JAVA导出EXCEL实现

##JAVA导出EXCEL实现的多种方式
java导出Excel的方法有多种，最为常用的方式就是使用第三方jar包，目前POI和JXL是最常用的二方包了，也推荐使用这两种。
###POI实现
POI这里不详细解释，可参考徐老师发的博客：http://blog.csdn.net/evangel_z/article/details/7332535，他利用开源组件POI3.0.2动态导出EXCEL文档的通用处理类ExportExcel，详细使用方法下载最新代码看看就可以里，徐老师写的很明了！总之思路就是用Servlet接受post、get请求，获取文件导出路径，然后将测试数据封装好调用通用处理类导出Excel，然后再下载刚导出的Excel，会自动在浏览器弹出选择保存路径的弹出框，这样就达到里大家常见的文件导出下载的功能！当然，真正的项目里不可能把文件导出到本地，肯定是先吧文件导出到服务器上，再去服务器下载，对于用户来说就感觉好像直接就导出了！
这种实现逻辑也可以修改，就是把通用处理类ExportExcel从void改为返回read好数据的InputStream，而不要直接就去write，然后调用下载的方法downLoad使用HttpServletResponse.getOutputStream()所得到的输出流来write数据，然后调用flush()时就会在页面弹出选择路径的弹出框，选择好后数据就真正从缓存输出到了Excel中，这样就省去里中间先要导出一次的步骤了。
###JXL实现
我这里讲一下JXL，其实和POI差不多，就是调用的组件不同，引入的jar包不同了，整个Excel导出下载的逻辑还是一样的。好了，直接上代码，都是通用代码，以后都能用的上。
先是几个mode类封装了在处理过程中会用到的模型。
ExcelColMode 主要封装的是Map中的key或者dto中实现get方法的字段名，其实就是表格的标题的属性名。

public class ExcelColMode {/*** Map中的key或者dto中实现get方法的字段名*/private String name;/** 列宽 */private Integer width;/*** 字体格式,可以设置字体大小，字体颜色，字体加粗*/private ExcelFontFormat fontFormat;/*** 内容格式化*/private ExcelColModelFormatterInter contentFormatter;public ExcelColMode(String name) {this.name = name;}public ExcelColMode(String name, Integer width) {this.name = name;this.width = width;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public ExcelFontFormat getFontFormat() {return fontFormat;}public void setFontFormat(ExcelFontFormat fontFormat) {this.fontFormat = fontFormat;}public ExcelColModelFormatterInter getContentFormatter() {return contentFormatter;}public void setContentFormatter(ExcelColModelFormatterInter contentFormatter) {this.contentFormatter = contentFormatter}public Integer getWidth() {return width;}public void setWidth(Integer width) {this.width = width;}}

ExcelHeadCell 主要封装的是标题名

public class ExcelHeadCell implements Comparable<ExcelHeadCell> {/*** 列合并*/private int colSpan;/*** 展现字符内容*/private String content;/*** 父列的序列号*/private int fatherIndex;/*** 字体格式等*/private ExcelFontFormat fontFormat;private Integer height;/*** 最基础的单元格,没有行合并和列合并* * @param content*/public ExcelHeadCell(String content) {this.colSpan = 1;this.content = content;}public ExcelHeadCell(String content, Integer height) {this.colSpan = 1;this.content = content;this.height = height;}public ExcelHeadCell(String content, int fatherIndex, ExcelFontFormat fontFormat) {this.colSpan = 1;this.content = content;this.fatherIndex = fatherIndex;this.fontFormat = fontFormat;}public int getColSpan() {return colSpan;}public void setColSpan(int colSpan) {this.colSpan = colSpan;}public String getContent() {return content;}public void setContent(String content) {this.content = content;}public ExcelFontFormat getFontFormat() {return fontFormat;}public void setFontFormat(ExcelFontFormat fontFormat) {this.fontFormat = fontFormat;}public int getFatherIndex() {return fatherIndex;}public void setFatherIndex(int fatherIndex) {this.fatherIndex = fatherIndex;}public Integer getHeight() {return height;}public void setHeight(Integer height) {this.height = height;}public int compareTo(ExcelHeadCell o) {int i = -1;if (o == null) {i = 1;} else {i = o.fatherIndex > this.fatherIndex ? -1 : 1;if (o.fatherIndex == this.fatherIndex) {i = 0;}}return i;}
}

