目录

  • Section One : Introduction
  • Section Two : Install package
  • Section Three : Step
  • Section Four : storcli/perccli Usage
  • Section Five : Smartctl Get Error info of Disks

定位硬盘盘位和盘符的方法

From Lin.Wang

Section One : Introduction

strocli是megacli的升级版本，针对于戴尔服务器是perccli，用法完全一致

smartctl可以查看磁盘的主控芯片smart信息

lsscsi可以查看系统的scsi信息，数据来源/proc/scsi/scsi相关，该文档此处暂不介绍

这些工具都是查看磁盘相关信息的常用工具，对于排查磁盘状态和raid卡问题都有帮助

Section Two : Install package

安装一下storcli或者perccli，并且将命令软连接到/usr/bin/目录下，方便使用命令：

ln -s /opt/MegaRAID/storcli/storcli64 /usr/bin/

ln -s /opt/MegaRAID/perccli/percclie64 /usr/bin/

Section Three : Step

由系统磁盘盘符/dev/sdf定位对应的硬盘盘位思路如下：

  1. perccli64 /c0/eall/sall show 看到该磁盘有

    img-/c0/eall/sall

    从该图看到有四个jbod分区，根据经验一般人为jbod的分区系统盘符会在raid分区之前，也就是说jbod的分区会从/dev/sda > /dev/sdd，raid的分区从/dev/sde开始；

    DG代表drive group，是配置raid建分组的顺序，有图上看到32:4和32:5是一个卷组。

  2. perccli64 /c0/vall show看到该磁盘的DG与VD的对应关系如下

img-/c0/vall

​ 由图上看到DG/VD就是raid的卷组和系统里卷组的顺序对应关系，一般如果服务器只有raid卷组来说的话，VD0就是操作系统里的/dev/sda，以此类推；但是如果服务器包括了jbod卷组，则raid的卷组从jbod后开始排序，本例中也就是VD0＝/dev/sde，则要定位/dev/sdf的话VD＝１，对应DG＝１；

​ 回到img-/c0/eall/sall上，DG为1时，DID=6，DID就是device id，这个概念后边有用；同时Slot NO.也就是slt = 6对应的服务器上盘位就是第７个（从0开始到6），此时即定位到了/dev/sdf的物理盘位。

反之从服务器上看到硬盘故障灯，可以反推对应的系统分区盘符

Note:

​ 如果服务器没有jbod卷组，全是raid的，则此时/c0/vall找到对应关系即可定位关联关系

​ 实际操作时还可以通过 perccli64 /c0/e32/s6 start/stop locate点亮关闭磁盘灯，来判断定位是否正确

Section Four : storcli/perccli Usage

查看控制器的信息

perccli64 show ctrlcount 查看有几个控制器即几个raid卡

perccli64 show 显示raid卡信息

[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 show
Status Code = 0
Status = Success
Description = NoneNumber of Controllers = 1
Host Name = node-15.domain.tld
Operating System  = Linux3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64System Overview :
===============------------------------------------------------------------------------
Ctl Model        Ports PDs DGs DNOpt VDs VNOpt BBU sPR DS EHS ASOs Hlth
------------------------------------------------------------------------0 PERCH730Mini     8  16  11     0  11     0 Opt On  3  N      0 Opt
------------------------------------------------------------------------Ctl=Controller Index|DGs=Drive groups|VDs=Virtual drives|Fld=Failed
PDs=Physical drives|DNOpt=DG NotOptimal|VNOpt=VD NotOptimal|Opt=Optimal
Msng=Missing|Dgd=Degraded|NdAtn=Need Attention|Unkwn=Unknown
sPR=Scheduled Patrol Read|DS=DimmerSwitch|EHS=Emergency Hot Spare
Y=Yes|N=No|ASOs=Advanced Software Options|BBU=Battery backup unit
Hlth=Health|Safe=Safe-mode boot

