可信平台模块 tpm

TPM hardware provides a tamper-resistant way to store encryption keys on a computer. On Windows 10, 8, and 7, a TPM is normally required to enable and use encryption features like BitLocker. Here’s how to check whether your PC has a TPM chip, enable your TPM if it’s disabled, or add a TPM chip to a PC without one.

TPM硬件提供了一种防篡改的方式来在计算机上存储加密密钥。 在Windows 10、8和7上，通常需要TPM才能启用和使用BitLocker之类的加密功能。 这是检查您的PC是否具有TPM芯片，启用TPM(如果已禁用)或将TPM芯片添加到没有PC的PC的方法。

选项一：检查TPM管理工具 (Option One: Check the TPM Management Tool)

The TPM management tool built into Windows will show you whether your PC has a TPM. To open it, press Windows+R to open a run dialog window. Type tpm.msc into it and press Enter to launch the tool.

Windows内置的TPM管理工具将向您显示您的PC是否具有TPM。 要打开它，请按Windows + R打开运行对话框窗口。 在其中键入tpm.msc ，然后按Enter启动该工具。

If you see information about the TPM in the PC—including a message at the bottom right corner of the window informing you which TPM specification version your chip supports—your PC does have a TPM.

如果您在PC上看到有关TPM的信息(包括窗口右下角的消息，告知您芯片支持的TPM规范版本)，则您的PC确实有TPM。

If you see a “Compatible TPM cannot be found” message instead, your PC does not have a TPM.

如果看到的是“找不到兼容的TPM”消息，则说明您的PC没有TPM。

检查您的计算机是否禁用了TPM硬件 (Check if Your Computer Has TPM Hardware That’s Disabled)

On some PCs, it’s possible to disable the TPM chip in the computer’s UEFI firmware or BIOS. If the TPM chip is disabled at this level, it’s deactivated and won’t appear in Windows—even though your PC actually has the hardware.

在某些PC上，可以在计算机的UEFI固件或BIOS中禁用TPM芯片。 如果在此级别禁用了TPM芯片，则即使您的PC确实具有硬件，该TPM芯片也将被禁用并且不会出现在Windows中。

To check for this, restart your PC into its UEFI or BIOS settings screen. The exact process is different on every PC. Some modern PCs require you go through the Windows 10 or 8 advanced startup options menu, while others still require you press a specific key—like Delete, F12, or Escape—during the boot-up process. Check your computer’s documentation for more information, or check your motherboard’s documentation if you built your own PC.

要进行检查，请在PC的UEFI或BIOS设置屏幕中重新启动PC。 每台PC上的确切过程都不同。 某些现代PC要求您通过Windows 10或8高级启动选项菜单，而其他PC仍需要在启动过程中按特定键(例如Delete，F12或Escape)。 查看计算机的说明文件以获取更多信息，或者如果您构建了自己的PC，则检查主板的说明文件。

Look through the settings screen and see if you see an option named “Trusted Platform Module”, “TPM”, “TPM Support”, or something like that. If it’s disabled, enable it from here, save your settings, and reboot. The TPM will be available for use within Windows.

浏览设置屏幕，查看是否看到名为“受信任的平台模块”，“ TPM”，“ TPM支持”或类似名称的选项。 如果已禁用，请从此处启用它，保存设置，然后重新启动。 TPM将可在Windows中使用。

TPMs also show up in the Device Manager, so it may be worth ensuring your TPM isn’t disabled in the Device Manager too (though this is unlikely). If you don’t see “Security Devices” with a TPM in Device Manager, and there isn’t an entry in the BIOS, you probably don’t have one.

TPM也会显示在设备管理器中，因此有必要确保也不会在设备管理器中禁用TPM(尽管这不太可能)。 如果在“设备管理器”中没有看到带有TPM的“安全设备”，并且BIOS中没有任何条目，则可能没有。

如何将TPM芯片添加到PC (How to Add a TPM Chip to a PC)

If you built your own PC, you may able to add a TPM chip to it. Search for a TPM chip that’s sold as an add-on module. You’ll need one that supports the exact motherboard inside your PC.

如果您构建了自己的PC，则可以向其中添加TPM芯片。 搜索作为附加模块出售的TPM芯片。 您需要一个能够支持PC内确切主板的主板。

Laptops and desktop PCs you buy off the shelf generally have a TPM chip that’s soldered—permanently attached—to the motherboard. It’s not possible to add TPM chips to an older PC that doesn’t have the hardware to accept one. Consult your motherboard manufacturer’s documentation for more information about whether your PC supports a TPM chip and which one it requires.

您现在购买的笔记本电脑和台式机通常都有TPM芯片，该芯片已焊接(永久连接)在主板上。 无法将TPM芯片添加到没有硬件的较旧PC上。 有关您的PC是否支持TPM芯片以及需要哪种TPM芯片的更多信息，请查阅主板制造商的文档。

Image Credit: FxJ

图片来源： FxJ

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/287737/how-to-check-if-your-computer-has-a-trusted-platform-module-tpm-chip/

可信平台模块 tpm