Mac 安装和使用Nginx教程

安装

brew install nginx

查看 nginx 版本

nginx -v

查看Nginx信息

brew info nginx

启动 nginx

nginx

查看 nginx 是否启动成功
在浏览器中访问http://localhost:8080，如果出现如下界面，则说明启动成功.
关闭nginx

nginx -s stop

也可以使用下面的命令启动，但是配置文件nginx.conf修改后用这个命令执行不生效，故不建议使用：sudo brew services stop nginx

重新加载nginx

nginx -s reload

查看Nginx配置文件

vim /usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf

查看Nginx配置文件的位置以及是否配置成功 nginx -t 命令

8. 为nginx指定一个配置文件

nginx -c filename 为nginx指定一个配置文件

Nginx配置文件内容如下：


#user  nobody;
#-- Nginx占用几个CPU
worker_processes  1; #-- 记录错误日志，默认只记录错误日志，如果想记录警告、信息等内容，可以在后面添加notice、info
#error_log  logs/error.log;
#error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
#error_log  logs/error.log  info;#pid        logs/nginx.pid;events {#-- 每个CPU支持1024个并发。总处理数量：worker_processes * worker_connectionsworker_connections  1024;
}http {include       mime.types;default_type  application/octet-stream;#-- 自定义打印日志格式#log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '#                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '#                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';#access_log  logs/access.log  main;sendfile        on;#tcp_nopush     on;#keepalive_timeout  0;keepalive_timeout  65;#gzip  on; 如果开启gzip，则文件传输会按照chuncked形式传输，并且不会response content-length字段，因为被压缩了，不知道实际大小。server {listen       8080;server_name  localhost;#charset koi8-r;#access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;location / {root   html;index  index.html index.htm;}#error_page  404              /404.html;# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html#error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;location = /50x.html {root   html;}# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80##location ~ \.php$ {#    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;#}# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000##location ~ \.php$ {#    root           html;#    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;#    fastcgi_index  index.php;#    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;#    include        fastcgi_params;#}# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root# concurs with nginx's one##location ~ /\.ht {#    deny  all;#}}# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration##server {#    listen       8000;#    listen       somename:8080;#    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;#    location / {#        root   html;#        index  index.html index.htm;#    }#}# HTTPS server##server {#    listen       443 ssl;#    server_name  localhost;#    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;#    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;#    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;#    ssl_session_timeout  5m;#    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;#    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;#    location / {#        root   html;#        index  index.html index.htm;#    }#}include servers/*;
}

log_format 各个变量值的含义：

log_format main   '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] ''"$request" $status $bytes_sent ''"$http_j_forwarded_for" "$http_x_forwarded_for" ''"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" ''"$gzip_ratio"';

$remote_addr
$remote_user[$time_local]
$bytes_sent

open /usr/local/etc/nginx/

总结nginx常见的配置：

nginx的配置文件路径：/usr/local/etc/nginx/nginx.conf
nginx的服务器默认路径：/usr/local/var/www
nginx的安装路径：/usr/local/Cellar/nginx/1.15.5

动静分离：动态资源和静态资源分开。
静态资源：HTML、CSS、JavaScript、图片、音频、视频等

如何启动Nginx缓存：

Nginx启用缓存需要在最顶层的http节点下配置proxy_cache_path命令。
链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/asheng2016/p/proxy_cache.html

proxy_cache_path  /data/nginx/cache  levels=1:2  keys_zone=STATIC_CACHE:10m  inactive=24h  max_size=1g;server {listen 80;proxy_cache       STATIC_CACHE;proxy_cache_valid 200 302 10m;proxy_cache_valid 301      1h;proxy_cache_valid any      1m;proxy_cache_use_stale  error timeout invalid_header updatinghttp_500 http_502 http_503 http_504;location ~* \.(jpg|jpeg|png|gif|bmp|mp4)$ {proxy_pass http://static;include    proxy_params;}
}

参考：https://www.zze.xyz/archives/nginx-proxycache.html
参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/redirect/p/10066766.html#21-proxy_cache_path
参考：https://www.cnblogs.com/asheng2016/p/proxy_cache.html