可以看到只有一个raid卡，ctrl 0也是就是/c0

storcli64 /c0 show

[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 /c0 show
Generating detailed summary of the adapter, it may take a while to complete.Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = NoneProduct Name = PERC H730 Mini
Serial Number = 663021Z
SAS Address =  51866da066153000
PCI Address = 00:03:00:00
System Time = 01/10/2019 20:48:38
Mfg. Date = 06/17/16
Controller Time = 01/10/2019 12:44:21
FW Package Build = 25.4.0.0017
BIOS Version = 6.29.00.0_4.16.07.00_0x06120100
FW Version = 4.260.00-6259
Driver Name = megaraid_sas
Driver Version = 06.807.10.00-rh1
Current Personality = RAID-Mode
Vendor Id = 0x1000
Device Id = 0x5D
SubVendor Id = 0x1028
SubDevice Id = 0x1F49
Host Interface = PCI-E
Device Interface = SAS-12G
Bus Number = 3
Device Number = 0
Function Number = 0
Drive Groups = 11TOPOLOGY :
========---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DG Arr Row EID:Slot DID Type  State BT     Size PDC  PI SED DS3  FSpace TR
---------------------------------------------------------------------------0 -   -   -        -   RAID1 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  0 0   -   -        -   RAID1 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  0 0   0   32:4     4   DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  0 0   1   32:5     5   DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  1 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  1 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  1 0   0   32:6     6   DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  2 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  2 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  2 0   0   32:7     7   DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  3 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  3 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  3 0   0   32:8     8   DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  4 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  4 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  4 0   0   32:9     9   DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  5 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  5 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  5 0   0   32:10    10  DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  6 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  6 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  6 0   0   32:11    11  DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  7 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  7 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  7 0   0   32:12    12  DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  8 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  8 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  8 0   0   32:13    13  DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N  9 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  9 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N  9 0   0   32:14    14  DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N
10 -   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N
10 0   -   -        -   RAID0 Optl  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt N      N
10 0   0   32:15    15  DRIVE Onln  N  931.0 GB dflt N  N   dflt -      N
---------------------------------------------------------------------------DG=Disk Group Index|Arr=Array Index|Row=Row Index|EID=Enclosure Device ID
DID=Device ID|Type=Drive Type|Onln=Online|Rbld=Rebuild|Dgrd=Degraded
Pdgd=Partially degraded|Offln=Offline|BT=Background Task Active
PDC=PD Cache|PI=Protection Info|SED=Self Encrypting Drive|Frgn=Foreign
DS3=Dimmer Switch 3|dflt=Default|Msng=Missing|FSpace=Free Space Present
TR=Transport ReadyVirtual Drives = 11VD LIST :
=======-------------------------------------------------------------
DG/VD TYPE  State Access Consist Cache Cac sCC     Size Name
-------------------------------------------------------------
0/0   RAID1 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
1/1   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
2/2   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
3/3   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
4/4   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
5/5   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
6/6   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
7/7   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
8/8   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
9/9   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
10/10 RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
-------------------------------------------------------------Cac=CacheCade|Rec=Recovery|OfLn=OffLine|Pdgd=Partially Degraded|Dgrd=Degraded
