♣题目部分

在Oracle中，coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql脚本的作用是什么？

♣答案部分

使用coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql脚本生成sqlprof_attr数据

最麻烦的sqlprof_attr('FULL(t1@SEL$1)')是这里的格式如何写，在Mos上的文章note 215187.1中的sqlt.zip的目录utl中提供了脚本coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql可以生成这些信息。

1.建立测试表和数据

1SYS@dlhr> select * from v$version;23BANNER4--------------------------------------------------------------------------------5Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production6PL/SQL Release 11.2.0.4.0 - Production7CORE    11.2.0.4.0      Production8TNS for IBM/AIX RISC System/6000: Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production9NLSRTL Version 11.2.0.4.0 - Production101112LHR@dlhr> create table scott.test as select * from dba_objects;1314Table created.1516LHR@dlhr> create index scott.idx_test_01 on scott.test(object_id);1718Index created.1920LHR@dlhr> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('scott','test',cascade=>true);2122PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.2324LHR@dlhr> update scott.test set object_id=10 where object_id>10;252627LHR@dlhr> commit;28Commit complete.29303132LHR@dlhr> select OBJECT_ID ,count(1) from scott.test group by OBJECT_ID;3334 OBJECT_ID   COUNT(1)35---------- ----------36         6          137         7          138         5          139         8          140         3          141         2          142        10      8707643         4          144         9          145469 rows selected.

2.执行查询语句

执行原有的查询语句，查看执行计划发现走索引，实际上这时表中大部分行的OBJECT_ID都已经被更新为10，所以走索引是不合理的。

1LHR@dlhr> set autot traceonly explain stat2LHR@dlhr> 3LHR@dlhr> select * from scott.test where object_id=10;4587076 rows selected.678Execution Plan9----------------------------------------------------------10Plan hash value: 33841907821112-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13| Id  | Operation                   | Name        | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |14-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------15|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT            |             |     1 |    98 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |16|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| TEST        |     1 |    98 |     2   (0)| 00:00:01 |17|*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN          | IDX_TEST_01 |     1 |       |     1   (0)| 00:00:01 |18-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------1920Predicate Information (identified by operation id):21---------------------------------------------------2223   2 - access("OBJECT_ID"=10)242526Statistics27----------------------------------------------------------28          0  recursive calls29          0  db block gets30      13060  consistent gets31          0  physical reads32          0  redo size33    9855485  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client34      64375  bytes received via SQL*Net from client35       5807  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client36          0  sorts (memory)37          0  sorts (disk)38      87076  rows processed3940LHR@dlhr> select /*+ full(test)*/* from scott.test where object_id=10;414287076 rows selected.434445Execution Plan46----------------------------------------------------------47Plan hash value: 2175081144849--------------------------------------------------------------------------50| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |51--------------------------------------------------------------------------52|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |     1 |    98 |   351   (2)| 00:00:05 |53|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST |     1 |    98 |   351   (2)| 00:00:05 |54--------------------------------------------------------------------------5556Predicate Information (identified by operation id):57---------------------------------------------------5859   1 - filter("OBJECT_ID"=10)606162Statistics63----------------------------------------------------------64          1  recursive calls65          0  db block gets66       6973  consistent gets67          0  physical reads68          0  redo size69    4159482  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client70      64375  bytes received via SQL*Net from client71       5807  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client72          0  sorts (memory)73          0  sorts (disk)74      87076  rows processed

3.查询上面两个语句的SQL_ID、PLAN_HASH_VALUE

1LHR@dlhr> set autot off2LHR@dlhr> 3LHR@dlhr> col sql_text format a1004LHR@dlhr> select sql_text,sql_id,plan_hash_value from v$sql5  2  where sql_text like 'select * from scott.test where object_id=10%';67SQL_TEXT                                                                                             SQL_ID        PLAN_HASH_VALUE8---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------9select * from scott.test where object_id=10                                                          cpk9jsg2qt52r      33841907821011LHR@dlhr> select sql_text,sql_id,plan_hash_value from v$sql12  2  where sql_text like 'select /*+ full(test)*/* from scott.test where object_id=10%';1314SQL_TEXT                                                                                             SQL_ID        PLAN_HASH_VALUE15---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ------------- ---------------16select /*+ full(test)*/* from scott.test where object_id=10                                          06c2mucgn6t5g       217508114

4.把coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql放在$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin下，或者放在/tmp下都可以。

5.对上面的两个SQL产生outline data的sql.

