【语音去噪】基于matlab GUI傅立叶变换语音降噪混频【含Matlab源码 297期】

一、傅立叶变换语音降噪简介

什么是傅里叶变换？
法国科学家傅里叶提出，任何一条周期曲线，无论多么跳跃或不规则，都能表示成一组光滑正弦曲线叠加之和。傅里叶变换即是把一条不规则的曲线拆解成一组光滑正弦曲线的过程。
傅里叶变换的目的是可将时域（即时间域）上的信号转变为频域（即频率域）上的信号，随着域的不同，对同一个事物的了解角度也就随之改变，因此在时域中某些不好处理的地方，在频域就可以较为简单的处理。这就可以大量减少处理信号存储量。
example：弹钢琴
假设有一时间域函数：y = f(x)，根据傅里叶的理论它可以被分解为一系列正弦函数的叠加，他们的振幅A，频率ω或初相位φ不同：

所以傅里叶变换可以把一个比较复杂的函数转换为多个简单函数的叠加，看问题的角度也从时间域转到了频率域，有些的问题处理起来就会比较简单。

二、部分源代码

function varargout = DSP(varargin)
% DSP MATLAB code for DSP.fig
%      DSP, by itself, creates a new DSP or raises the existing
%      singleton*.
%
%      H = DSP returns the handle to a new DSP or the handle to
%      the existing singleton*.
%
%      DSP('CALLBACK',hObject,eventData,handles,...) calls the local
%      function named CALLBACK in DSP.M with the given input arguments.
%
%      DSP('Property','Value',...) creates a new DSP or raises the
%      existing singleton*.  Starting from the left, property value pairs are
%      applied to the GUI before DSP_OpeningFcn gets called.  An
%      unrecognized property name or invalid value makes property application
%      stop.  All inputs are passed to DSP_OpeningFcn via varargin.
%
%      *See GUI Options on GUIDE's Tools menu.  Choose "GUI allows only one
%      instance to run (singleton)".
%
% See also: GUIDE, GUIDATA, GUIHANDLES% Edit the above text to modify the response to help DSP% Last Modified by GUIDE v2.5 13-Dec-2015 17:32:39% Begin initialization code - DO NOT EDIT
gui_Singleton = 1;
gui_State = struct('gui_Name',       mfilename, ...'gui_Singleton',  gui_Singleton, ...'gui_OpeningFcn', @DSP_OpeningFcn, ...'gui_OutputFcn',  @DSP_OutputFcn, ...'gui_LayoutFcn',  [] , ...'gui_Callback',   []);
if nargin && ischar(varargin{1})gui_State.gui_Callback = str2func(varargin{1});
endif nargout[varargout{1:nargout}] = gui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
elsegui_mainfcn(gui_State, varargin{:});
end
% End initialization code - DO NOT EDIT% --- Executes just before DSP is made visible.
function DSP_OpeningFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles, varargin)
% This function has no output args, see OutputFcn.
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
% varargin   command line arguments to DSP (see VARARGIN)% Choose default command line output for DSP
handles.output = hObject;% Update handles structure
guidata(hObject, handles);% UIWAIT makes DSP wait for user response (see UIRESUME)
% uiwait(handles.main);% --- Outputs from this function are returned to the command line.
function varargout = DSP_OutputFcn(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% varargout  cell array for returning output args (see VARARGOUT);
% hObject    handle to figure
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% Get default command line output from handles structure
varargout{1} = handles.output;% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function file_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to file (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function noise_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to noise (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function filter_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to filter (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function help_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to help (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function help_doc_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to help_doc (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function about_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to about (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
string =str2mat('     声音处理示例程序',[],'     版本：1.0',[],'     开发：项晓强 褚倩云 徐如林',[],'     电子邮箱：xrlin@163.com',[],'     特别鸣谢：安大航模队大力赞助');
msgbox(string);% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function IIR_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to IIR (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function FIR_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to FIR (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function flat_noise_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to flat_noise (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)set(handles.L1,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L2,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L3,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L4,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E1,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E2,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E3,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E4,'Visible','off');
set(handles.single_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.multi_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.IIR_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.FIR_run,'Enable','off');wav = evalin('base','data');
fs = evalin('base','Fs');