Optl=Optimal|RO=Read Only|RW=Read Write|HD=Hidden|TRANS=TransportReady|B=Blocked|
Consist=Consistent|R=Read Ahead Always|NR=No Read Ahead|WB=WriteBack|
FWB=Force WriteBack|WT=WriteThrough|C=Cached IO|D=Direct IO|sCC=Scheduled
Check ConsistencyPhysical Drives = 16PD LIST :
=======----------------------------------------------------------------------------
EID:Slt DID State DG      Size Intf Med SED PI SeSz Model                Sp
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
32:0      0 JBOD  -  185.75 GB SATA SSD N   N  512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:1      1 JBOD  -  185.75 GB SATA SSD N   N  512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:2      2 JBOD  -  185.75 GB SATA SSD N   N  512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:3      3 JBOD  -  185.75 GB SATA SSD N   N  512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:4      4 Onln  0   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:5      5 Onln  0   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:6      6 Onln  1   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:7      7 Onln  2   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:8      8 Onln  3   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:9      9 Onln  4   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:10    10 Onln  5   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:11    11 Onln  6   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:12    12 Onln  7   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:13    13 Onln  8   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:14    14 Onln  9   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:15    15 Onln  10  931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
----------------------------------------------------------------------------EID-Enclosure Device ID|Slt-Slot No.|DID-Device ID|DG-DriveGroup
DHS-Dedicated Hot Spare|UGood-Unconfigured Good|GHS-Global Hotspare
UBad-Unconfigured Bad|Onln-Online|Offln-Offline|Intf-Interface
Med-Media Type|SED-Self Encryptive Drive|PI-Protection Info
SeSz-Sector Size|Sp-Spun|U-Up|D-Down/PowerSave|T-Transition|F-Foreign
UGUnsp-Unsupported|UGShld-UnConfigured shielded|HSPShld-Hotspare shielded
CFShld-Configured shielded|Cpybck-CopyBack|CBShld-Copyback ShieldedBBU_Info :
========----------------------------------------------
Model State   RetentionTime Temp Mode MfgDate
----------------------------------------------
BBU   Optimal 0 hour(s)     38C  -    0/00/00
----------------------------------------------
看磁盘的Device id、Slot No. 以及DriveGroup
[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 /c0/eall/sall show
Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = Show Drive Information Succeeded.Drive Information :
=================----------------------------------------------------------------------------
EID:Slt DID State DG      Size Intf Med SED PI SeSz Model                Sp
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
32:0      0 JBOD  -  185.75 GB SATA SSD N   N  512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:1      1 JBOD  -  185.75 GB SATA SSD N   N  512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:2      2 JBOD  -  185.75 GB SATA SSD N   N  512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:3      3 JBOD  -  185.75 GB SATA SSD N   N  512B INTEL SSDSC2BX200G4R U
32:4      4 Onln  0   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:5      5 Onln  0   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:6      6 Onln  1   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:7      7 Onln  2   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:8      8 Onln  3   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:9      9 Onln  4   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:10    10 Onln  5   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:11    11 Onln  6   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:12    12 Onln  7   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:13    13 Onln  8   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:14    14 Onln  9   931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
32:15    15 Onln  10  931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS         U
----------------------------------------------------------------------------EID-Enclosure Device ID|Slt-Slot No.|DID-Device ID|DG-DriveGroup
DHS-Dedicated Hot Spare|UGood-Unconfigured Good|GHS-Global Hotspare
UBad-Unconfigured Bad|Onln-Online|Offln-Offline|Intf-Interface
Med-Media Type|SED-Self Encryptive Drive|PI-Protection Info
SeSz-Sector Size|Sp-Spun|U-Up|D-Down/PowerSave|T-Transition|F-Foreign
UGUnsp-Unsupported|UGShld-UnConfigured shielded|HSPShld-Hotspare shielded
CFShld-Configured shielded|Cpybck-CopyBack|CBShld-Copyback Shielded

