Mac单机多实例Mysql(8.0.16)主从配置

一、MySQL多实例部署方式

1)使用多个配置文件启动不同的进程来实现多实例，这种方式的优势逻辑简单，配置简单，缺点是管理起来不太方便；
2)通过官方自带的mysqld_multi使用单独的配置文件来实现多实例，这种方式定制每个实例的配置不太方面，优点是管理起来很方便，集中管理。

二、mysqld_multi搭建多实例

1.官网下载免编译tar包解压

1)下载地址：https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/
2)解压到本地目录/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/mysql-8.0.16-macos10.14-x86_64
3)方便查找配置可以设置的软链接，需要root权限, mac 所有涉及到添加删除登录的均需要root权限
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql
sudo ln -s /Library/Java/mysql-cluster/mysql-8.0.16-macos10.14-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

2.配置环境变量

1)sudo vi ~/.bash_profile
2)添加：export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin,保存退出
3)source ~/.bash_profile

3. 创建主从mysql data及log目录并初始化主从mysql

执行以下两条初始化命令，加上–initialize-insecure参数则生成的root用户没有密码，否则mysql初始化时随机生成一个密码并输入到日志文件中
mysqld --datadir=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master/data --initialize --initialize-insecure
mysqld --datadir=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slave/data --initialize --initialize-insecure

4.修改配置文件

1）mac版本的mysql没有my.cnf文件，创建一个主从共用的配置文件,文件随意命名, 执行以下命令，sudo touch /etc/cluster.cnf

[mysqld_multi]
#mysqld     = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe
mysqladmin = /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin
user       = root
password   = root1234[mysqld3307]
server-id=3307
port=3307#以下为binlog配置，备灾及从机复制
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=MIXED
expire_logs_days        = 7                        #binlog过期清理时间
max_binlog_size         = 100m                     #binlog每个日志文件大小
binlog_cache_size       = 4m                       #binlog缓存大小
max_binlog_cache_size   = 512m                     #最大binlog缓存大小log-error=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master/mysqld.log
tmpdir=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master
slow_query_log=on
slow_query_log_file =/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time=1socket=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master/mysql_3307.sock
pid-file=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master/mysql.pidbasedir=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master
datadir=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master/data[mysqld3308]
server-id=3308
port=3308
log-bin=mysql-binlog-error=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slave/mysqld.log
tmpdir=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slaveslow_query_log=on
slow_query_log_file =/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slave/mysql-slow.log
long_query_time=1socket=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slave/mysql_3308.sock
pid-file=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slave/mysql.pidbasedir=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slave
datadir=/Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slave/dataread_only=1[mysqld]
character_set_server=utf8

2）启动主从实例，mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/cluster.conf start
3）查看主从实例启动状态
ps -ef |grep mysql 或者 sudo mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/cluster.conf report
此处插播：若需单独启动其中一台实例，指定端口即可，sudo mysqld_multi --defaults-file=/etc/cluster.conf start 3307
4）登录主机，创建从机账户及权限
sudo mysql -S /Library/Java/mysql-cluster/master/mysql_3307.sock
create user ‘slave’@’%’ identified by ‘slave1234’;
grant replication slave on . to ‘slave’@’%’;
flush privileges;
5）查看主机节点
show master status;这个命令会显示binlog文件名称及位置，是备机开始复制的节点。
mysql-bin.000001 | 689
6）配置备机
登录备机：sudo mysql -S /Library/Java/mysql-cluster/slave/mysql_3308.sock
关闭从库：stop slave;
配置主机：change master to master_host=‘127.0.0.1’,master_port=3307,master_user=‘slave’,master_password=‘slave1234’,master_log_file=‘mysql-bin.000001’,master_log_pos=689;
开启从库：start slave;
检查从库状态：show slave status\G;

Slave_IO_State: Connecting to masterMaster_Host: 127.0.0.1Master_User: slaveMaster_Port: 3307Connect_Retry: 60Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001Read_Master_Log_Pos: 689Relay_Log_File: AndydeMacBook-Pro-relay-bin.000001Relay_Log_Pos: 4Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001Slave_IO_Running: ConnectingSlave_SQL_Running: Yes

7）备机创建一个只读账号
create user ‘reader’@’%’ identified by ‘123456’;
GRANT Select ON . TO reader@’%’;