ExcelExportRule 主要封装的是之前的ExcelColMode和ExcelHeadCell以及sheet页名称sheetName

public class ExcelExportRule {/*** 封装如何从数据集取数据，数据显示格式，日期格式和数字格式在这里设置*/private List<ExcelColMode> colModes;/*** 封装EXCEL头部内容及内容显示格式*/private List<List<ExcelHeadCell>> headCols;/*** 数据背景颜色区分,0:不区分,1:按行奇偶区分,奇数行白色，偶数行灰色，2:按列奇偶区分 奇数列白色，偶数列灰色， <br/>* <b>注意：此参数为0时，单元格设置的背景色才起作用</b>*/private int distinguishable = 0;/*** EXCEL的sheet页名称*/private String sheetName;/*** 是否树形结构，1：是，0：否*/private String hierarchical = "0";/*** id字段名，当hierarchical="1"时候才起作用*/private String idName;/*** 父id字段名，当hierarchical="1"时候才起作用*/private String pidName;public List<ExcelColMode> getColModes() {return colModes;}public void setColModes(List<ExcelColMode> colModes) {this.colModes = colModes;}public List<List<ExcelHeadCell>> getHeadCols() {return headCols;}public void setHeadCols(List<List<ExcelHeadCell>> headCols) {this.headCols = headCols;}public int getDistinguishable() {return distinguishable;}public void setDistinguishable(int distinguishable) {this.distinguishable = distinguishable;}public String getSheetName() {return sheetName;}public void setSheetName(String sheetName) {this.sheetName = sheetName;}public String getHierarchical() {return hierarchical;}public void setHierarchical(String hierarchical) {this.hierarchical = hierarchical;}public String getIdName() {return idName;}public void setIdName(String idName) {this.idName = idName;}public String getPidName() {return pidName;}public void setPidName(String pidName) {this.pidName = pidName;}public void addExcelColMode(ExcelColMode excelColMode) {if (colModes == null)colModes = new ArrayList<ExcelColMode>();colModes.add(excelColMode);}public void addExcelHeadCellList(List<ExcelHeadCell> list) {if (headCols == null)headCols = new ArrayList<List<ExcelHeadCell>>();headCols.add(list);}}

ExcelFontFormat 封装的是表格的一些样式，如果对此没什么要求可以忽略

public class ExcelFontFormat {private int font = 0; // 字体 0:宋体,1:楷体,2:黑体，3：仿宋体，4:隶书private Colour color = Colour.BLACK; // 字体颜色private boolean bold = false; // 是否加粗private int flow = 0; // 文字浮动方向,0:靠左(默认),1:居中,2:靠右,private int fontSize = 0; // 文字大小,0:正常,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4依次加大,最大到4private Colour backgroundColor = Colour.WHITE; // 单元格填充色private boolean italic;// 是否斜体private int verticalAlign = 1; // 文字上下对齐 0:上 1：中 2：下public int getFont() {return font;}public void setFont(int font) {this.font = font;}public Colour getColor() {return color;}public void setColor(Colour color) {this.color = color;}public Colour getBackgroundColor() {return backgroundColor;}public void setBackgroundColor(Colour backgroundColor) {this.backgroundColor = backgroundColor;}public boolean isBold() {return bold;}public void setBold(boolean bold) {this.bold = bold;}public int getFontSize() {return fontSize;}public void setFontSize(int fontSize) {this.fontSize = fontSize;}public int getFlow() {return flow;}public void setFlow(int flow) {this.flow = flow;}public Alignment convertFlow() {return convertFlow(flow);}public static Alignment convertFlow(int flow) {Alignment al = null;switch (flow) {case 0:al = Alignment.LEFT;break;case 1:al = Alignment.CENTRE;break;case 2:al = Alignment.RIGHT;break;default:al = Alignment.LEFT;}return al;}public FontName convertFontName() {return convertFontName(font);}public static FontName convertFontName(int font) {FontName fn = null;switch (font) {case 0:fn = WritableFont.createFont("SimSun");break;case 1:fn = WritableFont.createFont("KaiTi");break;case 2:fn = WritableFont.createFont("SimHei");break;case 3:fn = WritableFont.createFont("FangSong");break;case 4:fn = WritableFont.createFont("LiSu");break;default:fn = WritableFont.createFont("STSong");}return fn;}public int convertFontSize() {return convertFontSize(fontSize);}public static int convertFontSize(int fontSize) {return 12 + fontSize * 2;}@Overridepublic boolean equals(Object obj) {boolean eq = false;if (this == obj) {eq = true;} else if (obj != null && obj instanceof ExcelFontFormat) {ExcelFontFormat e = (ExcelFontFormat) obj;if (e.bold == this.bold && e.backgroundColor == this.backgroundColor && e.color == this.color&& e.flow == this.flow && e.font == this.font && e.fontSize == this.fontSize&& e.italic == this.italic) {eq = true;}}return eq;}public boolean isItalic() {return italic;}public void setItalic(boolean italic) {this.italic = italic;}public int getVerticalAlign() {return verticalAlign;}public void setVerticalAlign(int verticalAlign) {this.verticalAlign = verticalAlign;}}

