docker安装mysql以及设置navicat远程访问

启动docker
之前已经在linux中安装了docker，使用service docker start命令可以一键启动，使用ps -ef|grep docker命令查看docker的进程状态。

[root@wuwl ~]# service docker start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service
[root@wuwl ~]# ps -ef|grep docker
root       6372      1  2 22:57 ?        00:00:00 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock
root       6500   2281  0 22:57 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto docker
[root@wuwl ~]#

安装mysql镜像

安装mysql相对而言会比较简单，首先通过docker search mysql命令可以查看mysql的相关版本，docker pull mysql则直接安装最新版本的mysql至本地的docker环境中。

[root@wuwl ~]# docker search mysql
NAME                              DESCRIPTION                                     STARS               OFFICIAL            AUTOMATED
mysql                             MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   9542                [OK]
mariadb                           MariaDB is a community-developed fork of MyS…   3461                [OK]
mysql/mysql-server                Optimized MySQL Server Docker images. Create…   699                                     [OK]
centos/mysql-57-centos7           MySQL 5.7 SQL database server                   75
mysql/mysql-cluster               Experimental MySQL Cluster Docker images. Cr…   69
centurylink/mysql                 Image containing mysql. Optimized to be link…   61                                      [OK]
deitch/mysql-backup               REPLACED! Please use http://hub.docker.com/r…   41                                      [OK]
bitnami/mysql                     Bitnami MySQL Docker Image                      39                                      [OK]
tutum/mysql                       Base docker image to run a MySQL database se…   35
schickling/mysql-backup-s3        Backup MySQL to S3 (supports periodic backup…   30                                      [OK]
prom/mysqld-exporter                                                              28                                      [OK]
linuxserver/mysql                 A Mysql container, brought to you by LinuxSe…   25
centos/mysql-56-centos7           MySQL 5.6 SQL database server                   19
circleci/mysql                    MySQL is a widely used, open-source relation…   19
databack/mysql-backup             Back up mysql databases to... anywhere!         18
mysql/mysql-router                MySQL Router provides transparent routing be…   15
arey/mysql-client                 Run a MySQL client from a docker container      14                                      [OK]
openshift/mysql-55-centos7        DEPRECATED: A Centos7 based MySQL v5.5 image…   6
fradelg/mysql-cron-backup         MySQL/MariaDB database backup using cron tas…   6                                       [OK]
genschsa/mysql-employees          MySQL Employee Sample Database                  5                                       [OK]
devilbox/mysql                    Retagged MySQL, MariaDB and PerconaDB offici…   3
ansibleplaybookbundle/mysql-apb   An APB which deploys RHSCL MySQL                2                                       [OK]
jelastic/mysql                    An image of the MySQL database server mainta…   1
widdpim/mysql-client              Dockerized MySQL Client (5.7) including Curl…   0                                       [OK]
monasca/mysql-init                A minimal decoupled init container for mysql    0

查看镜像
通过docker images命令可以查看所有的镜像

[root@wuwl ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY          TAG                 IMAGE ID            CREATED             SIZE
mysql               latest              30f937e841c8        4 days ago          541MB

运行mysql容器

下面的命令中，-p 3306:3306将docker容器的3306端口映射到linux主机的3306端口

docker run -itd --name mysql-spring-cloud -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=wuwl mysql

通过docker ps -a可查看当前环境中的所有容器

[root@wuwl ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND             CREATED             STATUS              PORTS               NAMES
[root@wuwl ~]# docker run -itd --name mysql-spring-cloud -p 3306:3306 -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=wuwl mysql
496be6942df4151bfba2a739473d41d76f2aa59a504aaa5bbb335ebdcc3ac935
[root@wuwl ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID        IMAGE               COMMAND                  CREATED             STATUS              PORTS                               NAMES
496be6942df4        mysql               "docker-entrypoint.s…"   3 seconds ago       Up 2 seconds        0.0.0.0:3306->3306/tcp, 33060/tcp   mysql-spring-cloud

此时，如果我们用navicat客户端连接该mysql数据库，是会报错的：1251-Client does not support authentication protocol requested by server;consider upgrading MySQL client.
5. 进入mysql容器，开启远程访问权限

[root@wuwl ~]# docker exec -it mysql-spring-cloud bash
root@496be6942df4:/# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 9
Server version: 8.0.20 MySQL Community Server - GPLCopyright (c) 2000, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.mysql> use mysql;
Reading table information for completion of table and column names
You can turn off this feature to get a quicker startup with -ADatabase changed
mysql> select host,user from user;
+-----------+------------------+
| host      | user             |
+-----------+------------------+
| %         | root             |
| localhost | mysql.infoschema |
| localhost | mysql.session    |
| localhost | mysql.sys        |
| localhost | root             |
+-----------+------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)mysql> alter user 'root'@'%' identified with mysql_native_password by 'wuwl';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

此时，再通过navicat客户端连接docker容器中的mysql即可正常访问了。

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