Altera FPGA NIOS使用Triple-Speed Ethernet三速以太网IP核驱动RTL8201CP百兆网口，并使用lwip2.1.2协议栈建立http服务器，支持IPv6

Quartus II 13.0工程下载地址：百度网盘请输入提取码（提取码：jqpv，内含三速以太网license.dat）

基于小梅哥AC620开发板的NIOS II LWIP百兆以太网例程移植到自己做的板子上：基于小梅哥AC620开发板的NIOS II LWIP百兆以太网例程移植到自己做的板子上_ZLK1214的专栏-CSDN博客

如果是自己建工程的话，添加完lwip后，需要把lwip-2.1.2/include添加到头文件包含路径中，否则会提示很多变量和函数未定义。

Quartus II 13.0sp1 NIOS添加include头文件包含路径的方法_ZLK1214的专栏-CSDN博客

易错点：如果电脑上的quartus ii没有破解三速以太网ip核，综合生成的文件是main_time_limited.sof，原来的main.sof并没有修改。
不注意的话，烧写的是main.sof，再运行程序，就会报错，提示timestamp不匹配。
综合完成后请一定要核对烧写的sof文件的修改日期，否则会一直提示timestamp不匹配。

【开发板】

开发板型号：小梅哥AC620
FPGA型号：EP4CE10F17C8N
晶振频率：50MHz
SDRAM型号：W9812G6KH-6（容量为16MB）
PHY芯片型号：RTL8201CP（MII接口，百兆以太网PHY芯片）

【电路图】

【程序功能展示】

1. ping通开发板的NetBIOS设备名，IPv4地址和IPv6地址

2. 访问开发板上的http服务器（设备名方式、IPv6方式）：

3. 在路由器管理页面看到开发板的信息：

4. PHY芯片自动协商网口速率和双工模式，程序带网口热插拔检测：

5. DHCP获取IPv4地址，SLAAC获取IPv6地址：

【开发环境】

Verilog开发环境：

C语言开发环境：

【Qsys连线】

基本架构：三速以太网IP核负责收发PHY芯片的数据包，通过SGDMA将数据包内容传输给C语言处理。NIOS II核负责运行C语言程序，其中包括了lwip2.1.2协议栈。Interval Timer负责提供毫秒计数器，供lwip的sys_now函数使用。
NIOS从onchip memory中启动（也就是reset和exception vector位于onchip memory），但程序运行在SDRAM中，SGDMA的描述符和缓冲区全部位于SDRAM中。

提示：uart_0、sysid_qsys_0、timer_0、eth_tse_0、sgdma_0和sgdma_1不包含程序代码，不用连接到nios2的instruction_master上。