1[ZHLHRSPMDB2:oracle]:/oracle>cd /tmp2[ZHLHRSPMDB2:oracle]:/tmp>3[ZHLHRSPMDB2:oracle]:/tmp>sqlplus / as sysdba45SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Thu May 26 09:15:14 201667Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle.  All rights reserved.8910Connected to:11Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production12With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining13and Real Application Testing options1415SYS@dlhr> @$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql cpk9jsg2qt52r 33841907821617Parameter 1:18SQL_ID (required)19202122PLAN_HASH_VALUE AVG_ET_SECS23--------------- -----------24     3384190782        .0462526Parameter 2:27PLAN_HASH_VALUE (required)282930Values passed to coe_xfr_sql_profile:31~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~32SQL_ID         : "cpk9jsg2qt52r"33PLAN_HASH_VALUE: "3384190782"3435SQL>BEGIN36  2    IF :sql_text IS NULL THEN37  3      RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20100, 'SQL_TEXT for SQL_ID &&sql_id. was not found in memory (gv$sqltext_with_newlines) or AWR (dba_hist_sqltext).');38  4    END IF;39  5  END;40  6  /41SQL>SET TERM OFF;42SQL>BEGIN43  2    IF :other_xml IS NULL THEN44  3      RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'PLAN for SQL_ID &&sql_id. and PHV &&plan_hash_value. was not found in memory (gv$sql_plan) or AWR (dba_hist_sql_plan).');45  4    END IF;46  5  END;47  6  /48SQL>SET TERM OFF;4950Execute coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql51on TARGET system in order to create a custom SQL Profile52with plan 3384190782 linked to adjusted sql_text.535455COE_XFR_SQL_PROFILE completed.5657SQL>@$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin/coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql 06c2mucgn6t5g 2175081145859Parameter 1:60SQL_ID (required)61626364PLAN_HASH_VALUE AVG_ET_SECS65--------------- -----------66      217508114        .1136768Parameter 2:69PLAN_HASH_VALUE (required)707172Values passed to coe_xfr_sql_profile:73~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~74SQL_ID         : "06c2mucgn6t5g"75PLAN_HASH_VALUE: "217508114"7677SQL>BEGIN78  2    IF :sql_text IS NULL THEN79  3      RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20100, 'SQL_TEXT for SQL_ID &&sql_id. was not found in memory (gv$sqltext_with_newlines) or AWR (dba_hist_sqltext).');80  4    END IF;81  5  END;82  6  /83SQL>SET TERM OFF;84SQL>BEGIN85  2    IF :other_xml IS NULL THEN86  3      RAISE_APPLICATION_ERROR(-20101, 'PLAN for SQL_ID &&sql_id. and PHV &&plan_hash_value. was not found in memory (gv$sql_plan) or AWR (dba_hist_sql_plan).');87  4    END IF;88  5  END;89  6  /90SQL>SET TERM OFF;9192Execute coe_xfr_sql_profile_06c2mucgn6t5g_217508114.sql93on TARGET system in order to create a custom SQL Profile94with plan 217508114 linked to adjusted sql_text.959697COE_XFR_SQL_PROFILE completed.

6.替换文件coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql中的SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR部分，把它更改为coe_xfr_sql_profile_06c2mucgn6t5g_217508114.sql中产生的SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR部分，其中：

coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql的SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR：

1h := SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR(2q'[BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA]',3q'[IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS]',4q'[OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.4')]',5q'[DB_VERSION('11.2.0.4')]',6q'[ALL_ROWS]',7q'[OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")]',8q'[INDEX_RS_ASC(@"SEL$1" "TEST"@"SEL$1" ("TEST"."OBJECT_ID"))]',9q'[END_OUTLINE_DATA]');1011--coe_xfr_sql_profile_06c2mucgn6t5g_217508114.sql的SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR：12h := SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR(13q'[BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA]',14q'[IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS]',15q'[OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.4')]',16q'[DB_VERSION('11.2.0.4')]',17q'[ALL_ROWS]',18q'[OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")]',19q'[FULL(@"SEL$1" "TEST"@"SEL$1")]',20q'[END_OUTLINE_DATA]');21生成的文件在当前目录：