4个mode类以及有了，我介绍的很简单，每个封装类其实还封装了一些其他的，但因为我的例子就只用到了这些就不多讲了。下面是Excel处理类ExcelHelper，代码比较多，其实大家不用管太多，粘贴过来用就行了，只要知道怎么用他(包括输入给些什么，输出的ByteArrayInputStream怎么用)就行。

import java.io.ByteArrayInputStream;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
import java.lang.reflect.Method;
import java.math.BigDecimal;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Collections;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.HashSet;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;import jxl.Workbook;
import jxl.format.Colour;
import jxl.format.UnderlineStyle;
import jxl.format.VerticalAlignment;
import jxl.write.Label;
import jxl.write.WritableCellFormat;
import jxl.write.WritableFont;
import jxl.write.WritableFont.FontName;
import jxl.write.WritableSheet;
import jxl.write.WritableWorkbook;
import jxl.write.WriteException;
import jxl.write.biff.JxlWriteException;
import jxl.write.biff.RowsExceededException;import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;import com.newsee.dto.common.ExcelColMode;
import com.newsee.dto.common.ExcelExportRule;
import com.newsee.dto.common.ExcelFontFormat;
import com.newsee.dto.common.ExcelHeadCell;public class ExcelHelper {private static Log log = LogFactory.getLog(ExcelHelper.class);/*** 实际需要展现的数据,支持DTO和Map*/private List<Object> rowDatas;private Set<Object> writed;/*** 取数据及数据展现相关*/private List<ExcelColMode> colModes;/*** 行头(横向排列),如果有父行头则按父行头的顺序，没有父行头的按List顺序排列*/private List<List<ExcelHeadCell>> headCols;/*** 数据背景颜色区分,0:不区分,1:按行奇偶区分,2:按列奇偶区分*/private int distinguishable;/*** 缓存展现内容的sheet页*/private WritableSheet sheet;/*** 缓存单元格格式*/private Map<ExcelFontFormat, WritableCellFormat> mappedFormat;/*** id字段名称,用于树形结构*/private String idName;/*** 父id字段名称，用于树形结构*/private String pidName;private static String ONE_BLANK = " ";private int curDataRowIndex;private int curExcelRowIndex;public InputStream writeExcel(List<Object> rowDatas, ExcelExportRule rule) throws IOException, WriteException,SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException,InvocationTargetException {if (rule != null) {this.rowDatas = rowDatas;this.colModes = rule.getColModes();this.headCols = rule.getHeadCols();this.distinguishable = rule.getDistinguishable();if (validate()) {ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();WritableWorkbook workbook = Workbook.createWorkbook(outputStream);String sheetName = rule.getSheetName();if (StringUtil.isBlank(sheetName)) {sheetName = "sheet0";}sheet = workbook.createSheet(sheetName, 0);// 设置列宽for (int i = 0; i < colModes.size(); i++) {ExcelColMode colMode = colModes.get(i);if (colMode.getWidth() != null)sheet.setColumnView(i, colMode.getWidth());}writeHeads();// 树形结构if ("1".equals(rule.getHierarchical())) {this.idName = rule.getIdName();this.pidName = rule.getPidName();writeTreeBody();}// 非树形结构else {writeBody();}workbook.write();workbook.close();return new ByteArrayInputStream(outputStream.toByteArray());}} else {log.error("ExcelExportRule为空，无法导出excel");}return null;}private boolean validate() {if (colModes == null || colModes.size() == 0) {log.error("读取数据的规则ExcelExportRule.colModes为空");return false;}return true;}private void writeHeads() throws JxlWriteException, WriteException {curExcelRowIndex = 0;if (headCols != null && !headCols.isEmpty()) {int s = headCols.size();if (s > 1) {caculaterHeadColSpans();}for (int i = 0; i < s; i++) {int tempColIndex = 0;List<ExcelHeadCell> headRowCols = headCols.get(i);for (int j = 0; j < headRowCols.size(); j++) {ExcelHeadCell headCol = headRowCols.get(j);writeHeadCell(headCol, tempColIndex);tempColIndex += headCol.getColSpan();}curExcelRowIndex++;}}}// 计算标题需要列数private void caculaterHeadColSpans() {int s = headCols.size();for (int i = s - 1; i > 0; i--) {List<ExcelHeadCell> subCols = headCols.get(i);Collections.sort(subCols);List<ExcelHeadCell> supCols = headCols.get(i - 1);int[] fatherColSpans = new int[supCols.size()];for (ExcelHeadCell subCol : subCols) {int fi = subCol.getFatherIndex();fatherColSpans[fi] += subCol.getColSpan();}for (int j = 0; j < supCols.size(); j++) {ExcelHeadCell supCol = supCols.get(j);if (fatherColSpans[j] > 0) {supCol.setColSpan(fatherColSpans[j]);}}}}private void writeHeadCell(ExcelHeadCell headCol, int colIndex) throws JxlWriteException, WriteException {ExcelFontFormat eff = headCol.getFontFormat();String content = headCol.getContent();int colspan = headCol.getColSpan();if (headCol.getHeight() != null)sheet.setRowView(curExcelRowIndex, headCol.getHeight(), false);writeCell(content, eff, colIndex, colspan);}private void writeCell(String content, ExcelFontFormat eff, int colIndex, int colspan) throws JxlWriteException,WriteException {if (eff != null) {WritableCellFormat wcf = getCellFormat(eff);sheet.addCell(new Label(colIndex, curExcelRowIndex, content, wcf));} else {sheet.addCell(new Label(colIndex, curExcelRowIndex, content));}if (colspan > 1) {sheet.mergeCells(colIndex, curExcelRowIndex, colIndex + colspan - 1, curExcelRowIndex);}}/*** 从缓存中取格式化的字体,没有则新建并缓存,生成EXCELL完成后需要清除缓存的字体* * @param eff* @return* @throws WriteException*/private WritableCellFormat getCellFormat(ExcelFontFormat eff) throws WriteException {WritableCellFormat wcf = null;if (mappedFormat == null) {mappedFormat = new HashMap<ExcelFontFormat, WritableCellFormat>();} else {wcf = mappedFormat.get(eff);}if (wcf == null) {FontName fn = eff.convertFontName();WritableFont wf = new WritableFont(fn, eff.convertFontSize(), eff.isBold() ? WritableFont.BOLD: WritableFont.NO_BOLD, eff.isItalic(), UnderlineStyle.NO_UNDERLINE, eff.getColor());wcf = new WritableCellFormat(wf);wcf.setBackground(eff.getBackgroundColor());wcf.setAlignment(eff.convertFlow());wcf.setBorder(jxl.format.Border.ALL, jxl.format.BorderLineStyle.THIN, jxl.format.Colour.BLACK);if (eff.getVerticalAlign() == 0)wcf.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.TOP);else if (eff.getVerticalAlign() == 1)wcf.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.CENTRE);else if (eff.getVerticalAlign() == 2)wcf.setVerticalAlignment(VerticalAlignment.BOTTOM);mappedFormat.put(eff, wcf);}return wcf;}private void writeTreeBody() throws RowsExceededException, WriteException, SecurityException,IllegalArgumentException, NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {if (rowDatas != null && rowDatas.size() > 0) {curDataRowIndex = 1;Object fo = rowDatas.get(0);boolean isMap = fo instanceof Map;if (isMap) {writeTreeDatas4Map();} else {writeTreeDatas4Dto();}}}private void writeTreeDatas4Map() throws JxlWriteException, WriteException {if (writed == null) {writed = new HashSet<Object>();}for (Object data : rowDatas) {if (!writed.contains(data)) {Map m = (Map) data;Object pid = m.get(pidName);if (pid == null) {writeRow4Map(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Map(m, 1);} else {if (pid instanceof String) {String ps = (String) pid;if (StringUtil.isBlank(ps) || (Integer.valueOf(ps) <= 0)) {writeRow4Map(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Map(m, 1);}} else if (pid instanceof Integer) {Integer pi = (Integer) pid;if (pi <= 0) {writeRow4Map(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Map(m, 1);}} else if (pid instanceof Long) {Long pl = (Long) pid;if (pl.compareTo(0L) <= 0) {writeRow4Map(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Map(m, 1);}} else if (pid instanceof BigDecimal) {if (((BigDecimal) pid).compareTo(BigDecimal.ZERO) <= 0) {writeRow4Map(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Map(m, 1);}}}}}}private void writeSubDatas4Map(Map father, int deep) throws RowsExceededException, WriteException {for (Object data : rowDatas) {if (!writed.contains(data)) {Map m = (Map) data;Object pid = m.get(pidName);Object fid = father.get(idName);if (pid != null) {if (pid instanceof Long) {Long pl = (Long) pid;Long fl = null;try {fl = (Long) fid;} catch (Exception e) {if (fid instanceof BigDecimal) {fl = ((BigDecimal) fid).longValue();}}if (pl.equals(fl)) {writeSubRow4Map(m, deep);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;int subDeep = deep + 1;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Map(m, subDeep);}} else if (pid instanceof String) {String ps = (String) pid;String fs = null;try {fs = (String) fid;} catch (Exception e) {if (fid instanceof BigDecimal) {fs = ((BigDecimal) fid).toString();}}if (ps.equals(fs)) {writeSubRow4Map(m, deep);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;int subDeep = deep + 1;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Map(m, subDeep);}} else if (pid instanceof Integer) {Integer pi = (Integer) pid;Integer fi = null;try {fi = (Integer) fid;} catch (Exception e) {if (fid instanceof BigDecimal) {fi = ((BigDecimal) fid).intValue();}}if (pi.equals(fi)) {writeSubRow4Map(m, deep);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;int subDeep = deep + 1;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Map(m, subDeep);}}}}}}private void writeSubRow4Map(Map subMap, int deep) throws RowsExceededException, WriteException {int tempColIndex = 0;for (ExcelColMode mode : colModes) {Object o = subMap.get(mode.getName());String content = null;if (o == null)content = "";else {if (mode.getContentFormatter() != null)content = mode.getContentFormatter().format(o);elsecontent = o.toString();}if (tempColIndex == 0) {int blankCount = 6 * deep;for (int i = 0; i < blankCount; i++) {content = ONE_BLANK + content;}}writeContent(content, mode, tempColIndex);tempColIndex++;}}private void writeTreeDatas4Dto() throws SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException, NoSuchMethodException,IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, JxlWriteException, WriteException {if (writed == null) {writed = new