reswav = awgn(wav,20);%添加信噪比为10dB的高斯噪声
assignin('base','resdata',reswav);
fftwav = abs(fft(reswav));
axes(handles.Time);
x = (0:length(reswav)-1)/fs;
handles.Line1 = plot(x,reswav);
guidata(hObject,handles);%保存值
set(handles.Time,'XMinorTick','on');
grid on;
xlabel('时间/s');
ylabel('幅度');
title('时域图');axes(handles.Freq);
xf = (0:length(reswav)-1)'*fs/length(fftwav);
handles.Line2 = plot(xf,fftwav);
guidata(hObject,handles);%保存值
set(handles.Freq,'XMinorTick','on');
grid on;
xlabel('频率/Hz');
ylabel('幅度');
title('频域图');
assignin('base','flag',1);handles.sou = audioplayer(reswav,fs);
guidata(hObject,handles);%保存值% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function single_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to single (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function multi_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to multi (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function open_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to open (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
[filename,pathname] = uigetfile('*.wav;*.mp3','请选择声音文件', 'MultiSelect', 'off');
[wav,fs]=audioread(strcat(pathname,filename));
wav = wav(:,1);
handles.sou = audioplayer(wav,fs);
guidata(hObject,handles);%保存值
assignin('base','data',wav);
assignin('base','Fs',fs);set(handles.L1,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L2,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L3,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L4,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E1,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E2,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E3,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E4,'Visible','off');set(handles.button_play,'Visible','off');
set(handles.Time,'Visible','off');
set(handles.Freq,'Visible','off');set(handles.single_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.multi_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.IIR_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.FIR_run,'Enable','off');set(handles.button_play,'Visible','on');
set(handles.Time,'Visible','on');
set(handles.Freq,'Visible','on');
set(handles.noise,'Enable','on');
set(handles.filter,'Enable','on');
set(handles.button_play,'String','播放');
assignin('base','ps',0);reswav = wav;
assignin('base','resdata',reswav);
fftwav = abs(fft(reswav));
axes(handles.Time);
x = (0:length(reswav)-1)/fs;
handles.Line1 = plot(x,reswav);
guidata(hObject,handles);%保存值
set(handles.Time,'XMinorTick','on');
grid on;
xlabel('时间/s');
ylabel('幅度');
title('时域图');axes(handles.Freq);
xf = (0:length(reswav)-1)'*fs/length(fftwav);
handles.Line2 = plot(xf,fftwav);
guidata(hObject,handles);%保存值
set(handles.Freq,'XMinorTick','on');
grid on;
xlabel('频率/Hz');
ylabel('幅度');
title('频域图');
assignin('base','flag',1);% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function close_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to close (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
clc;
clear all;
close;% --- Executes on button press in button_play.
function button_play_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to button_play (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
ps = evalin('base','ps');
if(ps == 0)set(handles.button_play,'String','停止');assignin('base','ps',1); play(handles.sou);
end;
if(ps == 1)set(handles.button_play,'String','播放');assignin('base','ps',0);stop(handles.sou);
end;
%sound(evalin('base','resdata'),evalin('base','Fs'));% --------------------------------------------------------------------
function record_Callback(hObject, eventdata, handles)
% hObject    handle to record (see GCBO)
% eventdata  reserved - to be defined in a future version of MATLAB
% handles    structure with handles and user data (see GUIDATA)
set(handles.L1,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L2,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L3,'Visible','off');
set(handles.L4,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E1,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E2,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E3,'Visible','off');
set(handles.E4,'Visible','off');set(handles.button_play,'Visible','off');
set(handles.Time,'Visible','off');
set(handles.Freq,'Visible','off');set(handles.noise,'Enable','off');
set(handles.filter,'Enable','off');set(handles.single_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.multi_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.IIR_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.FIR_run,'Enable','off');
set(handles.button_play,'String','播放');
assignin('base','ps',0);
%--------------------------------%
if (evalin('base','flag')==1)set(handles.Line1,'Visible','off');set(handles.Line2,'Visible','off');
end;

三、运行结果

四、matlab版本及参考文献

1 matlab版本
2014a

2 参考文献
[1]韩纪庆,张磊,郑铁然.语音信号处理（第3版）[M].清华大学出版社，2019.
[2]柳若边.深度学习:语音识别技术实践[M].清华大学出版社，2019.

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