Note:

​ 根据经验，在centos系统里的默认udev规则下,jbod的分区在raid的分区之前(如果在线修改的,重启后会变成jbod在前),通过lsscsi命令可以发现在同一个raid控制器下,jbod的分区的channel值小于raid分区的值,类似下图, 第一个字段的第二个值0是jbod和2是raid的区别.

[root@SZVPN-2 udev]# lsscsi
[0:0:24:0]   disk    IBM-ESXS MBF2600RC        SB2C  /dev/sda
[0:2:0:0]    disk    IBM      ServeRAID M5110e 3.19  /dev/sdb
[0:2:1:0]    disk    IBM      ServeRAID M5110e 3.19  /dev/sdc

并且jbod设备的分区在系统里被udev规则识别得到的scsi_level高于raid分区.

udevadm -ap /sys/class/block/sdx |grep scsi_level

我的测试值jbod的scsi_level是7而raid的scsi_level是6.

相应的udev规则是 /lib/udev/rules.d/60-persistent-storage.rules

scsci_level: ATTRS{scsi_level}=="[6-9]*"

查看指定硬盘的信息
[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 /c0/e32/s6 show all
Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = Show Drive Information Succeeded.Drive /c0/e32/s6 :
================-------------------------------------------------------------------
EID:Slt DID State DG     Size Intf Med SED PI SeSz Model        Sp
-------------------------------------------------------------------
32:6      6 Onln   1 931.0 GB SATA HDD N   N  512B ST91000640NS U
-------------------------------------------------------------------EID-Enclosure Device ID|Slt-Slot No.|DID-Device ID|DG-DriveGroup
DHS-Dedicated Hot Spare|UGood-Unconfigured Good|GHS-Global Hotspare
UBad-Unconfigured Bad|Onln-Online|Offln-Offline|Intf-Interface
Med-Media Type|SED-Self Encryptive Drive|PI-Protection Info
SeSz-Sector Size|Sp-Spun|U-Up|D-Down/PowerSave|T-Transition|F-Foreign
UGUnsp-Unsupported|UGShld-UnConfigured shielded|HSPShld-Hotspare shielded
CFShld-Configured shielded|Cpybck-CopyBack|CBShld-Copyback ShieldedDrive /c0/e32/s6 - Detailed Information :
=======================================Drive /c0/e32/s6 State :
======================
Shield Counter = 0
Media Error Count = 46431               *** 很明显的问题发生了46431次介质错误 ***
Other Error Count = 0
Drive Temperature =  31C (87.80 F)
Predictive Failure Count = 126          *** 预测故障次数126次 ***
S.M.A.R.T alert flagged by drive = YesDrive /c0/e32/s6 Device attributes :
==================================
SN = 9XGA228L
Manufacturer Id = ATA
Model Number = ST91000640NS
NAND Vendor = NA
WWN = 5000c500918f2f8a
Firmware Revision =     AA63
Raw size = 931.512 GB [0x74706db0 Sectors]
Coerced size = 931.0 GB [0x74600000 Sectors]
Non Coerced size = 931.012 GB [0x74606db0 Sectors]
Device Speed = 6.0Gb/s
Link Speed = 12.0Gb/s
NCQ setting = N/A
Write Cache = Enabled
Logical Sector Size = 512B
Physical Sector Size = 512B
Connector Name = 00 Drive /c0/e32/s6 Policies/Settings :
==================================
Drive position = DriveGroup:1, Span:0, Row:0
Enclosure position = 0
Connected Port Number = 0(path0)
Sequence Number = 2
Commissioned Spare = No
Emergency Spare = No
Last Predictive Failure Event Sequence Number = 95183    *** 上一次预测错误的序号95183 ***
Successful diagnostics completion on = N/A
SED Capable = No
SED Enabled = No
Secured = No
Cryptographic Erase Capable = No
Locked = No
Needs EKM Attention = No
PI Eligible = No
Certified = Yes
Wide Port Capable = NoPort Information :
================-----------------------------------------
Port Status Linkspeed SAS address
-----------------------------------------0 Active 12.0Gb/s  0x500056b33fefe586
-----------------------------------------Inquiry Data =
5a 0c ff 3f 37 c8 10 00 00 00 00 00 3f 00 00 00
00 00 00 00 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
58 39 41 47 32 32 4c 38 00 00 00 00 04 00 20 20
20 20 41 41 33 36 54 53 31 39 30 30 36 30 30 34
53 4e 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20
20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 20 10 80
00 40 00 2f 00 40 00 02 00 02 07 00 ff 3f 10 00
3f 00 10 fc fb 00 10 00 ff ff ff 0f 00 00 07 00

Note:

通过单个卷组的信息查看，发现了media error，说明了硬盘是有问题的

查看磁盘与系统磁盘分区的对应
[root@node-15 ~]# perccli64 /c0/vall show
Controller = 0
Status = Success
Description = NoneVirtual Drives :
==============-------------------------------------------------------------
DG/VD TYPE  State Access Consist Cache Cac sCC     Size Name
-------------------------------------------------------------
0/0   RAID1 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
1/1   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
2/2   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
3/3   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
4/4   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
5/5   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
6/6   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
7/7   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
8/8   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
9/9   RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
10/10 RAID0 Optl  RW     Yes     RWBD  -   OFF 931.0 GB
-------------------------------------------------------------Cac=CacheCade|Rec=Recovery|OfLn=OffLine|Pdgd=Partially Degraded|Dgrd=Degraded
Optl=Optimal|RO=Read Only|RW=Read Write|HD=Hidden|TRANS=TransportReady|B=Blocked|
Consist=Consistent|R=Read Ahead Always|NR=No Read Ahead|WB=WriteBack|
FWB=Force WriteBack|WT=WriteThrough|C=Cached IO|D=Direct IO|sCC=Scheduled
Check Consistency

Note:

VD：一般认为是该硬盘在系统里的设备顺序，一般如果只有raid分区，那么VD=0的就是系统里的/dev/sda，VD=1就是/dev/sdb以此类推，但是如果有jbod的分区，先排列jbod分区，如jbod的到了/dev/sdc，VD０则是/dev/sdd，以此类推；
DG：是在raid卡里配置卷组的顺序；

Raid卡日志收集相关命令

storcli64 /c0 show time 显示raid的时间

storcli64 /c0 show alilog logfile=node-x.alilog 获取alilog，所有的log都包括了

storcli64 /c0 show all logfile=node-x.all.log raid卡的信息

storcli64 /c0 show badblocks 磁盘坏道的信息

perccli64 /c0 show events filter=fatal 显示事件级别为fatal的，可以获取所有毁灭性事件的信息，发现磁盘故障或raid卡故障

perccli64 /c0 show cc 数据一致性检测，raid1以上的级别多个盘的数据是需要进行一致性检测的，但是单盘raid0可能是不需要的，是否影响性能不确定

Section Five : Smartctl Get Error info of Disks

Common Commands Usage Description

--scan Scan for devices

--scan-open Scan for devices and try to open each device

-x, --xall Show all information for device

-a, --all Show all SMART information for device

-i, --info Show identity information for device

-d TYPE, --device=TYPE Specify device type to one of: ata, scsi, nvme[,NSID], sat[,auto][,N][+TYPE], usbcypress[,X], usbjmicron[,p][,x][,N], usbprolific, usbsunplus, marvell, areca,N/E, 3ware,N, hpt,L/M/N, megaraid,N, aacraid,H,L,ID, cciss,N, auto, test

-s VALUE, --smart=VALUE Enable/disable SMART on device (on/off)

-o VALUE, --offlineauto=VALUE(ATA) Enable/disable automatic offline testing on device (on/off)

-S VALUE, --saveauto=VALUE(ATA) Enable/disable Attribute autosave on device (on/off)

-H, --health Show device SMART health status

-c, --capabilities(ATA,NVMe) Show device SMART capabilities

-A, --attributes Show device SMART vendor-specific Attributes and values

-l TYPE, --log=TYPE Show device log. TYPE: error, selftest, selective, directory[,g|s],
​ xerror[,N][,error], xselftest[,N][,selftest],
​ background, sasphy[,reset], sataphy[,reset],
​ scttemp[sts,hist], scttempint,N[,p],
​ scterc[,N,M], devstat[,N], ssd,
​ gplog,N[,RANGE], smartlog,N[,RANGE],
​ nvmelog,N,SIZE

-t TEST, --test=TEST Run test. TEST: offline, short, long, conveyance, force, vendor,N,
​ select,M-N, pending,N, afterselect,[on|off]