HashSet<Object>();}for (Object data : rowDatas) {if (!writed.contains(data)) {Object pid = getValue(data, pidName);if (pid == null) {writeRow4Dto(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Dto(data, 1);} else {if (pid instanceof String) {String ps = (String) pid;if (StringUtil.isBlank(ps) || (Integer.valueOf(ps)) <= 0) {writeRow4Dto(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Dto(data, 1);}} else if (pid instanceof Integer) {Integer pi = (Integer) pid;if (pi <= 0) {writeRow4Dto(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Dto(data, 1);}} else if (pid instanceof Long) {Long pl = (Long) pid;if (pl.compareTo(0L) <= 0) {writeRow4Dto(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Dto(data, 1);}}}}}}private void writeSubDatas4Dto(Object father, int deep) throws SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException,NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, RowsExceededException,WriteException {for (Object data : rowDatas) {if (!writed.contains(data)) {Object pid = getValue(data, pidName);Object fid = getValue(father, idName);if (pid != null) {if (pid instanceof Long) {Long pl = (Long) pid;Long fl = (Long) fid;if (pl.equals(fl)) {writeSubRow4Dto(data, deep);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;int subDeep = deep + 1;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Dto(data, subDeep);}} else if (pid instanceof String) {String ps = (String) pid;String fs = (String) fid;if (ps.equals(fs)) {writeSubRow4Dto(data, deep);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;int subDeep = deep + 1;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Dto(data, subDeep);}} else if (pid instanceof Integer) {Integer pi = (Integer) pid;Integer fi = (Integer) fid;if (pi.equals(fi)) {writeSubRow4Dto(data, deep);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;int subDeep = deep + 1;writed.add(data);writeSubDatas4Dto(data, subDeep);}}}}}}private void writeSubRow4Dto(Object subData, int deep) throws SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException,NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException, RowsExceededException,WriteException {int tempColIndex = 0;for (ExcelColMode mode : colModes) {String field = mode.getName();Object o = getValue(subData, field);String content = null;if (o == null)content = "";else {if (mode.getContentFormatter() != null)content = mode.getContentFormatter().format(o);elsecontent = o.toString();}if (tempColIndex == 0) {int blankCount = 6 * deep;for (int i = 0; i < blankCount; i++) {content = ONE_BLANK + content;}}writeContent(content, mode, tempColIndex);}}private void writeBody() throws RowsExceededException, WriteException, SecurityException, IllegalArgumentException,NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {if (rowDatas != null && rowDatas.size() > 0) {curDataRowIndex = 1;Object fo = rowDatas.get(0);if (fo instanceof Map) {writeDatas4Map();} else {writeDatas4Dto();}}}private void writeDatas4Map() throws JxlWriteException, WriteException {for (Object data : rowDatas) {writeRow4Map(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;}}private void writeDatas4Dto() throws JxlWriteException, WriteException, SecurityException,IllegalArgumentException, NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {for (Object data : rowDatas) {writeRow4Dto(data);curDataRowIndex++;curExcelRowIndex++;}}private void writeRow4Map(Object data) throws JxlWriteException, WriteException {Map m = (Map) data;int tempColIndex = 0;for (ExcelColMode mode : colModes) {Object o = m.get(mode.getName());String content = null;if (o == null)content = "";else {if (mode.getContentFormatter() != null)content = mode.getContentFormatter().format(o);elsecontent = o.toString();}writeContent(content, mode, tempColIndex);tempColIndex++;}}private void writeContent(String content, ExcelColMode mode, int colIndex) throws RowsExceededException,WriteException {ExcelFontFormat eff = mode.getFontFormat();if (distinguishable == 1) {if (eff == null) {eff = new ExcelFontFormat();}if (curDataRowIndex % 2 == 1) {eff.setBackgroundColor(Colour.WHITE);} else {eff.setBackgroundColor(Colour.GRAY_25);}} else if (distinguishable == 2) {if (eff == null) {eff = new ExcelFontFormat();}if (colIndex % 2 == 1) {eff.setBackgroundColor(Colour.WHITE);} else {eff.setBackgroundColor(Colour.GRAY_25);}}writeCell(content, eff, colIndex, 1);}private void writeRow4Dto(Object data) throws JxlWriteException, WriteException, SecurityException,IllegalArgumentException, NoSuchMethodException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {int tempColIndex = 0;for (ExcelColMode mode : colModes) {String field = mode.getName();Object o = getValue(data, field);String content = null;if (o == null)content = "";else {if (mode.getContentFormatter() != null)content = mode.getContentFormatter().format(o);elsecontent = o.toString();}writeContent(content, mode, tempColIndex);tempColIndex++;}}private Object getValue(Object data, String feild) throws SecurityException, NoSuchMethodException,IllegalArgumentException, IllegalAccessException, InvocationTargetException {if (feild.contains(".")) {String fileds[] = feild.split("\\.");Object value = null;String methodName = "get" + fileds[0].substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fileds[0].substring(1);try {Method getMethod = data.getClass().getMethod(methodName);value = getMethod.invoke(data);} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {// e.printStackTrace();try {methodName = "get" + feild.