MFC | 基于文档存储的学生成绩信息管理系统

学生成绩信息管理系统

一、系统设计目标

以学生信息管理系统为例，通过对简单应用软件系统的设计，编制、调试，实现简单的增加、删除、修改、排序等运算，以学习应用MFC库类编写对话框的原理，加深对C++类的学习及应用。初步掌握基于MFC库类对话框界面的设计，通过创建类成员函数成员变量，编辑控件创建消息映射，调用消息函数完成数据的输入输出，实现相关功能。

二、系统设计要求

1.需求分析
该程序要能实现对学生成绩信息的显示、增加、删除、修改，实现对学生按学号、按姓名查询显示，实现字段筛选功能，能够统计统计全部学生的总成绩，及其平均成绩，各个输入字段要有验证功能，能够进行各个学科的排序检索以及成绩数据分析功能。

2.功能介绍
(1)添加功能：程序能够添加学生记录和各科成绩，提供选择界面供用户选择所要添加的类别。添加记录时，要求学号唯一，如果是添加了重复记录，则提示数据添加重复并取消添加。
(2)删除功能：主要实现对已添加的学生和成绩记录进行删除。如果当前系统中没有相应的记录，则提示为空并返回操作。
(3)修改功能：用户根据选择的记录进行修改，修改时保持学号编号唯一，设置只读功能，其他信息皆可更改。
(4)显示功能：程序设置数据在列表控件中，每条记录占据一行。
(5)保存功能：在添加、删除、修改的同时读取文件，自动保存数据到文件。
(6)查询功能：程序设计三种查询方式，第一种按学号进行查询，第一种按姓名查询，第三种按照班别筛选查询。
(7)排序功能：首先依照排序的依据，可根据学号、各科成绩、总分以及平均分进行排序，页面刷新显示数据。
(8)统计功能：转跳另一个可执行文件进行学生成绩数据整体分析，统计某个分数段内的学生人数，绘制各科成绩的直方图和折线图。
(9)登录功能：设计管理员登录才进入学生成绩信息管理系统进行增删改查等操作。

三、系统设计分析

设计一个基于MFC对话框的C++应用程序开发，因此要创建一个主对话框，和一些必要的子对话框。在主对话框中添加列表控件用来显示学生的基本信息，并且列表控件要有较强的数据处理函数。因此选择列表控件，对于学生信息的录入、查询、排序、删除与修改都采用按钮控件，并为每个按钮添加消息响应函数用来处理学生的信息操作。对于录入功能和修改功能，可以为它设置一个子对话框来填写学生的基本信息。接下来就要把学生的基本信息能够保存下来，因此要用到文件的操作。
此外，还运用到单文档设计的学生成绩分析图形绘制。并用该学生成绩信息管理系统调用该画图的exe文件，实现在该学生成绩信息管理系统中显示学生成绩的直方图和折线图。
综上所述，必须掌握按钮控件、列表控件、组合框控件的构建，编辑控件和消息的相应与处理原理，同时掌握CFile类和图像和文字绘制类的运用。

四、系统整体设计

1.系统流程图

2.系统功能模块图

五、程序运行效果

1.系统登录界面：
运行程序，首先出现登录界面，输入管理员用户名和密码，输入正确进入系统。

2.系统主界面：

3.添加记录界面：

4.记录添加成功界面：

5.数据显示界面：

6.修改记录界面：

7.记录修改成功界面：

8.系统按学号查询功能：

9.系统按姓名查询功能：

10.系统查询失败显示：

11.系统班别筛选功能：

12.系统排序功能：

13.系统按语文成绩排序：

14.系统按数学成绩排序：

15.系统删除功能：

16.系统数据统计功能：

17.系统打开文件分析：

18.数据分析直方图：

19.数据分析折线图：

系统主要源代码

（一）设计Student类

总图
设计一个学生类，包括数据成员：姓名、学号，八门课程（语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、生物、历史、体育）的成绩。Student类添加在类CEx_StudentApp之上

// Ex_Student.h : main header file for the EX_STUDENT application
//#if !defined(AFX_EX_STUDENT_H__1201A7FC_72F9_41BB_8775_1B2AFB4378FA__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_EX_STUDENT_H__1201A7FC_72F9_41BB_8775_1B2AFB4378FA__INCLUDED_#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000#ifndef __AFXWIN_H__#error include 'stdafx.h' before including this file for PCH
#endif
#include <iostream>
#include <string.h>
#include <sstream>
#include <algorithm>
using namespace std;
#include "resource.h"     // main symbols/
// CEx_StudentApp:
// See Ex_Student.cpp for the implementation of this class
//
class Student {public:char strName[20];char strID[20];char sClass[20];char sSex[2];char sAddress[100];char sBirthday[20];char sAge[5];char fChinese[5];char fMath[5];char fEnglish[5];char fPhysics[5];char fBiology[5];char fChemistry[5];char fHistory[5];char fSport[5];char fAve[20];char fTotal[20];Student() {};bool sort_id(Student a, Student b);bool sort_total(Student a, Student b);bool sort_ave(Student a, Student b);bool sort_chinese(Student a, Student b);bool sort_math(Student a, Student b);bool sort_english(Student a, Student b);bool sort_pyhsics(Student a, Student b);bool sort_chemistry(Student a, Student b);bool sort_biology(Student a, Student b);bool sort_history(Student a, Student b);bool sort_sport(Student a, Student b);
};class CEx_StudentApp : public CWinApp
{public:CEx_StudentApp();Student temp;           //全局变量，存放学生的临时数据
// Overrides// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CEx_StudentApp)public:virtual BOOL InitInstance();//}}AFX_VIRTUAL// Implementation//{{AFX_MSG(CEx_StudentApp)// NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove member functions here.//    DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code !//}}AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};///{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.#endif // !defined(AFX_EX_STUDENT_H__1201A7FC_72F9_41BB_8775_1B2AFB4378FA__INCLUDED_)

（二）主框架源代码

1. 主框架变量

其余都可通过ID获取

ID控件	变量名
IDC_COMBO_CLASS	CComboBox m_ComboBoxClass;
IDC_COMBO_SORT	CComboBox m_ComboBoxSort;
IDC_LIST	CListCtrl m_list;

2.主框架头文件

// Ex_StudentDlg.h : header file
//#if !defined(AFX_EX_STUDENTDLG_H__DB137ADD_497D_455F_A457_A4497BF81B6E__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_EX_STUDENTDLG_H__DB137ADD_497D_455F_A457_A4497BF81B6E__INCLUDED_#include "Ex_Student.h"   // Added by ClassView
#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000
extern CEx_StudentApp theApp;     //引用全局变量theApp/
// CEx_StudentDlg dialogclass CEx_StudentDlg : public CDialog
{// Constructio
public:void SortStudent(int nNum);int Seek_Student(char *str);void ComboBoxAddString();void ReadStudent(CListCtrl* pList);CEx_StudentDlg(CWnd* pParent = NULL);    // standard constructor// Dialog Data//{{AFX_DATA(CEx_StudentDlg)enum { IDD = IDD_EX_STUDENT_DIALOG };CComboBox    m_ComboBoxClass;CComboBox   m_ComboBoxSort;CListCtrl    m_list;//}}AFX_DATA// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CEx_StudentDlg)protected:virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX); // DDX/DDV support//}}AFX_VIRTUAL// Implementation
protected:HICON m_hIcon;// Generated message map functions//{{AFX_MSG(CEx_StudentDlg)virtual BOOL OnInitDialog();afx_msg void OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam);afx_msg void OnPaint();afx_msg HCURSOR OnQueryDragIcon();afx_msg void OnButtonAdd();afx_msg void OnButtonDel();afx_msg void OnButtonQuest();afx_msg void OnButtonSort();afx_msg void OnButtonEdit();afx_msg void OnButtonAnalysis();afx_msg void OnButtonScreen();//}}AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};//{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.#endif // !defined(AFX_EX_STUDENTDLG_H__DB137ADD_497D_455F_A457_A4497BF81B6E__INCLUDED_)

