入vlan来分配对应的vlan，接入到这个接口的都属于这个vlan
但动态vlan不同，他是基于mac地址的vlan，他把mac地址跟vlan对应，只要是这个mac地址的设备就属于这个vlan，而不管我是接在哪个接口上

vlan表
dis vlan
可以看到vlan id号，和一个vlan中包含哪些接口

vlan范围（0-4095共4096个）
1-4094可用的
默认存在VLAN1,且默认的所有接口属于vlan1，vlan1不需要创建也无法删除
[sw1]undo vlan 1
Error: VLAN 1 is system default VLAN, can not be deleted.

配置vlan的步骤
创建VLAN
进入接口指定接口的模式
将交换机的端口加入到相应的VLAN中

[SW1]vlan 10
[SW1-vlan10]int e0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type access
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port default vlan 10

一次性创建多个vlan
vlan batch 10 20 //只创建vlan10和vlan20
vlan batch 10 to 20 //创建vlan10到vlan20

一次性将多个接口加入同一个vlan
[Huawei]port-group caiwu    //将接口组起名为caiwu也可以是1-32的数字
[Huawei-port-group-caiwu]group-member e0/0/1 e0/0/3   //将e0/0/1和e0/0/3加入caiwu组，如果是e0/0/1 to e0/0/3则代表e0/0/2也加入了caiwu组
[Huawei-port-group-caiwu]port link-type access
[Huawei-port-group-caiwu]port default vlan 10

删除vlan
先把接口退出vlan，再undo删除vlan，不要直接删除vlan（undo vlan xx）因为可能有多个接口在vlan中，直接删除vlan就都没有了
[sw1-Ethernet0/0/2]undo port default vlan
[sw1-Ethernet0/0/2]undo port link-type

查看vlan
1、dis vlan
2、dis vlan 10

查看vlan的接口类型
[sw1]dis port vlan
Port                    Link Type    PVID  Trunk VLAN List
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ethernet0/0/1           access       10    -                                   
Ethernet0/0/2           access       20    -                                   
Ethernet0/0/3           access       10    -

trunk
如何实现跨交换机之间的vlan通信
场景：比如说把公司分为好几个部门，每个部门划分在一个vlan当中，但是现在的问题是部门较多，于是在不同的交换机上划分了vlan，相同的vlan跨越了交换机之后如何通信，中间互联的接口还如何配置vlan？

vlan跨交换机通信过程
VLAN的作用是分割广播域，处于不同VLAN的端口在二层无法通信。两台交换机处于同一VLAN间的端口要想通信，需要用线连接起来。VLAN最多可以设定4000多个，两台交换机之间当然不可能连4000多根线。因此用一根骨干链路Trunk来连接两台交换机，作用就是让两台交换机上处于相同VLAN的端口能互相通信。Trunk上用特殊的封装方式来支持转发不同的VLAN的帧。

vlan标识
IEEE 802.1q

在帧的协议号前增加一个tag的标签字段
tag由TPID和TCI组成。TPID（Tag Protocol Iidentifier）值为0x8100表示802.1Q。TCI（Tag Control Information）指定VLAN的Priority，CFI（固定为0），VLAN ID。

为何要封装呢？因为Trunk上允许转发不同VLAN的帧，所以需要打上特殊标记来区分帧到底属于哪个VLAN。比如收到VLAN2的帧后打上个VLAN2的标记，通过Trunk链路转发出去，对方交换机收到帧后，发现是VLAN2的帧，就将VLAN2的标记去掉后发送到VLAN2的端口。这样就实现了相同VLAN在不同交换机间的通信。封装协议通常是802.1Q和ISL（思科私有）。

配置trunk
[SW1]vlan 10
[SW1-vlan10]int e0/0/1
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port link-type trunk
[SW1-Ethernet0/0/1]port trunk allow-pass vlan all    //允许所有vlan通行

交换机三种接口模式（简）
access：接入链路
trunk：中继链路
hybrid：默认

配置单臂路由：
[R1]int g0/0/1.10   //进入子接口
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]d t v 10      //dot1q  temination vid 10  打上vlan10的标记
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]ip add  192.168.1.1 24  //配置ip地址
[R1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1.10]a b e     //arp broadcast enable开启arp广播

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