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase() + feild.substring(1);Method getMethod = data.getClass().getMethod(methodName);value = getMethod.invoke(data);} catch (Exception e2) {e.printStackTrace();}}Object value2 = null;String methodName2 = "get" + fileds[1].substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + fileds[1].substring(1);try {Method getMethod = value.getClass().getMethod(methodName2);value2 = getMethod.invoke(value);} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {// e.printStackTrace();try {methodName = "get" + fileds[1].substring(0, 1).toLowerCase() + fileds[1].substring(1);Method getMethod = data.getClass().getMethod(methodName);value = getMethod.invoke(value);} catch (Exception e2) {e.printStackTrace();}}return value2;} else {Object value = null;String methodName = "get" + feild.substring(0, 1).toUpperCase() + feild.substring(1);try {Method getMethod = data.getClass().getMethod(methodName);value = getMethod.invoke(data);} catch (NoSuchMethodException e) {// e.printStackTrace();try {methodName = "get" + feild.substring(0, 1).toLowerCase() + feild.substring(1);Method getMethod = data.getClass().getMethod(methodName);value = getMethod.invoke(data);} catch (Exception e2) {e.printStackTrace();}}return value;}}/*** 释放资源*/public void clear() {if (writed != null) {writed = null;}if (rowDatas != null) {rowDatas = null;}if (colModes != null) {colModes = null;}if (headCols != null) {headCols = null;}if (sheet != null) {sheet = null;}if (mappedFormat != null) {mappedFormat = null;}if (idName != null) {idName = null;}if (pidName != null) {pidName = null;}}private static boolean isContainStyle(String style, String s1, String s2) {String styleArr[] = style.split(";");for (String s : styleArr) {if (s.contains(s1) && s.contains(s2))return true;}return false;}private static void writeSheetData(Integer startRow[], int level, Map<String, String> map, List<String> ridAry,List<Map<String, String>> allData, WritableSheet sheet) throws RowsExceededException, WriteException {String tab = "";for (int i = 0; i < level - 1; i++) {tab += "   ";}sheet.addCell(new Label(0, startRow[0], tab + map.get("index")));for (int i = 0; i < ridAry.size(); i++) {sheet.addCell(new Label(i + 1, startRow[0], map.get("R" + ridAry.get(i))));}startRow[0]++;List<Map<String, String>> children = getChildren(allData, map.get("id"));if (children != null && children.size() > 0) {for (Map<String, String> child : children) {writeSheetData(startRow, level + 1, child, ridAry, allData, sheet);}}}private static List<Map<String, String>> getFirstLeve(List<Map<String, String>> list) {List<Map<String, String>> firstLevel = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {for (Map<String, String> map : list) {if (map.get("parentId") == null || map.get("parentId").length() == 0)firstLevel.add(map);}}return firstLevel;}private static List<Map<String, String>> getChildren(List<Map<String, String>> list, String id) {List<Map<String, String>> children = new ArrayList<Map<String, String>>();if (list != null && list.size() > 0) {for (Map<String, String> map : list) {if (map.get("parentId") != null && map.get("parentId").toString().equals(id))children.add(map);}}return children;}private static String getIndexData(String code, String rid, Map<String, List<HashMap<String, Object>>> tabDataMap) {if (code == null || code.length() == 0)return "";if (tabDataMap == null || tabDataMap.size() == 0)return "0";String codeArr[] = code.split("\\.");if (codeArr.length != 2)return "";List<HashMap<String, Object>> listMap = tabDataMap.get(codeArr[0]);if (listMap == null || listMap.size() == 0)return "0";else {for (int i = 0; i < listMap.size(); i++) {HashMap<String, Object> map = listMap.get(i);if (map.get("P_R_ID").toString().equals(rid)) {Object obj = map.get(codeArr[1]);if (obj != null)return obj.toString();elsereturn "0";}}return "";}}private static String getUnit(String code, Map<String, String> tabUnitMap) {String result = "";if (code != null) {String codeArr[] = code.split("\\.");if (codeArr.length == 2) {if (tabUnitMap.get(codeArr[0]) != null)result = tabUnitMap.get(codeArr[0]);}}return result;}
}