3. 主框架源代码

// Ex_StudentDlg.cpp : implementation file
//#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Ex_Student.h"
#include "Ex_StudentDlg.h"
#include "StuAddDlg.h"
#include "StuModifyDlg.h"        //引用修改子对话框头文件
#include <windows.h>#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif/
// CAboutDlg dialog used for App Aboutclass CAboutDlg : public CDialog
{public:CAboutDlg();// Dialog Data//{{AFX_DATA(CAboutDlg)enum { IDD = IDD_ABOUTBOX };//}}AFX_DATA// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CAboutDlg)protected:virtual void DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX);    // DDX/DDV support//}}AFX_VIRTUAL// Implementation
protected://{{AFX_MSG(CAboutDlg)//}}AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};CAboutDlg::CAboutDlg() : CDialog(CAboutDlg::IDD)
{//{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CAboutDlg)//}}AFX_DATA_INIT
}void CAboutDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);//{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CAboutDlg)//}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CAboutDlg, CDialog)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CAboutDlg)// No message handlers//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()/
// CEx_StudentDlg dialogCEx_StudentDlg::CEx_StudentDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/): CDialog(CEx_StudentDlg::IDD, pParent)
{//{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CEx_StudentDlg)//}}AFX_DATA_INIT// Note that LoadIcon does not require a subsequent DestroyIcon in Win32m_hIcon = AfxGetApp()->LoadIcon(IDR_MAINFRAME);
}void CEx_StudentDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);//{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CEx_StudentDlg)DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_COMBO_CLASS, m_ComboBoxClass);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_COMBO_SORT, m_ComboBoxSort);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_LIST, m_list);//}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CEx_StudentDlg, CDialog)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CEx_StudentDlg)ON_WM_SYSCOMMAND()ON_WM_PAINT()ON_WM_QUERYDRAGICON()ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_ADD, OnButtonAdd)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_DEL, OnButtonDel)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_QUEST, OnButtonQuest)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_SORT, OnButtonSort)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_EDIT, OnButtonEdit)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_ANALYSIS, OnButtonAnalysis)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDC_BUTTON_SCREEN, OnButtonScreen)//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()/
// CEx_StudentDlg message handlersBOOL CEx_StudentDlg::OnInitDialog()
{CDialog::OnInitDialog();// Add "About..." menu item to system menu.// IDM_ABOUTBOX must be in the system command range.ASSERT((IDM_ABOUTBOX & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX);ASSERT(IDM_ABOUTBOX < 0xF000);CMenu* pSysMenu = GetSystemMenu(FALSE);if (pSysMenu != NULL){CString strAboutMenu;strAboutMenu.LoadString(IDS_ABOUTBOX);if (!strAboutMenu.IsEmpty()){pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_SEPARATOR);pSysMenu->AppendMenu(MF_STRING, IDM_ABOUTBOX, strAboutMenu);}}// Set the icon for this dialog.  The framework does this automatically//  when the application's main window is not a dialogSetIcon(m_hIcon, TRUE);            // Set big iconSetIcon(m_hIcon, FALSE);     // Set small icon// TODO: Add extra initialization here//初始化CListCtrl控件。插入一些标头，设置宽度和序列号。 CRect rect; // 获取编程语言列表视图控件的位置和大小m_list.GetClientRect(&rect);// 为列表视图控件添加全行选中和栅格风格   m_list.SetExtendedStyle(LVS_EX_FULLROWSELECT | LVS_EX_GRIDLINES);   CString col[13] = {_T("学号"), _T("姓名"), _T("班级"), _T("语文"),_T("数学"),_T("英语"),_T("物理"),_T("化学"),_T("生物"),_T("历史"),_T("体育"),_T("总分"),_T("平均分")};for (int i = 0; i < 13; i++) { m_list.InsertColumn(i, col[i], LVCFMT_CENTER, 80); }CListCtrl* pList = (CListCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_LIST);CEx_StudentDlg::ReadStudent(pList);             //更新CListCtrl里的数据CEx_StudentDlg::ComboBoxAddString();            //更新下拉框数据CheckRadioButton(IDC_RADIO_ID, IDC_RADIO_NAME, IDC_RADIO_ID);    //默认单选按钮为学号CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonSort();                 //默认按学号排序 m_ComboBoxClass.SetCurSel(0);                   //默认班级为第一个选项return TRUE;  // return TRUE  unless you set the focus to a control
}void CEx_StudentDlg::OnSysCommand(UINT nID, LPARAM lParam)
{if ((nID & 0xFFF0) == IDM_ABOUTBOX){CAboutDlg dlgAbout;dlgAbout.DoModal();}else{CDialog::OnSysCommand(nID, lParam);}
}// If you add a minimize button to your dialog, you will need the code below
//  to draw the icon.  For MFC applications using the document/view model,
//  this is automatically done for you by the framework.void CEx_StudentDlg::OnPaint()
{if (IsIconic()){CPaintDC dc(this); // device context for paintingSendMessage(WM_ICONERASEBKGND, (WPARAM) dc.GetSafeHdc(), 0);// Center icon in client rectangleint cxIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CXICON);int cyIcon = GetSystemMetrics(SM_CYICON);CRect rect;GetClientRect(&rect);int x = (rect.Width() - cxIcon + 1) / 2;int y = (rect.Height() - cyIcon + 1) / 2;// Draw the icondc.DrawIcon(x, y, m_hIcon);}else{CDialog::OnPaint();}
}// The system calls this to obtain the cursor to display while the user drags
//  the minimized window.
HCURSOR CEx_StudentDlg::OnQueryDragIcon()
{return (HCURSOR) m_hIcon;
}
//添加按钮控件函数
void CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonAdd()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereCStuAddDlg dlg;if(IDOK == dlg.DoModal()) {CListCtrl* pList = (CListCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_LIST);CEx_StudentDlg::ReadStudent(pList);CEx_StudentDlg::ComboBoxAddString();CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonSort();                 //默认按学号排序 }
}//读取储存学生成绩的文件,并加载在学生成绩管理系统窗口的CListCtrl中
void CEx_StudentDlg::ReadStudent(CListCtrl *pList)
{CFile file;if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeRead | CFile::modeCreate | CFile::modeNoTruncate)){MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}pList->DeleteAllItems();Student u;int i = 0;while(file.Read(&u, sizeof(u)) == sizeof(u)) {pList->InsertItem(i, u.strID);pList->SetItemText(i, 1, u.strName);pList->SetItemText(i, 2, u.sClass);pList->SetItemText(i, 3, u.fChinese);pList->SetItemText(i, 4, u.fMath);pList->SetItemText(i, 5, u.fEnglish);pList->SetItemText(i, 6, u.fPhysics);pList->SetItemText(i, 7, u.fChemistry);pList->SetItemText(i, 8, u.fBiology);pList->SetItemText(i, 9, u.fHistory);pList->SetItemText(i, 10, u.fSport);pList->SetItemText(i, 11, u.fTotal);pList->SetItemText(i, 12, u.fAve);i++;}file.Close();
}
//删除按钮消息映射函数
void CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonDel()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereCString str, strItemName;Student ur;/*//删除多行int count = m_list.GetSelectedCount();    CString *strID = new CString[count];int j=0;if(count < 1) {AfxMessageBox("你还没选中列表项！");return;} for(int i = m_list.GetItemCount()-1; i>=0; i--){if(m_list.GetItemState(i, LVNI_ALL | LVNI_SELECTED) == LVIS_SELECTED){m_list.DeleteItem(i);m_list.GetItemText(i, 0, ur[j].strID, sizeof(ur[j].strID));j++;}}str.Format("%s", ur[0].strID);AfxMessageBox(str);*///删除一行int nID = m_list.GetSelectedCount();    //获取当前鼠标选择的学号数量if(nID < 1) {AfxMessageBox("你还没选中列表项！");return;}int nIDText = m_list.GetSelectionMark();   //获取当前鼠标选择的一个学号位置m_list.GetItemText(nIDText, 0, ur.strID, sizeof(ur.strID));     //获取选中的学生的id号strItemName = m_list.GetItemText(nIDText, 1);      //获取选中的学生的姓名str.Format("你确定要删除 %s 学生纪录吗？", strItemName);if(IDOK != MessageBox(str, "删除确认", MB_ICONQUESTION | MB_OKCANCEL))return;m_list.DeleteItem(nIDText);   //删除当前鼠标选择的学号位置// 打开文件CFile file;if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeRead)){MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}CFile temporaryfile;if (!temporaryfile.Open("./temporarystudentfile.dat", CFile::modeCreate|CFile::modeWrite)){MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}Student u;while (file.Read(&u, sizeof(u)) == sizeof(u) ) {   //读取学生成绩储存文件，将未删除的学生信息写入临时文件temporaryfile中if((CString)u.strID == (CString)ur.strID) continue;        //若为选中的学生纪录则跳过 temporaryfile.Write(&u, sizeof(u));}file.Close();temporaryfile.Close();if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeCreate|CFile::modeWrite)){MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}if (!temporaryfile.Open("./temporarystudentfile.dat", CFile::modeRead)){MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}while (temporaryfile.Read(&u, sizeof(u)) == sizeof(u)) {    //读取学生成绩储存文件，将临时文件temporarystudentfile.dat中学生信息写入真正存储学生信息的studentfile.dat中file.Write(&u, sizeof(u));}file.Close();temporaryfile.Close();CListCtrl* pList = (CListCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_LIST);     //更新学生成绩管理系统界面的信息CEx_StudentDlg::ReadStudent(pList);return;}//查找按钮消息映射函数
void CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonQuest()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereint nNum;char str[20];//查找前先取消原先选中的行的高亮样式for(int i=0; i<m_list.GetItemCount(); i++) {if(m_list.GetItemState(i, LVIS_SELECTED) == LVIS_SELECTED) {//取消高亮选中m_list.SetItemState(i, 0, LVIS_SELECTED| LVIS_FOCUSED); }}GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_SEANO, str, sizeof(str));    //获取编辑框的学号信息if((CString)str == "") {MessageBox(_T("请输入姓名或学号"), _T("警告"), MB_OK | MB_ICONWARNING);return;}nNum = Seek_Student(str);  //查询该学号是否存在if (nNum == -1){//AfxMessageBox("学号不存在！");MessageBox(_T("没有找到该学生，请检查输入！"), _T("警告"), MB_OK | MB_ICONWARNING);} else {//高亮显示选中行m_list.SetFocus();m_list.SetItemState(nNum, LVIS_SELECTED | LVIS_FOCUSED, LVIS_SELECTED | LVIS_FOCUSED);m_list.EnsureVisible(nNum, FALSE);}}
//查找该学生是否存在成绩管理系统的CListCtrl中
int CEx_StudentDlg::Seek_Student(char *str)
{int nCount  = m_list.GetItemCount();       //listCtrl中的总行数int i=0;if(IDC_RADIO_ID == GetCheckedRadioButton(IDC_RADIO_ID, IDC_RADIO_NAME)) {    //如果输入的是学号while(i<nCount) {if(m_list.GetItemText(i, 0) == (CString)str) return i;i++;}} else {           //如果输入的是姓名while(i<nCount) {if(m_list.GetItemText(i, 1) == (CString)str) return i;i++;}}return -1;
}
//设置组合框的排序依据
void CEx_StudentDlg::ComboBoxAddString()
{m_ComboBoxSort.ResetContent();     //清空下拉框所有内容m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("学号");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("总分");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("平均分");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("语文");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("数学");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("英语");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("物理");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("化学");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("生物");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("历史");m_ComboBoxSort.AddString("体育");m_ComboBoxSort.SetCurSel(0);       //默认第一个选项}
//排序按钮消息函数
void CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonSort()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereint nSel = m_ComboBoxSort.GetCurSel();SortStudent(nSel);
}
bool sort_id(Student a, Student b) {                            //学号（ID）大小比较函数return _ttoi((CString)a.strID) < _ttoi((CString)b.strID);    //将char转换成CString,在转化成int
}
bool sort_total(Student a, Student b) {                            //总分大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fTotal) > atof((CString)b.fTotal);    //将char转换成CString,在转化成float
}
bool sort_ave(Student a, Student b) {                              //平均大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fAve) > atof((CString)b.fAve);
}
bool sort_chinese(Student a, Student b) {                           //语文大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fChinese) > atof((CString)b.fChinese);
}
bool sort_math(Student a, Student b) {                              //数学大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fMath) > atof((CString)b.fMath);
}
bool sort_english(Student a, Student b) {                              //英语大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fEnglish) > atof((CString)b.fEnglish);
}
bool sort_pyhsics(Student a, Student b) {                              //物理大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fPhysics) > atof((CString)b.fPhysics);
}
bool sort_chemistry(Student a, Student b) {                              //化学大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fChemistry) > atof((CString)b.fChemistry);
}
bool sort_biology(Student a, Student b) {                              //生物大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fBiology) > atof((CString)b.fBiology);
}
bool sort_history(Student a, Student b) {                              //历史大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fHistory) > atof((CString)b.fHistory);
}
bool sort_sport(Student a, Student b) {                              //体育大小比较函数return atof((CString)a.fSport) > atof((CString)b.fSport);
}
//对应排序对学生信息进行排序
void CEx_StudentDlg::SortStudent(int nNum)
{Student SomeStudent[1000];CFile file;if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeRead)){MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}int i=0;while (file.Read(&SomeStudent[i], sizeof(SomeStudent[i])) == sizeof(SomeStudent[i])){i++;}file.Close();int b = (CString)SomeStudent[0].strID < (CString)SomeStudent[1].strID;if(nNum == 0)       //0 是按学号排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_id);if(nNum == 1)       //1 是按总分成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_total);if(nNum == 2)       //2 是按平均分成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_ave);if(nNum == 3)       //3 是按语文成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_chinese);if(nNum == 4)       //4 是按数学成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_math);if(nNum == 5)       //5 是按英语成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_english);if(nNum == 6)       //6 是按物理成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_pyhsics);if(nNum == 7)       //7 是按化学成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_chemistry);if(nNum == 8)       //8 是按生物成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_biology);if(nNum == 9)       //9 是按历史成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_history);if(nNum == 10)       //10 是按体育成绩排序std::sort(SomeStudent, SomeStudent+i, sort_sport);if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeWrite)){MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}int t = 0;while(t<i) {   //将排好序的信息写入学生成绩存储文件file.Write(&SomeStudent[t], sizeof(SomeStudent[t]));t++;}file.Close();CListCtrl* pList = (CListCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_LIST);CEx_StudentDlg::ReadStudent(pList);             //更新CListCtrl里的数据
}
//修改按钮控件函数
void CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonEdit()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code herePOSITION pos = m_list.GetFirstSelectedItemPosition();       //找到当前选中行if(pos == NULL) {MessageBox(_T("请选择要修改的数据！"), _T("警告"), MB_OK | MB_ICONWARNING);return;} //将所选择的数据存入临时变量temp里CString str;int nItem = m_list.GetNextSelectedItem(pos);m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 0, theApp.temp.strID, sizeof(theApp.temp.strID));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 1, theApp.temp.strName, sizeof(theApp.temp.strName));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 2, theApp.temp.sClass, sizeof(theApp.temp.sClass));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 3, theApp.temp.fChinese, sizeof(theApp.temp.fChinese));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 4, theApp.temp.fMath, sizeof(theApp.temp.fMath));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 5, theApp.temp.fEnglish, sizeof(theApp.temp.fEnglish));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 6, theApp.temp.fPhysics, sizeof(theApp.temp.fPhysics));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 7, theApp.temp.fChemistry, sizeof(theApp.temp.fChemistry));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 8, theApp.temp.fBiology, sizeof(theApp.temp.fBiology));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 9, theApp.temp.fHistory, sizeof(theApp.temp.fHistory));m_list.GetItemText(nItem, 10, theApp.temp.fSport, sizeof(theApp.temp.fSport));//测试//str.Format("%s", theApp.temp.strName);//AfxMessageBox(str);CStuModifyDlg dlg;if(IDOK == dlg.DoModal()) {      CListCtrl* pList = (CListCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_LIST);CEx_StudentDlg::ReadStudent(pList);CEx_StudentDlg::ComboBoxAddString();CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonSort();                 //默认按学号排序 }
}
//统计按钮控件函数
void CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonAnalysis()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code here//路径要修改，修改为自己Ex_DrawStu所在的当前路径ShellExecute(this->m_hWnd, "open", "C:\\Users\\Administrator\\Desktop\\Ex_DrawStu\\Debug\\Ex_DrawStu.exe", NULL, NULL, SW_SHOWNORMAL);
}//班级筛选按钮
void CEx_StudentDlg::OnButtonScreen()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereCString className;int nIndex = m_ComboBoxClass.GetCurSel();m_ComboBoxClass.GetLBText(nIndex, className);     //获取筛选的班别CFile file;if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeRead | CFile::modeCreate | CFile::modeNoTruncate)){MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}m_list.DeleteAllItems();Student u;int i = 0;while(file.Read(&u, sizeof(u)) == sizeof(u)) {if(className ==  (CString)u.sClass) {m_list.InsertItem(i, u.strID);m_list.SetItemText(i, 1, u.strName);m_list.SetItemText(i, 2, u.sClass);m_list.SetItemText(i, 3, u.fChinese);m_list.SetItemText(i, 4, u.fMath);m_list.SetItemText(i, 5, u.fEnglish);m_list.SetItemText(i, 6, u.fPhysics);m_list.SetItemText(i, 7, u.fChemistry);m_list.SetItemText(i, 8, u.fBiology);m_list.SetItemText(i, 9, u.fHistory);m_list.SetItemText(i, 10, u.fSport);m_list.SetItemText(i, 11, u.fTotal);m_list.SetItemText(i, 12, u.fAve);i++;}}file.Close();}