7.执行替换过SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR的SQL，coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql

SQL> @/tmp/coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql

1SQL>@coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql2SQL>REM3SQL>REM $Header: 215187.1 coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql 11.4.4.4 2016/05/26 carlos.sierra $4SQL>REM5SQL>REM Copyright (c) 2000-2012, Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.6SQL>REM7SQL>REM AUTHOR8SQL>REM   carlos.sierra@oracle.com9SQL>REM10SQL>REM SCRIPT11SQL>REM   coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql12SQL>REM13SQL>REM DESCRIPTION14SQL>REM   This script is generated by coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql15SQL>REM   It contains the SQL*Plus commands to create a custom16SQL>REM   SQL Profile for SQL_ID cpk9jsg2qt52r based on plan hash17SQL>REM   value 3384190782.18SQL>REM   The custom SQL Profile to be created by this script19SQL>REM   will affect plans for SQL commands with signature20SQL>REM   matching the one for SQL Text below.21SQL>REM   Review SQL Text and adjust accordingly.22SQL>REM23SQL>REM PARAMETERS24SQL>REM   None.25SQL>REM26SQL>REM EXAMPLE27SQL>REM   SQL> START coe_xfr_sql_profile_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782.sql;28SQL>REM29SQL>REM NOTES30SQL>REM   1. Should be run as SYSTEM or SYSDBA.31SQL>REM   2. User must have CREATE ANY SQL PROFILE privilege.32SQL>REM   3. SOURCE and TARGET systems can be the same or similar.33SQL>REM   4. To drop this custom SQL Profile after it has been created:34SQL>REM  EXEC DBMS_SQLTUNE.DROP_SQL_PROFILE('coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782');35SQL>REM   5. Be aware that using DBMS_SQLTUNE requires a license36SQL>REM  for the Oracle Tuning Pack.37SQL>REM   6. If you modified a SQL putting Hints in order to produce a desired38SQL>REM  Plan, you can remove the artifical Hints from SQL Text pieces below.39SQL>REM  By doing so you can create a custom SQL Profile for the original40SQL>REM  SQL but with the Plan captured from the modified SQL (with Hints).41SQL>REM42SQL>WHENEVER SQLERROR EXIT SQL.SQLCODE;43SQL>REM44SQL>VAR signature NUMBER;45SQL>VAR signaturef NUMBER;46SQL>REM47SQL>DECLARE48  2  sql_txt CLOB;49  3  h       SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR;50  4  PROCEDURE wa (p_line IN VARCHAR2) IS51  5  BEGIN52  6  DBMS_LOB.WRITEAPPEND(sql_txt, LENGTH(p_line), p_line);53  7  END wa;54  8  BEGIN55  9  DBMS_LOB.CREATETEMPORARY(sql_txt, TRUE);56 10  DBMS_LOB.OPEN(sql_txt, DBMS_LOB.LOB_READWRITE);57 11  -- SQL Text pieces below do not have to be of same length.58 12  -- So if you edit SQL Text (i.e. removing temporary Hints),59 13  -- there is no need to edit or re-align unmodified pieces.60 14  wa(q'[select * from scott.test where object_id=10]');61 15  DBMS_LOB.CLOSE(sql_txt);62 16  h := SYS.SQLPROF_ATTR(63 17  q'[BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA]',64 18  q'[IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS]',65 19  q'[OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.4')]',66 20  q'[DB_VERSION('11.2.0.4')]',67 21  q'[ALL_ROWS]',68 22  q'[OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")]',69 23  q'[FULL(@"SEL$1" "TEST"@"SEL$1")]',70 24  q'[END_OUTLINE_DATA]');71 25  :signature := DBMS_SQLTUNE.SQLTEXT_TO_SIGNATURE(sql_txt);72 26  :signaturef := DBMS_SQLTUNE.SQLTEXT_TO_SIGNATURE(sql_txt, TRUE);73 27  DBMS_SQLTUNE.IMPORT_SQL_PROFILE (74 28  sql_text    => sql_txt,75 29  profile     => h,76 30  name        => 'coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782',77 31  description => 'coe cpk9jsg2qt52r 3384190782 '||:signature||' '||:signaturef||'',78 32  category    => 'DEFAULT',79 33  validate    => TRUE,80 34  replace     => TRUE,81 35  force_match => FALSE /* TRUE:FORCE (match even when different literals in SQL). FALSE:EXACT (similar to CURSOR_SHARING) */ );82 36  DBMS_LOB.FREETEMPORARY(sql_txt);83 37  END;84 38  /8586PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.8788SQL>WHENEVER SQLERROR CONTINUE89SQL>SET ECHO OFF;9091            SIGNATURE92---------------------93 10910590721604799112949596           SIGNATUREF97---------------------98 1596611887100219546699100101... manual custom SQL Profile has been created102103104COE_XFR_SQL_PROFILE_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782 completed105