接下来是测试类。

public class TestExcelUtil {@Testpublic void test() throws Exception {ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper();List<Object> rowDatas = new ArrayList<Object>();Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();map.put("userName", "张三");map.put("sex", "男");rowDatas.add(map);Map<String, String> map1 = new HashMap<String, String>();map1.put("userName", "李四");map1.put("sex", "男");rowDatas.add(map1);List<ExcelHeadCell> headCells = new ArrayList<ExcelHeadCell>();headCells.add(new ExcelHeadCell("姓名"));headCells.add(new ExcelHeadCell("性别"));List<List<ExcelHeadCell>> headCellsList = new ArrayList<List<ExcelHeadCell>>();headCellsList.add(headCells);ExcelExportRule rule = new ExcelExportRule();rule.setSheetName("测试");rule.setHeadCols(headCellsList);List<ExcelColMode> colModes = new ArrayList<ExcelColMode>();colModes.add(new ExcelColMode("userName"));colModes.add(new ExcelColMode("sex"));rule.setColModes(colModes);InputStream inputStream = excelHelper.writeExcel(rowDatas, rule);File file = new File("d:/test.xls");if (file.exists())file.delete();file.createNewFile();FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);byte b[] = new byte[512];int i = inputStream.read(b);while (i != -1) {fileOutputStream.write(b);i = inputStream.read(b);}fileOutputStream.flush();fileOutputStream.close();inputStream.close();}
}

通过看测试类应该就知道使用方法了吧，最后再给一个实际的从页面到后台的例子：从页面发来的一个请求，包含了表格的标题、内容、sheet名、Excel名，然后实现生成并下载Excel（在页面会弹出选择保存路径框）的过程。
首先是页面：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=EDGE" /><title>导出Excel</title><script src="../../../ns-face-sys/common/lib/jquery-1.11.2.min.js"></script><script src="../../../ns-face-sys/common/js/newsee.js"></script><script src="../../../ns-face-sys/common/js/newsee.ui.js"></script>
</head>
<body>
<form id="formid"  name= "myform" method = "post"  action = "/ns-face-sys/rest/system/export/excel"><input id="headCells" name="headCells" value="" type="hidden"/><input id="rowDatas" name="rowDatas" value="" type="hidden"/><input id="sheetName" name="sheetName" value="人员信息" type="hidden"/><input id="excelName" name="excelName" value="人员信息表" type="hidden"/><table id="table"><tr><td>序号</td><td>姓名</td><td>备注</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td>yjc</td><td>欣lp</td></tr><tr><td>2</td><td>lsx</td><td>诚lg</td></tr><tr><td>3</td><td>测试1</td><td>备注1</td></tr><tr><td>4</td><td>测试2</td><td>备注2</td></tr></table><input id="export" type="button" value="导出Excel" onclick="exportExcel()"/>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript" src="export_excel.js"></script>
</body>
</html>

然后是js，里面做了把表格数据整合成后台需要的数据(每列数据用",“隔开，每行数据用”;"隔开，标题和内容分别放在隐藏的input里传给后台解析)，放到隐藏域里，然后以提交表单的形式发送到后台。
千万注意：不要使用ajax请求，虽然也能发到后台，但会导致浏览器收不到response，导致弹不出选择保存路径的弹出框了！！！

function exportExcel(){document.charset='utf-8';var head = getHead();var data = getData();
//  var path = getPath();$("#headCells").val(head);$("#rowDatas").val(data);$("#formid").submit();// var postData = [{
//        Request: {
//            Data: {
//              headCells : head,
//              rowDatas : data,
//              sheetName : "人员信息",
//              path : path,
//              excelName : "人员信息表"
//            }
//        }
//    }]
//  $.ajax({
//            url: "/ns-face-sys/rest/system/export/excel",
//            type: "post",
//            dataType: 'json',
//            async: true,
//            data: {
//              request: newsee.base.JsonArrayToStringCfz(postData)
//            }
//  });
function getHead(){var head = "";var uls = $("#table").find("tr");var lis =  $(uls[0]).children("td");for(var j=0;j<lis.length;j++){if(j == lis.length-1){head += $(lis[j]).text();}else{head += $(lis[j]).text() + ",";}}return head;
}function getData(){var data = "";var uls = $("#table").find("tr");for(var i=1;i<uls.length;i++){var lis =  $(uls[i]).children("td");for(var j=0;j<lis.length;j++){if(j == lis.length-1 && i == uls.length-1){data += $(lis[j]).text();}else if(j == lis.length-1 && i != uls.length-1){data += $(lis[j]).text() + ";";}else{data += $(lis[j]).text() + ",";}}}return data;
}function getPath(){return "D:";
}