（三）添加记录子对话框源代码

对话框控件各个变量如下（性别获取通过ID）

// StuAddDlg.cpp : implementation file
//#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Ex_Student.h"
#include "StuAddDlg.h"#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif/
// CStuAddDlg dialogCStuAddDlg::CStuAddDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/): CDialog(CStuAddDlg::IDD, pParent)
{//{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CStuAddDlg)m_strName = _T("");m_strNo = _T("");m_fScore1 = 0.0f;m_fScore2 = 0.0f;m_fScore3 = 0.0f;m_fScore4 = 0.0f;m_strAddress = _T("");m_sAge = _T("");m_DateTime = 0;m_fScore5 = 0.0f;m_fScore6 = 0.0f;m_fScore7 = 0.0f;m_fScore8 = 0.0f;//}}AFX_DATA_INIT
}void CStuAddDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);//{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CStuAddDlg)DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S8, m_spinScore8);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S7, m_spinScore7);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S6, m_spinScore6);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S5, m_spinScore5);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_COMBO_CLASS, m_ComboBoxClass);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S4, m_spinScore4);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S3, m_spinScore3);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S2, m_spinScore2);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S1, m_spinScore1);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_NAME, m_strName);DDV_MaxChars(pDX, m_strName, 20);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_NO, m_strNo);DDV_MaxChars(pDX, m_strNo, 20);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S1, m_fScore1);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore1, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S2, m_fScore2);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore2, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S3, m_fScore3);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore3, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S4, m_fScore4);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore4, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_ADDRESS, m_strAddress);DDV_MaxChars(pDX, m_strAddress, 100);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_AGE, m_sAge);DDV_MaxChars(pDX, m_sAge, 5);DDX_DateTimeCtrl(pDX, IDC_DATETIMEPICKER, m_DateTime);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S5, m_fScore5);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore5, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S6, m_fScore6);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore6, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S7, m_fScore7);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore7, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S8, m_fScore8);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore8, 0.f, 100.f);//}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CStuAddDlg, CDialog)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CStuAddDlg)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S1, OnDeltaposSpinS1)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S2, OnDeltaposSpinS2)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S3, OnDeltaposSpinS3)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S4, OnDeltaposSpinS4)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S5, OnDeltaposSpinS5)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S6, OnDeltaposSpinS6)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S7, OnDeltaposSpinS7)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S8, OnDeltaposSpinS8)//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()/
// CStuAddDlg message handlersBOOL CStuAddDlg::OnInitDialog()
{CDialog::OnInitDialog();// TODO: Add extra initialization herem_spinScore1.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore2.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore3.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore4.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore5.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore6.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore7.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore8.SetRange(0,100);CheckRadioButton(IDC_MAN, IDC_GIRL, IDC_MAN);       //设置默认选中性别为男m_ComboBoxClass.SetCurSel(0);                       //设置默认班级为第一个选项m_DateTime = CTime::GetCurrentTime();UpdateData(FALSE);return TRUE;  // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control// EXCEPTION: OCX Property Pages should return FALSE
}
//旋转按钮控件12345678的通知消息函数
void CStuAddDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS1(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore1 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore1, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuAddDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS2(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore2 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore2, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuAddDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS3(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore3 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore3, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuAddDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS4(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore4 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore4, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}
void CStuAddDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS5(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore5 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore5, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}
void CStuAddDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS6(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore6 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore6, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuAddDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS7(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore7 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore7, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuAddDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS8(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore8 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore8, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}
//设置旋转控件与编辑框内容增量减量绑定函数
float CStuAddDlg::SetSpinScore(float f, NM_UPDOWN *p)
{f += (float)p->iDelta * 0.5f;if(f<0.0)f = 0.0f;if(f>100.0)f = 100.0f;return f;
}//添加保存控件函数
void CStuAddDlg::OnOK()
{// TODO: Add extra validation hereif(!IsValidate()) return;Student u;  CString strSex, str;//获取日期CTime time;CDateTimeCtrl* pCtrl = (CDateTimeCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_DATETIMEPICKER);ASSERT(pCtrl != NULL);DWORD dwResult = pCtrl->GetTime(time);if (dwResult == GDT_VALID){str = time.Format(TEXT("%Y-%m-%d"));   // 年月日}//获取控件输入的学生信息GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_NAME, u.strName, sizeof(u.strName));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_NO, u.strID, sizeof(u.strID));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_AGE, u.sAge, sizeof(u.sAge));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_ADDRESS, u.sAddress, sizeof(u.sAddress));GetDlgItemText(IDC_COMBO_CLASS, u.sClass, sizeof(u.sClass));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S1, u.fChinese, sizeof(u.fChinese));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S2, u.fMath, sizeof(u.fMath));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S3, u.fEnglish, sizeof(u.fEnglish));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S4, u.fSport, sizeof(u.fSport));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S5, u.fPhysics, sizeof(u.fPhysics));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S6, u.fChemistry, sizeof(u.fChemistry));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S7, u.fBiology, sizeof(u.fBiology));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S8, u.fHistory, sizeof(u.fHistory));//获取性别UINT nID = GetCheckedRadioButton(IDC_MAN, IDC_GIRL);GetDlgItemText(nID, u.sSex, sizeof(u.sSex));//获取的日期赋给u，再存入文件，使用memcpy()会出现尾部乱码strncpy(u.sBirthday, (LPCTSTR)str, sizeof(u.sBirthday));   //str.Format(u.sClass);//AfxMessageBox(str);//求总分、平均分,atof()char类型转换为doubledouble total = atof(u.fChinese) + atof(u.fMath) + atof(u.fEnglish) + atof(u.fSport)+atof(u.fPhysics) + atof(u.fChemistry) + atof(u.fBiology) + atof(u.fHistory);double ave = total/8.0;//sprintf()double转换为char类型sprintf(u.fTotal,"%.2lf",total);sprintf(u.fAve,"%.2lf",ave);CFile file;if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeReadWrite | CFile::modeCreate | CFile::modeNoTruncate)) {AfxMessageBox("添加失败，文件打不开！");return;}Student ur;while (file.Read(&ur, sizeof(ur)))  {   //读取学生文件信息，看学号是否重复if((CString)ur.strID == (CString)u.strID) {AfxMessageBox("用户已存在！");return;}}file.SeekToEnd();        //将指针移到文件末尾file.Write(&u, sizeof(u));AfxMessageBox("添加保存成功！"); //提示保存成功CDialog::OnOK();
}
//验证添加编辑框是否有输入
BOOL CStuAddDlg::IsValidate()
{UpdateData();m_strName.TrimLeft();m_strNo.TrimLeft();m_strAddress.TrimLeft();m_sAge.TrimLeft();if(m_strName.IsEmpty())  {MessageBox("请输入姓名");return FALSE;} else if(m_strNo.IsEmpty()) {MessageBox("请输入学号");return FALSE;} else if(m_strAddress.IsEmpty()) {MessageBox("请输入地址");return FALSE;} else if(m_sAge.IsEmpty()) {MessageBox("请输入年龄");return FALSE;} return TRUE;
}