-X, --abort Abort any non-captive test on device

Get info for /dev/sdf

查看所有设备列表
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl --scan
/dev/sda -d scsi # /dev/sda, SCSI device
/dev/sdb -d scsi # /dev/sdb, SCSI device
/dev/sdc -d scsi # /dev/sdc, SCSI device
/dev/sdd -d scsi # /dev/sdd, SCSI device
/dev/sde -d scsi # /dev/sde, SCSI device
/dev/sdf -d scsi # /dev/sdf, SCSI device
/dev/sdg -d scsi # /dev/sdg, SCSI device
/dev/sdh -d scsi # /dev/sdh, SCSI device
/dev/sdi -d scsi # /dev/sdi, SCSI device
/dev/sdj -d scsi # /dev/sdj, SCSI device
/dev/sdk -d scsi # /dev/sdk, SCSI device
/dev/sdl -d scsi # /dev/sdl, SCSI device
/dev/sdm -d scsi # /dev/sdm, SCSI device
/dev/sdn -d scsi # /dev/sdn, SCSI device
/dev/sdo -d scsi # /dev/sdo, SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,0 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_00], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,1 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_01], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,2 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_02], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,3 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_03], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,4 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_04], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,5 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_05], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,6 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_06], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,7 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_07], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,8 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_08], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,9 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_09], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,10 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_10], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,11 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_11], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,12 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_12], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,13 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_13], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,14 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_14], SCSI device
/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,15 # /dev/bus/0 [megaraid_disk_15], SCSI device

Note:

通过前面的章节我们定位到了磁盘/dev/sdf在perccli里的DID即device_id为6，也就是/dev/bus/0 -d megaraid,6

查看磁盘信息
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl -i -d megaraid,6 /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Seagate Constellation.2 (SATA)
Device Model:     ST91000640NS
Serial Number:    9XGA228L
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 0918f2f8a
Add. Product Id:  DELL(tm)
Firmware Version: AA63
User Capacity:    1,000,204,886,016 bytes [1.00 TB]
Sector Size:      512 bytes logical/physical
Rotation Rate:    7200 rpm
Form Factor:      2.5 inches
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 4
SATA Version is:  SATA 3.0, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is:    Fri Jan 11 11:28:46 2019 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
查看磁盘的属性信息

一般此处可以用来查看磁盘的整体健康状态指标参数

针对以下输出信息，字段的解释

  • ID：属性ID，通常是一个1到255之间的十进制或十六进制的数字。
  • ATTRIBUTE_NAME：硬盘制造商定义的属性名。
  • FLAG：属性操作标志（可以忽略）。
  • VALUE：这是表格中最重要的信息之一，代表给定属性的标准化值，在1到253之间。253意味着最好情况，1意味着最坏情况。取决于属性和制造商，初始化VALUE可以被设置成100或200.
  • WORST：所记录的最小VALUE。
  • THRESH：在报告硬盘FAILED状态前，WORST可以允许的最小值，也就是WORST如果小于THRESH,磁盘就会报告FAILED。
  • TYPE：属性的类型（Pre-fail或Oldage）。Pre-fail类型的属性可被看成一个关键属性，表示参与磁盘的整体SMART健康评估（PASSED/FAILED）。如果任何Pre-fail类型的属性故障，那么可视为磁盘将要发生故障。另一方面，Oldage类型的属性可被看成一个非关键的属性（如正常的磁盘磨损），表示不会使磁盘本身发生故障。
  • UPDATED：表示属性的更新频率。Offline代表磁盘上执行离线测试的时间。
  • WHEN_FAILED：如果VALUE小于等于THRESH，会被设置成“FAILING_NOW”；如果WORST小于等于THRESH会被设置成“In_the_past”；如果都不是，会被设置成“-”。在“FAILING_NOW”情况下，需要尽快备份重要文件，特别是属性是Pre-fail类型时。“In_the_past”代表属性已经故障了，但在运行测试的时候没问题。“-”代表这个属性从没故障过。
  • RAW_VALUE：制造商定义的原始值，从VALUE派生。
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl -A -d megaraid,6 /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x010f   081   038   044    Pre-fail  Always   In_the_past 1515467653 Spin_Up_Time            0x0103   094   094   000    Pre-fail  Always       -       04 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   020    Old_age   Always       -       215 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0133   100   100   036    Pre-fail  Always       -       07 Seek_Error_Rate         0x000f   085   060   030    Pre-fail  Always       -       3388131059 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   079   079   000    Old_age   Always       -       1878410 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0013   100   100   097    Pre-fail  Always       -       012 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   020    Old_age   Always       -       21
184 End-to-End_Error        0x0032   100   100   099    Old_age   Always       -       0
187 Reported_Uncorrect      0x0032   001   001   000    Old_age   Always       -       1710
188 Command_Timeout         0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
189 High_Fly_Writes         0x003a   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022   069   053   045    Old_age   Always       -       31 (Min/Max 24/40)
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate      0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       19
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       852
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   031   047   000    Old_age   Always       -       31 (0 14 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered  0x001a   117   099   000    Old_age   Always       -       151546765
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0012   084   084   000    Old_age   Always       -       688
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0010   084   084   000    Old_age   Offline      -       688
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x003e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
240 Head_Flying_Hours       0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       8093 (164 214 0)
241 Total_LBAs_Written      0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       1870535293
242 Total_LBAs_Read         0x0000   100   253   000    Old_age   Offline      -       1530387871
查看磁盘的健康检测状态