然后时控制器层代码，里面为了解决页面过来的数据有中文乱码，采用了笨方法，一个一个指定解码方式

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import javax.ws.rs.FormParam;
import javax.ws.rs.POST;
import javax.ws.rs.Path;
import javax.ws.rs.core.Context;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import com.newsee.face.common.ExportExcel;@Path("system")
@Controller
public class SystemExcelFace {/*** 导出excel入口* @param request* @param response* @throws Exception*/@POST@Path("/export/excel")public void showImg(@FormParam("headCells") String headCells,@FormParam("rowDatas") String rowDatas,@FormParam("sheetName") String sheetName,@FormParam("excelName") String excelName,@Context HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {headCells=new String(headCells.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"UTF-8");rowDatas=new String(rowDatas.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"UTF-8");sheetName=new String(sheetName.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"UTF-8");excelName=new String(excelName.getBytes("iso-8859-1"),"UTF-8");new ExportExcel().exportExcel(rowDatas, headCells, sheetName, excelName,response);}}

然后就是业务逻辑层了ExportExcel，这里就调用了之前介绍的导出Excel处理类ExcelHelper。

import java.io.BufferedOutputStream;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.net.URLEncoder;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import com.newsee.dto.common.ExcelColMode;
import com.newsee.dto.common.ExcelExportRule;
import com.newsee.dto.common.ExcelHeadCell;
import com.newsee.util.ExcelHelper;
import com.newsee.util.StringUtil;/*** 导出excel* * @author yaojiacheng**/
public class ExportExcel {/*** 导出excel* * @param requestContent* @return*/public void exportExcel(String rowData,String headCell,String sheetName,String excelName, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {if (StringUtil.isAnyBlank(rowData, headCell)) {return;}if(response == null){return;}ExcelHelper excelHelper = new ExcelHelper();List<ExcelHeadCell> headCells = new ArrayList<ExcelHeadCell>();String[] headCellsArray = headCell.split(",");for (String hc : headCellsArray) {headCells.add(new ExcelHeadCell(hc));}List<List<ExcelHeadCell>> headCellsList = new ArrayList<List<ExcelHeadCell>>();headCellsList.add(headCells);ExcelExportRule rule = new ExcelExportRule();if (StringUtil.isBlank(sheetName)) {rule.setSheetName("测试");} else {rule.setSheetName(sheetName);}rule.setHeadCols(headCellsList);List<ExcelColMode> colModes = new ArrayList<ExcelColMode>();for (int i = 0; i < headCellsArray.length; i++) {colModes.add(new ExcelColMode(i + ""));}rule.setColModes(colModes);List<Object> rowDatas = new ArrayList<Object>();String[] rowDataArrays = rowData.split(";");for (String rowDataArray : rowDataArrays) {Map<String, String> map = new HashMap<String, String>();String[] rowDataAs = rowDataArray.split(",");for (int i = 0; i < rowDataAs.length; i++) {map.put(i + "", rowDataAs[i]);}rowDatas.add(map);}InputStream fis = excelHelper.writeExcel(rowDatas, rule);byte b[] = new byte[512];// 清空responseresponse.reset();// 设置response的Headerresponse.addHeader("Content-Disposition", "attachment;filename=" + URLEncoder.encode(excelName, "UTF-8")+ ".xls");response.addHeader("Content-Length", "" + fis.available());OutputStream toClient = new BufferedOutputStream(response.getOutputStream());response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel;charset=gb2312");int i = fis.read(b);while (i != -1) {toClient.write(b);i = fis.read(b);}toClient.flush();toClient.close();fis.close();}}

如上，使用response.getOutputStream()得到的输出流来write数据后会先放在缓存中，到执行toClient.flush()就会在页面弹出选择保存路径的选择框，点击保存后就下载成功了。这里没有Excel导出的过程，直接将经过Excel处理类得到的InputStream拿过来读取，然后写进OutputStream下载，通常这是最优的方式。
以上代码没有添加合并单元格的功能，需要合并单元格的同学们，可以自行修改代码，合并调用的方法就是：WritableSheet.mergeCells(int m,int n,int p,int q); 作用是从(m,n)到(p,q)的单元格全部合并，比如：
//合并第一列第二行到第六列第二行的所有单元格
sheet.mergeCells(0,1,5,1); //注意了m和p指的是列，n和q指的是行
可以在workbook.write();workbook.close();之前调用即可！
还需要注意的是，合并的单元格显示的内容是第一个单元格的内容，不是所有单元格的内容追加！

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