（四）修改记录子对话框源代码
变量同添加子对话框相同，spinScore变量名稍有点不同，原理同样。

// StuModifyDlg.cpp : implementation file
//#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Ex_Student.h"
#include "StuModifyDlg.h"
extern CEx_StudentApp theApp;#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif/
// CStuModifyDlg dialogCStuModifyDlg::CStuModifyDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/): CDialog(CStuModifyDlg::IDD, pParent)
{//{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CStuModifyDlg)m_strAddress = _T("");m_strName = _T("");m_sAge = _T("");m_strNo = _T("");m_fScore1 = 0.0f;m_fScore2 = 0.0f;m_fScore3 = 0.0f;m_fScore4 = 0.0f;m_DateTime = 0;m_fScore6 = 0.0f;m_fScore7 = 0.0f;m_fScore8 = 0.0f;m_fScore9 = 0.0f;//}}AFX_DATA_INIT
}void CStuModifyDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);//{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CStuModifyDlg)DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S6, m_spinScore6);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S7, m_spinScore7);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S8, m_spinScore8);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S9, m_spinScore9);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S4, m_spinScore4);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S3, m_spinScore3);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S2, m_spinScore2);DDX_Control(pDX, IDC_SPIN_S1, m_spinScore1);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_ADDRESS, m_strAddress);DDV_MaxChars(pDX, m_strAddress, 100);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_NAME, m_strName);DDV_MaxChars(pDX, m_strName, 20);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_AGE, m_sAge);DDV_MaxChars(pDX, m_sAge, 5);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_NO, m_strNo);DDV_MaxChars(pDX, m_strNo, 20);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S1, m_fScore1);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore1, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S2, m_fScore2);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore2, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S3, m_fScore3);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore3, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S4, m_fScore4);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore4, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_DateTimeCtrl(pDX, IDC_DATETIMEPICKER, m_DateTime);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S6, m_fScore6);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore6, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S7, m_fScore7);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore7, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S8, m_fScore8);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore8, 0.f, 100.f);DDX_Text(pDX, IDC_EDIT_S9, m_fScore9);DDV_MinMaxFloat(pDX, m_fScore9, 0.f, 100.f);//}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CStuModifyDlg, CDialog)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CStuModifyDlg)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDOK_CHANGESAVE, OnChangeSave)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S1, OnDeltaposSpinS1)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S2, OnDeltaposSpinS2)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S3, OnDeltaposSpinS3)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S4, OnDeltaposSpinS4)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S6, OnDeltaposSpinS6)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S7, OnDeltaposSpinS7)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S8, OnDeltaposSpinS8)ON_NOTIFY(UDN_DELTAPOS, IDC_SPIN_S9, OnDeltaposSpinS9)//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()/
// CStuModifyDlg message handlersBOOL CStuModifyDlg::OnInitDialog()
{CDialog::OnInitDialog();// TODO: Add extra initialization herem_spinScore1.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore2.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore3.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore4.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore6.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore7.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore8.SetRange(0,100);m_spinScore9.SetRange(0,100);//设置默认选中性别为男CheckRadioButton(IDC_MAN, IDC_GIRL, IDC_MAN);CFile file;if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeRead)) {MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return 0;}Student u;while (file.Read(&u, sizeof(u)))  {                    //读取学生文件信息，读取该学生的其他个人信息if((CString)u.strID == (CString)theApp.temp.strID) {memcpy(theApp.temp.sAddress, u.sAddress, strlen(u.sAddress));memcpy(theApp.temp.sAge, u.sAge, strlen(u.sAge));memcpy(theApp.temp.sBirthday, u.sBirthday, strlen(u.sBirthday));memcpy(theApp.temp.sSex, u.sSex, strlen(u.sSex));//CString str;//str.Format(theApp.temp.sBirthday);//MessageBox(str);break;}}//初始化对话框时显示所选中的学生信息SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_NO, theApp.temp.strID);    SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_NAME, theApp.temp.strName);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_AGE, theApp.temp.sAge);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_ADDRESS, theApp.temp.sAddress);SetDlgItemText(IDC_COMBO_CLASS, theApp.temp.sClass);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S1, theApp.temp.fChinese);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S2, theApp.temp.fMath);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S3, theApp.temp.fEnglish);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S4, theApp.temp.fSport);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S6, theApp.temp.fPhysics);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S7, theApp.temp.fChemistry);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S8, theApp.temp.fBiology);SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S9, theApp.temp.fHistory);//CString日期转为CTime日期，并映射到日历控件CString s = (CString)theApp.temp.sBirthday;int y, m, d;sscanf(s, "%d-%d-%d", &y, &m, &d);CDateTimeCtrl* pCtrl = (CDateTimeCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_DATETIMEPICKER);  CTime t(y,m,d,0,0,0);pCtrl->SetTime(&t);if((CString)theApp.temp.sSex == "男")CheckRadioButton(IDC_MAN, IDC_GIRL, IDC_MAN);else CheckRadioButton(IDC_MAN, IDC_GIRL, IDC_GIRL);GetDlgItem(IDC_EDIT_NO)->EnableWindow(FALSE);        //设置学号框只读return TRUE;  // return TRUE unless you set the focus to a control// EXCEPTION: OCX Property Pages should return FALSE
}
//修改保存控件函数
void CStuModifyDlg::OnChangeSave()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereStudent u; CString strSex, str;//验证if(!IsValidate()) return;//获取日期CTime time;CDateTimeCtrl* pCtrl = (CDateTimeCtrl*)GetDlgItem(IDC_DATETIMEPICKER);ASSERT(pCtrl != NULL);DWORD dwResult = pCtrl->GetTime(time);if (dwResult == GDT_VALID)str = time.Format(TEXT("%Y-%m-%d"));   // 年月日GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_NAME, u.strName, sizeof(u.strName));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_NO, u.strID, sizeof(u.strID));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_AGE, u.sAge, sizeof(u.sAge));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_ADDRESS, u.sAddress, sizeof(u.sAddress));GetDlgItemText(IDC_COMBO_CLASS, u.sClass, sizeof(u.sClass));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S1, u.fChinese, sizeof(u.fChinese));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S2, u.fMath, sizeof(u.fMath));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S3, u.fEnglish, sizeof(u.fEnglish));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S4, u.fSport, sizeof(u.fSport));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S6, u.fPhysics, sizeof(u.fPhysics));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S7, u.fChemistry, sizeof(u.fChemistry));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S8, u.fBiology, sizeof(u.fBiology));GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_S9, u.fHistory, sizeof(u.fHistory));UINT nID = GetCheckedRadioButton(IDC_MAN, IDC_GIRL);GetDlgItemText(nID, u.sSex, sizeof(u.sSex));//获取的日期赋给u，再存入文件，使用memcpy()会出现尾部乱码strncpy(u.sBirthday, (LPCTSTR)str, sizeof(u.sBirthday));   //求总分、平均分,atof()char类型转换为doubledouble total = atof(u.fChinese) + atof(u.fMath) + atof(u.fEnglish) + atof(u.fSport)+atof(u.fPhysics) + atof(u.fChemistry) + atof(u.fBiology) + atof(u.fHistory);double ave = total/8.0;//sprintf()double转换为char类型sprintf(u.fTotal,"%.2lf",total);sprintf(u.fAve,"%.2lf",ave);//str.Format("%s + %s", u.fTotal, u.fAve);//AfxMessageBox(str);CFile file;if((CString)u.strID != (CString)theApp.temp.strID) {AfxMessageBox("请输入同一学号！");SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_NO, theApp.temp.strID);}if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeRead)) {MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}int i=0;Student ur;while(file.Read(&ur, sizeof(ur))) {       //读取学生成绩储存文件，找到该学生信息储存的对应位置if((CString)theApp.temp.strID == (CString)ur.strID) {break;}i++;}       file.Close();if (!file.Open("./studentfile.dat", CFile::modeWrite)) {MessageBox(_T("无法打开文件！"), _T("错误"), MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);return;}file.SeekToBegin();    file.Seek(i*sizeof(u), CFile::current);     // 重新设置file文件的写指针时期刚好在要修改的学生信息那里file.Write(&u, sizeof(u));//str.Format("%s, %s", u.strID, u.strName);//AfxMessageBox(str); AfxMessageBox("修改保存成功！"); //提示保存成功file.Close();CDialog::OnOK();
}void CStuModifyDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS1(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore1 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore1, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuModifyDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS2(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore2 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore2, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuModifyDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS3(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore3 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore3, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuModifyDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS4(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore4 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore4, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}
void CStuModifyDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS6(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore6 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore6, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuModifyDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS7(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore7 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore7, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuModifyDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS8(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore8 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore8, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}void CStuModifyDlg::OnDeltaposSpinS9(NMHDR* pNMHDR, LRESULT* pResult)
{NM_UPDOWN* pNMUpDown = (NM_UPDOWN*)pNMHDR;// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereUpdateData(TRUE);m_fScore9 = SetSpinScore(m_fScore9, pNMUpDown);UpdateData(FALSE);*pResult = 0;
}
//设置旋转控件与编辑框内容增量减量绑定函数
float CStuModifyDlg::SetSpinScore(float f, NM_UPDOWN *p)
{f += (float)p->iDelta * 0.5f;if(f<0.0)f = 0.0f;if(f>100.0)f = 100.0f;return f;
}//验证添加编辑框是否有输入
BOOL CStuModifyDlg::IsValidate()
{UpdateData();m_strName.TrimLeft();m_strNo.TrimLeft();m_strAddress.TrimLeft();m_sAge.TrimLeft();if(m_strName.IsEmpty())  {MessageBox("请输入姓名");return FALSE;} else if(m_strNo.IsEmpty()) {MessageBox("请输入学号");return FALSE;} else if(m_strAddress.IsEmpty()) {MessageBox("请输入地址");return FALSE;} else if(m_sAge.IsEmpty()) {MessageBox("请输入年龄");return FALSE;} return TRUE;
}