8.查看产生的sql profile,此时原语句在不加hint的情况下也走全表扫了select * from dba_sql_profiles;

1SYS@dlhr> col sql_text for a502SYS@dlhr> col hints for a503SYS@dlhr>  SELECT b.name,to_char(d.sql_text) sql_text,  extractvalue(value(h),'.') as hints4  2     FROM dba_sql_profiles d,SYS.SQLOBJ$DATA A,5  3          SYS.SQLOBJ$ B,6  4          TABLE(XMLSEQUENCE(EXTRACT(XMLTYPE(A.COMP_DATA),7  5                                    '/outline_data/hint'))) h8  6    where a.signature = b.signature9  7      and a.category = b.category10  8      and a.obj_type = b.obj_type11  9      and a.plan_id = b.plan_id12 10      and a.signature=d.signature13 11      and D.name = 'coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782';1415NAME                           SQL_TEXT                                           HINTS16------------------------------ -------------------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------17coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782   select * from scott.test where object_id=10        BEGIN_OUTLINE_DATA18coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782   select * from scott.test where object_id=10        IGNORE_OPTIM_EMBEDDED_HINTS19coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782   select * from scott.test where object_id=10        OPTIMIZER_FEATURES_ENABLE('11.2.0.4')20coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782   select * from scott.test where object_id=10        DB_VERSION('11.2.0.4')21coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782   select * from scott.test where object_id=10        ALL_ROWS22coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782   select * from scott.test where object_id=10        OUTLINE_LEAF(@"SEL$1")23coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782   select * from scott.test where object_id=10        FULL(@"SEL$1" "TEST"@"SEL$1")24coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782   select * from scott.test where object_id=10        END_OUTLINE_DATA25268 rows selected.

9.验证SQL Profile是否生效

1SYS@dlhr> set autot traceonly explain stat2SYS@dlhr> select * from scott.test where object_id=10;3487076 rows selected.567Execution Plan8----------------------------------------------------------9Plan hash value: 2175081141011--------------------------------------------------------------------------12| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     |13--------------------------------------------------------------------------14|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |     1 |    98 |   351   (2)| 00:00:05 |15|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| TEST |     1 |    98 |   351   (2)| 00:00:05 |16--------------------------------------------------------------------------1718Predicate Information (identified by operation id):19---------------------------------------------------2021   1 - filter("OBJECT_ID"=10)2223Note24-----25   - SQL profile "coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782" used for this statement262728Statistics29----------------------------------------------------------30          0  recursive calls31          0  db block gets32       6973  consistent gets33          0  physical reads34          0  redo size35    4159482  bytes sent via SQL*Net to client36      64375  bytes received via SQL*Net from client37       5807  SQL*Net roundtrips to/from client38          0  sorts (memory)39          0  sorts (disk)40      87076  rows processed

注意:

①　这个测试只是为了演示通过coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql实现手动加hint的方法，实际上面的语句问题的处理最佳的方法应该是重新收集SCOTT.TEST的统计信息才对。

②　当一条SQL既有Sql Profile又有Stored Outline时，优化器优先选择stored outline。

③　通过Sql Profile手动加Hint的方法很简单，而为SQL添加最合理的Hint才是关键。

④　测试完后，可以通过exec dbms_sqltune.drop_sql_profile(name =>'coe_cpk9jsg2qt52r_3384190782' );删除这个Sql Profile。

⑤　执行coe_xfr_sql_profile.sql脚本的时候用户需要对当前目录有生成文件的权限，最好当前目录是/tmp。

本文选自《Oracle程序员面试笔试宝典》，作者：李华荣。

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