Note:

关于以下检测结果，说明检测结果是PASSED的，就是磁盘还可以使用，但是列出了一条检测异常的WORST<THRESH，TYPE是Pre-fail，WHEN_FAILED是In_the_past，说明预测这个盘快坏了。

[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl -H -d megaraid,6 /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Status not supported: ATA return descriptor not supported by controller firmware
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
Warning: This result is based on an Attribute check.
Please note the following marginal Attributes:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x010f   081   038   044    Pre-fail  Always   In_the_past 151546765
查看磁盘的错误日志
[root@node-15 ~]# smartctl -l error -d megaraid,6 /dev/sdf
smartctl 6.5 2016-05-07 r4318 [x86_64-linux-3.10.0-327.20.1.es2.el7.x86_64] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-16, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 46431 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)CR = Command Register [HEX]FR = Features Register [HEX]SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]DC = Device Command Register [HEX]ER = Error register [HEX]ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.Error 46431 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.After command completion occurred, registers were:ER ST SC SN CL CH DH-- -- -- -- -- -- --40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:32.968  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:29.901  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:26.825  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:23.965  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:20.905  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXTError 46430 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.After command completion occurred, registers were:ER ST SC SN CL CH DH-- -- -- -- -- -- --40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:29.901  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:26.825  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:23.965  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:20.905  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:18.093  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXTError 46429 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.After command completion occurred, registers were:ER ST SC SN CL CH DH-- -- -- -- -- -- --40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:26.825  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:23.965  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:20.905  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:18.093  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXTb0 da 00 00 4f c2 00 00  46d+15:15:17.838  SMART RETURN STATUSError 46428 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.After command completion occurred, registers were:ER ST SC SN CL CH DH-- -- -- -- -- -- --40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:23.965  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:20.905  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:18.093  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXTb0 da 00 00 4f c2 00 00  46d+15:15:17.838  SMART RETURN STATUS2f 00 01 e0 00 00 40 00  46d+15:15:17.703  READ LOG EXTError 46427 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 18640 hours (776 days + 16 hours)When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.After command completion occurred, registers were:ER ST SC SN CL CH DH-- -- -- -- -- -- --40 51 00 ff ff ff 0f  Error: UNC at LBA = 0x0fffffff = 268435455Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC   Powered_Up_Time  Command/Feature_Name-- -- -- -- -- -- -- --  ----------------  --------------------42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:20.905  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:18.093  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXTb0 da 00 00 4f c2 00 00  46d+15:15:17.838  SMART RETURN STATUS2f 00 01 e0 00 00 40 00  46d+15:15:17.703  READ LOG EXT42 00 00 ff ff ff 4f 00  46d+15:15:15.276  READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT
补充
  • 如果没有开启磁盘的smart可以通过-s on device开启
  • 一般来说如果samrtctl -i 获取info时没有什么信息输出且smart support是允许的可用的，那么说明可能需要做test才能获取到-t short/long，该测试不会破坏硬盘上的数据，但对于存储一般不适用离线offline测试
  • 收集时可以通过-x -a参数获取更全面的磁盘信息
  • smartctl是可以配置服务的/etc/smartmontools/smartd.conf，对此目前没有研究，后续有研究成果再更新

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/wangl-blog/p/10839635.html

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