（五）登录子对话框源代码

设置程序启动先调用Login子对话框

// Ex_Student.cpp : Defines the class behaviors for the application.
//#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Ex_Student.h"
#include "Ex_StudentDlg.h"
#include "LoginDlg.h"#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif/
// CEx_StudentAppBEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CEx_StudentApp, CWinApp)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CEx_StudentApp)// NOTE - the ClassWizard will add and remove mapping macros here.//    DO NOT EDIT what you see in these blocks of generated code!//}}AFX_MSGON_COMMAND(ID_HELP, CWinApp::OnHelp)
END_MESSAGE_MAP()/
// CEx_StudentApp constructionCEx_StudentApp::CEx_StudentApp()
{// TODO: add construction code here,// Place all significant initialization in InitInstance
}/
// The one and only CEx_StudentApp objectCEx_StudentApp theApp;/
// CEx_StudentApp initializationBOOL CEx_StudentApp::InitInstance()
{AfxEnableControlContainer();// Standard initialization// If you are not using these features and wish to reduce the size//  of your final executable, you should remove from the following//  the specific initialization routines you do not need.#ifdef _AFXDLLEnable3dControls();           // Call this when using MFC in a shared DLL
#elseEnable3dControlsStatic();  // Call this when linking to MFC statically
#endif//调用登录对话框CLoginDlg dlg;         if (IDCANCEL == dlg.DoModal())return FALSE;// Since the dialog has been closed, return FALSE so that we exit the//  application, rather than start the application's message pump.return FALSE;
}

// LoginDlg.cpp : implementation file
//#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Ex_Student.h"
#include "LoginDlg.h"
#include "Ex_StudentDlg.h"#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif/
// CLoginDlg dialogCLoginDlg::CLoginDlg(CWnd* pParent /*=NULL*/): CDialog(CLoginDlg::IDD, pParent)
{//{{AFX_DATA_INIT(CLoginDlg)// NOTE: the ClassWizard will add member initialization here//}}AFX_DATA_INIT
}void CLoginDlg::DoDataExchange(CDataExchange* pDX)
{CDialog::DoDataExchange(pDX);//{{AFX_DATA_MAP(CLoginDlg)// NOTE: the ClassWizard will add DDX and DDV calls here//}}AFX_DATA_MAP
}BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CLoginDlg, CDialog)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CLoginDlg)ON_BN_CLICKED(IDOK, OnBtnClickedOK)//}}AFX_MSG_MAP
END_MESSAGE_MAP()/
// CLoginDlg message handlers
//登陆按钮控件函数
void CLoginDlg::OnBtnClickedOK()
{// TODO: Add your control notification handler code hereCString sid, spw;GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_USER, sid);GetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_PASSWD, spw);if(sid == "admin" && spw == "123") {CEx_StudentDlg dlg;if (dlg.DoModal() == IDOK){// TODO: Place code here to handle when the dialog is}CDialog::OnOK();}else {AfxMessageBox("用户名或密码错误\n管理员: admin\n密码: 123");   //密码错误则弹出窗口提示错误SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_USER, "");        //重置两个编辑框SetDlgItemText(IDC_EDIT_PASSWD, "");this->SetFocus();}
}

（六）图像绘制主框架源代码

创建一个单文档用来显示学生各科成绩的条状图和折线图
头文件

// Ex_DrawStuView.h : interface of the CEx_DrawStuView class
//
/#if !defined(AFX_EX_DRAWSTUVIEW_H__B14A5A68_E484_4D94_A204_82FF380CA2C5__INCLUDED_)
#define AFX_EX_DRAWSTUVIEW_H__B14A5A68_E484_4D94_A204_82FF380CA2C5__INCLUDED_#if _MSC_VER > 1000
#pragma once
#endif // _MSC_VER > 1000class CEx_DrawStuView : public CView
{protected: // create from serialization onlyCEx_DrawStuView();DECLARE_DYNCREATE(CEx_DrawStuView)// Attributes
public:CEx_DrawStuDoc* GetDocument();// Operations
public:// Overrides// ClassWizard generated virtual function overrides//{{AFX_VIRTUAL(CEx_DrawStuView)public:virtual void OnDraw(CDC* pDC);  // overridden to draw this viewvirtual BOOL PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs);protected:virtual BOOL OnPreparePrinting(CPrintInfo* pInfo);virtual void OnBeginPrinting(CDC* pDC, CPrintInfo* pInfo);virtual void OnEndPrinting(CDC* pDC, CPrintInfo* pInfo);//}}AFX_VIRTUAL// Implementation
public:void ButtonEnable();void ButtonUnenable();void OnButtonChemistryLineShow();void OnButtonBiologyLineShow();void OnButtonHistoryLineShow();void OnButtonPhysicsLineShow();void OnButtonBiologyShow();void OnButtonChemistryShow();void OnButtonHistoryShow();void OnButtonPhysicsShow();void OnButtonOpenFile();void OnButtonSportLineShow();void OnButtonEnglishLineShow();void OnButtonMathLineShow();void OnButtonChineseLineShow();void OnButtonSportShow();void OnButtonEnglishShow();void OnButtonMathShow();float m_Num[100];CString GetFileName();void OnButtonChineseShow();//定义按钮CButton m_btnChinese;CButton m_btnMath;CButton m_btnEnglish;CButton m_btnPhysics;CButton m_btnBiology;CButton m_btnHistory;CButton m_btnChemistry;CButton m_btnSport;CButton m_btnChineseLine;CButton m_btnMathLine;CButton m_btnEnglishLine;CButton m_btnPhysicsLine;CButton m_btnBiologyLine;CButton m_btnHistoryLine;CButton m_btnChemistryLine;CButton m_btnSportLine;CButton m_buttonOpenFile;int OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct);void DrawScore(CDC* pDC, float * fScore, int nNum, CString title);void DrawLine(CDC* pDC, float* fScore, int nNum, CString title);virtual ~CEx_DrawStuView();
#ifdef _DEBUGvirtual void AssertValid() const;virtual void Dump(CDumpContext& dc) const;
#endifprotected:// Generated message map functions
protected://{{AFX_MSG(CEx_DrawStuView)//}}AFX_MSGDECLARE_MESSAGE_MAP()
};#ifndef _DEBUG  // debug version in Ex_DrawStuView.cpp
inline CEx_DrawStuDoc* CEx_DrawStuView::GetDocument(){ return (CEx_DrawStuDoc*)m_pDocument; }
#endif///{{AFX_INSERT_LOCATION}}
// Microsoft Visual C++ will insert additional declarations immediately before the previous line.#endif // !defined(AFX_EX_DRAWSTUVIEW_H__B14A5A68_E484_4D94_A204_82FF380CA2C5__INCLUDED_)

源文件cpp

// Ex_DrawStuView.cpp : implementation of the CEx_DrawStuView class
//#include "stdafx.h"
#include "Ex_DrawStu.h"#include "Ex_DrawStuDoc.h"
#include "Ex_DrawStuView.h"
extern CEx_DrawStuApp theApp;#ifdef _DEBUG
#define new DEBUG_NEW
#undef THIS_FILE
static char THIS_FILE[] = __FILE__;
#endif/
// CEx_DrawStuViewIMPLEMENT_DYNCREATE(CEx_DrawStuView, CView)BEGIN_MESSAGE_MAP(CEx_DrawStuView, CView)//{{AFX_MSG_MAP(CEx_DrawStuView)ON_WM_CREATE()//}}AFX_MSG_MAP// Standard printing commandsON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT, CView::OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_DIRECT, CView::OnFilePrint)ON_COMMAND(ID_FILE_PRINT_PREVIEW, CView::OnFilePrintPreview)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_CHINESE, OnButtonChineseShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_MATH, OnButtonMathShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_ENGLISH, OnButtonEnglishShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_PHYSICS, OnButtonPhysicsShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_HISTORY, OnButtonHistoryShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_CHEMISTRY, OnButtonChemistryShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_BIOLOGY, OnButtonBiologyShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_SPORT, OnButtonSportShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_CHINESE_LINE, OnButtonChineseLineShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_MATH_LINE, OnButtonMathLineShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_ENGLISH_LINE, OnButtonEnglishLineShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_SPORT_LINE, OnButtonSportLineShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_PHYSICS_LINE, OnButtonPhysicsLineShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_HISTORY_LINE, OnButtonHistoryLineShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_BIOLOGY_LINE, OnButtonBiologyLineShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_HIGGER_CHEMISTRY_LINE, OnButtonChemistryLineShow)ON_COMMAND(IDC_BUTOON_OPENFILE, OnButtonOpenFile)END_MESSAGE_MAP()/
// CEx_DrawStuView construction/destructionCEx_DrawStuView::CEx_DrawStuView()
{// TODO: add construction code here}CEx_DrawStuView::~CEx_DrawStuView()
{}BOOL CEx_DrawStuView::PreCreateWindow(CREATESTRUCT& cs)
{// TODO: Modify the Window class or styles here by modifying//  the CREATESTRUCT csreturn CView::PreCreateWindow(cs);
}/
// CEx_DrawStuView drawingvoid CEx_DrawStuView::OnDraw(CDC* pDC)
{CEx_DrawStuDoc* pDoc = GetDocument();ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);// TODO: add draw code for native data here
}/
// CEx_DrawStuView printingBOOL CEx_DrawStuView::OnPreparePrinting(CPrintInfo* pInfo)
{// default preparationreturn DoPreparePrinting(pInfo);
}void CEx_DrawStuView::OnBeginPrinting(CDC* /*pDC*/, CPrintInfo* /*pInfo*/)
{// TODO: add extra initialization before printing
}void CEx_DrawStuView::OnEndPrinting(CDC* /*pDC*/, CPrintInfo* /*pInfo*/)
{// TODO: add cleanup after printing
}/
// CEx_DrawStuView diagnostics#ifdef _DEBUG
void CEx_DrawStuView::AssertValid() const
{CView::AssertValid();
}void CEx_DrawStuView::Dump(CDumpContext& dc) const
{CView::Dump(dc);
}CEx_DrawStuDoc* CEx_DrawStuView::GetDocument() // non-debug version is inline
{ASSERT(m_pDocument->IsKindOf(RUNTIME_CLASS(CEx_DrawStuDoc)));return (CEx_DrawStuDoc*)m_pDocument;
}
#endif //_DEBUG/
// CEx_DrawStuView message handlers//画直方图函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::DrawScore(CDC *pDC, float *fScore, int nNum, CString title)
{int i;int nScoreNum[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0};         // 各成绩段的人数的初始值// 下面是用来统计各分数段的人数   for(i=0; i<nNum; i++) {int nSeg = (int)(fScore[i])/10;if (nSeg < 6) nSeg = 5;          // <60分    if (nSeg == 10) nSeg = 9;        // 当为100分，算为>90分数段   nScoreNum[nSeg - 5] ++;          // 各分数段计数   }int nSegNum = sizeof(nScoreNum)/sizeof(int);          //计算有多少个分数段//求分数段上的最大的人数int nNumMax = nScoreNum[0];for(i=1; i<nSegNum; i++) {if(nNumMax < nScoreNum[i])nNumMax = nScoreNum[i];}CRect rc;GetClientRect(rc);rc.DeflateRect(180, 40);         //缩小矩形大小int nSegWidth = rc.Width() / nSegNum;       //计算每段的宽度int nSegHeight = rc.Height() / nNumMax;     //计算每段的单位高度COLORREF crSeg = RGB(0,0,192);              //定义一个颜色变量CBrush brush1(HS_FDIAGONAL, crSeg);CBrush brush2(HS_FDIAGONAL, crSeg);CPen pen(PS_INSIDEFRAME, 2, crSeg);CBrush* oldBrush = pDC->SelectObject(&brush1);    // 将brush1选入设备环境   CPen* oldPen = pDC->SelectObject(&pen);           // 将pen选 入设备环境  CRect rcSeg(rc);rcSeg.right = rcSeg.left + nSegWidth;CString strSeg[] = {"<60", "60-70", "70-80", "80-90", ">=90"};CRect rcStr;for(i=0; i<nSegNum; i++) {// 保证相邻的矩形填充样式不相同   if(i%2) pDC->SelectObject(&brush2);elsepDC->SelectObject(&brush1);rcSeg.top = rcSeg.bottom - nScoreNum[i]*nSegHeight - 2;pDC->Rectangle(rcSeg);if(nScoreNum[i]>0) {CString str;str.Format("%d 人", nScoreNum[i]);pDC->DrawText(str, rcSeg, DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER | DT_SINGLELINE);}rcStr = rcSeg;rcStr.top = rcStr.bottom + 2;rcStr.bottom += 20;pDC->DrawText(strSeg[i], rcStr, DT_CENTER | DT_VCENTER | DT_SINGLELINE);rcSeg.OffsetRect(nSegWidth, 0);}pDC->TextOut(500, 10, title);pDC->SelectObject(oldBrush);          // 恢复原来的画刷属性   pDC->SelectObject(oldPen);            // 恢复原来的画笔属性 CDC* pControlDC = pDC;pControlDC->SelectStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);//设置画刷CString str;pControlDC->MoveTo(180, 40);  //画y轴pControlDC->LineTo(180,380);pControlDC->MoveTo(180, 380);//画x轴pControlDC->LineTo(900, 380);
}
//画折线图
void CEx_DrawStuView::DrawLine(CDC *pDC, float *fScore, int nNum, CString title)
{int i;int nScoreNum[] = {0, 0, 0, 0, 0};         // 各成绩段的人数的初始值// 下面是用来统计各分数段的人数   for(i=0; i<nNum; i++) {int nSeg = (int)(fScore[i])/10;if (nSeg < 6) nSeg = 5;          // <60分    if (nSeg == 10) nSeg = 9;        // 当为100分，算为>90分数段   nScoreNum[nSeg - 5] ++;          // 各分数段计数   }CDC* pControlDC = pDC;pControlDC->SelectStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);    //设置画刷CString str;CString strSeg[] = { (CString)"<60", (CString)"60-70", (CString)"70-80", (CString)"80-90", (CString)">=90" };pControlDC->MoveTo(180, 40);          //画线的开始位置pControlDC->LineTo(180, 380);pControlDC->MoveTo(180, 380);         //画线的开始位置pControlDC->LineTo(900, 380);pControlDC->MoveTo(180, 380);for(i=0; i<5; i++) {pControlDC->SetPixel(0, 290, RGB(0, 0, 255));          //设置点的位置及颜色pControlDC->LineTo(i*140+220, 380 - (380*nScoreNum[i]/nNum));     //换两点之间的线str.Format("%d人", nScoreNum[i]);pControlDC->TextOut(i * 140 + 220,380 - (380 * nScoreNum[i] / nNum)-20, str);    //在线的上方输出文字pControlDC->TextOut(i * 140 + 220, 390, strSeg[i]);}pControlDC->TextOut(500, 10, title);
}// 创建各个成绩显示控件函数int CEx_DrawStuView::OnCreate(LPCREATESTRUCT lpCreateStruct)
{if (CView::OnCreate(lpCreateStruct) == -1)return -1;// TODO: Add your specialized creation code here //下面的button控件的ID还需添加到字串表m_buttonOpenFile.Create((CString)"打开数据文件",     //按钮标题WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,          //按钮风格CRect(10, 10, 120, 40),                     //按钮大小this,                                       //按钮父指针IDC_BUTOON_OPENFILE);                        //该按钮对应的ID号m_buttonOpenFile.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnChinese.Create((CString)"语文成绩(直方)",     //按钮标题WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,          //按钮风格CRect(10, 50, 120, 80),                     //按钮大小this,                                       //按钮父指针IDC_HIGGER_CHINESE);                        //该按钮对应的ID号m_btnChinese.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnMath.Create((CString)"数学成绩(直方)",     //按钮标题WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,          //按钮风格CRect(10, 90, 120, 120),                     //按钮大小this,                                       //按钮父指针IDC_HIGGER_MATH);                        //该按钮对应的ID号m_btnMath.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnEnglish.Create((CString)"英语成绩(直方)",     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(10, 130, 120, 160),                     this,                                       IDC_HIGGER_ENGLISH);                        m_btnEnglish.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnPhysics.Create((CString)"物理成绩(直方)",     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(10, 170, 120, 200),                     this,                                       IDC_HIGGER_PHYSICS);                        m_btnPhysics.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnChemistry.Create((CString)"化学成绩(直方)",     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(10, 210, 120, 240),                     this,                                       IDC_HIGGER_CHEMISTRY);                        m_btnChemistry.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnBiology.Create((CString)"生物成绩(直方)",     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(10, 250, 120, 280),                     this,                                       IDC_HIGGER_BIOLOGY);                        m_btnBiology.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnHistory.Create((CString)"历史成绩(直方)",     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(10, 290, 120, 320),                     this,                                       IDC_HIGGER_HISTORY);                        m_btnHistory.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnSport.Create((CString)"体育成绩(直方)",    WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,          CRect(10, 330, 120, 360),                     this,                                   IDC_HIGGER_SPORT);                      m_btnSport.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnChineseLine.Create((CString)"折线",          //语文  WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(120, 50, 170, 80),                    this,                                       IDC_HIGGER_CHINESE_LINE);                        m_btnChineseLine.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);   m_btnMathLine.Create((CString)"折线",            //数学     WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(120, 90, 170, 120),                     this,                                      IDC_HIGGER_MATH_LINE);                        m_btnMathLine.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnEnglishLine.Create((CString)"折线",         //英语          WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(120, 130, 170, 160),                     this,                                     IDC_HIGGER_ENGLISH_LINE);                        m_btnEnglishLine.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);          m_btnPhysicsLine.Create((CString)"折线",         //物理       WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(120, 170, 170, 200),                     this,                                     IDC_HIGGER_PHYSICS_LINE);                        m_btnPhysicsLine.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnChemistryLine.Create((CString)"折线",         //化学   WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(120, 210, 170, 240),                     this,                                     IDC_HIGGER_CHEMISTRY_LINE);                        m_btnChemistryLine.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnBiologyLine.Create((CString)"折线",          //生物    WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(120, 250, 170, 280),                     this,                                     IDC_HIGGER_BIOLOGY_LINE);                        m_btnBiologyLine.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnHistoryLine.Create((CString)"折线",          //历史      WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,         CRect(120, 290, 170, 320),                     this,                                     IDC_HIGGER_HISTORY_LINE);                        m_btnHistoryLine.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);m_btnSportLine.Create((CString)"折线",              //体育   WS_CHILD | WS_VISIBLE | WS_BORDER,          CRect(120, 330, 170, 360),                     this,                                     IDC_HIGGER_SPORT_LINE);                       m_btnSportLine.ShowWindow(SW_SHOWNORMAL);ButtonUnenable();       //按钮不可用return 0;
}
//语文成绩直方图控件按钮对应函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonChineseShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fChinese);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawScore(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "语文成绩直方图");}
//数学成绩直方图控件按钮对应函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonMathShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fMath);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawScore(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "数学成绩直方图");}
//英语成绩直方图控件按钮对应函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonEnglishShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fEnglish);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawScore(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "英语成绩直方图");
}
//体育成绩直方图控件按钮对应函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonSportShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fSport);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawScore(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "体育成绩直方图");
}
//物理成绩直方图
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonPhysicsShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fPhysics);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawScore(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "物理成绩直方图");
}
//历史成绩直方图
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonHistoryShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fHistory);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawScore(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "历史成绩直方图");
}
//化学成绩直方图
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonChemistryShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fChemistry);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawScore(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "化学成绩直方图");
}
//生物成绩直方图
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonBiologyShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fBiology);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawScore(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "生物成绩直方图");
}//语文成绩折线图控件按钮对应函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonChineseLineShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fChinese);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();    DrawLine(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "语文成绩折线图");
}
//数学成绩折线图控件按钮对应函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonMathLineShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fMath);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawLine(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "数学成绩折线图");
}
//英语成绩折线图控件按钮对应函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonEnglishLineShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fEnglish);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawLine(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "英语成绩折线图");
}
//体育成绩折线图控件按钮对应函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonSportLineShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fSport);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawLine(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "体育成绩折线图");
}
//物理折线
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonPhysicsLineShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fPhysics);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawLine(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "物理成绩折线图");
}
//历史折线
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonHistoryLineShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fHistory);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawLine(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "历史成绩折线图");
}
//生物折线
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonBiologyLineShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fBiology);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawLine(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "生物成绩折线图");
}
//化学折线
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonChemistryLineShow()
{for(int i=0; i<theApp.index; i++) {m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)theApp.stu[i].fChemistry);}InvalidateRect(NULL);UpdateWindow();DrawLine(GetDC(), m_Num, i, "化学成绩折线图");
}
//获取文件路径
CString CEx_DrawStuView::GetFileName()
{CString filter, strFileName;filter = "数据文件(*.dat)|*.dat||";CFileDialog dlg(TRUE, ".dat", NULL, OFN_HIDEREADONLY, filter);if(dlg.DoModal() == IDOK) {strFileName = dlg.GetPathName();       //获取文件路径CFileStatus status;if(!CFile::GetStatus(strFileName, status)) {MessageBox("文件不存在！", "错误", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);}        }return strFileName;
}//打开文件获取数据
void CEx_DrawStuView::OnButtonOpenFile()
{CString strFileName;//获取文件路径strFileName = GetFileName();CFile file;if(!file.Open(strFileName, CFile::modeReadWrite)) {MessageBox("文件无法打开,无法画图！", "错误", MB_OK | MB_ICONERROR);ButtonUnenable();       //按钮不可用return;}ButtonEnable();    //按钮可用Student u;int i=0, j=0;while(file.Read(&theApp.stu[i], sizeof(theApp.stu[i])) == sizeof(theApp.stu[i])) {//m_Num[i] = (float)atof((CString)u.fChinese);      i++;}theApp.index = i;file.Close();
}//按钮不可用函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::ButtonUnenable()
{m_btnChinese.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnMath.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnEnglish.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnPhysics.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnBiology.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnHistory.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnChemistry.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnSport.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnChineseLine.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnMathLine.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnEnglishLine.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnPhysicsLine.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnBiologyLine.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnHistoryLine.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnChemistryLine.EnableWindow(FALSE);m_btnSportLine.EnableWindow(FALSE);}
//按钮可用函数
void CEx_DrawStuView::ButtonEnable()
{m_btnChinese.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnMath.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnEnglish.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnPhysics.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnBiology.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnHistory.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnChemistry.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnSport.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnChineseLine.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnMathLine.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnEnglishLine.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnPhysicsLine.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnBiologyLine.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnHistoryLine.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnChemistryLine.EnableWindow(TRUE);m_btnSportLine.EnableWindow(TRUE);
}

字串表

下载地址：
https://download.csdn.net/download/qq_33290233/12078416