三速以太网IP核配置的是10/100Mb Small MAC模式，选择MII接口，使能了MDIO接口和半双工模式的支持。

【主要程序代码】

main.v：

请注意MII接口的eth_tx_clk和eth_rx_clk都是输入信号，由PHY芯片提供，而且必须要经过ALTCLKCTRL IP核的缓冲后才能使用。

module main(input clock,input uart_rx,output uart_tx,output sdram_clk,output [11:0] sdram_addr,output [1:0] sdram_ba,output sdram_cas_n,output sdram_cke,output sdram_cs_n,inout [15:0] sdram_dq,output [1:0] sdram_dqm,output sdram_ras_n,output sdram_we_n,output eth_rst_n,output eth_mdc,inout eth_mdio,input eth_col,input eth_crs,input eth_tx_clk,output eth_tx_en,output [3:0] eth_txd,input eth_rx_clk,input eth_rx_dv,input [3:0] eth_rxd,input eth_rx_er);/* 产生复位信号 */wire nrst;Reset reset(clock, nrst);/* PLL倍频 */wire altpll_c0;wire altpll_locked;altpll_0 altpll_0(.areset(~nrst),.inclk0(clock),.c0(altpll_c0), // 频率等于clock, 但相位相差63度, 供SDRAM使用.locked(altpll_locked));/* 缓冲eth_rx_clk和eth_tx_clk时钟输入信号, 避免CRC错误 */wire eth_rx_clk_g;wire eth_tx_clk_g;altclkctrl_0 altclkctrl_0(.inclk(eth_rx_clk),.outclk(eth_rx_clk_g));altclkctrl_1 altclkctrl_1(.inclk(eth_tx_clk),.outclk(eth_tx_clk_g));/* NIOS II */wire eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_oen;wire eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_out;wire eth_tse_0_mac_mii_connection_mii_tx_err;wire eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_a_empty;wire eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_a_full;wire eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_dsav;wire eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_a_empty;wire eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_a_full;wire eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_septy;wire eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_magic_wakeup;wire [17:0] eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_rx_err_stat;wire [3:0] eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_rx_frm_type;wire eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_tx_ff_uflow;wire eth_tse_0_mac_status_connection_ena_10;wire eth_tse_0_mac_status_connection_eth_mode;assign sdram_clk = altpll_c0;assign eth_mdio = (!eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_oen) ? eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_out : 1'bz;assign eth_rst_n = altpll_locked;nios nios(.clk_clk(clock),.reset_reset_n(altpll_locked),.eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdc(eth_mdc),.eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_in(eth_mdio),.eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_oen(eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_oen),.eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_out(eth_tse_0_mac_mdio_connection_mdio_out),.eth_tse_0_mac_mii_connection_mii_rx_d(eth_rxd),.eth_tse_0_mac_mii_connection_mii_rx_dv(eth_rx_dv),.eth_tse_0_mac_mii_connection_mii_rx_err(eth_rx_er),.eth_tse_0_mac_mii_connection_mii_tx_d(eth_txd),.eth_tse_0_mac_mii_connection_mii_tx_en(eth_tx_en),.eth_tse_0_mac_mii_connection_mii_tx_err(eth_tse_0_mac_mii_connection_mii_tx_err),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_a_empty(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_a_empty),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_a_full(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_a_full),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_dsav(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_rx_dsav),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_a_empty(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_a_empty),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_a_full(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_a_full),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_crc_fwd(1'b0),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_septy(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_ff_tx_septy),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_magic_sleep_n(1'b1),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_magic_wakeup(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_magic_wakeup),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_rx_err_stat(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_rx_err_stat),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_rx_frm_type(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_rx_frm_type),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_tx_ff_uflow(eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_tx_ff_uflow),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_xoff_gen(1'b0),.eth_tse_0_mac_misc_connection_xon_gen(1'b0),.eth_tse_0_mac_status_connection_ena_10(eth_tse_0_mac_status_connection_ena_10),.eth_tse_0_mac_status_connection_eth_mode(eth_tse_0_mac_status_connection_eth_mode),.eth_tse_0_mac_status_connection_set_10(1'b0),.eth_tse_0_mac_status_connection_set_1000(1'b0),.eth_tse_0_pcs_mac_rx_clock_connection_clk(eth_rx_clk_g),.eth_tse_0_pcs_mac_tx_clock_connection_clk(eth_tx_clk_g),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_addr(sdram_addr),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_ba(sdram_ba),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_cas_n(sdram_cas_n),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_cke(sdram_cke),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_cs_n(sdram_cs_n),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_dq(sdram_dq),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_dqm(sdram_dqm),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_ras_n(sdram_ras_n),.new_sdram_controller_0_wire_we_n(sdram_we_n),.uart_0_external_connection_rxd(uart_rx),.uart_0_external_connection_txd(uart_tx));endmodule

hello_world.c：

/** "Hello World" example.** This example prints 'Hello from Nios II' to the STDOUT stream. It runs on* the Nios II 'standard', 'full_featured', 'fast', and 'low_cost' example* designs. It runs with or without the MicroC/OS-II RTOS and requires a STDOUT* device in your system's hardware.* The memory footprint of this hosted application is ~69 kbytes by default* using the standard reference design.** For a reduced footprint version of this template, and an explanation of how* to reduce the memory footprint for a given application, see the* "small_hello_world" template.**/#include <lwip/apps/httpd.h>
#include <lwip/apps/netbiosns.h>
#include <lwip/dhcp.h>
#include <lwip/dns.h>
#include <lwip/init.h>
#include <lwip/netif.h>
#include <lwip/timeouts.h>
#include <netif/ethernetif.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <sys/alt_alarm.h>
#include <system.h>static struct netif netif_rtl8201cp;alt_u32 sys_now(void)
{// BSP Editor里面Settings -> Common -> hal -> sys_clk_timer必须选择一个定时器// 而且该定时器的计时间隔必须为1msLWIP_ASSERT("incorrect tick rate", alt_ticks_per_second() == 1000);return alt_nticks();
}static void display_ip(void)
{const ip_addr_t *addr;static uint8_t ip_displayed = 0;static uint8_t ip6_displayed = 0;int i, ip_present;int dns = 0;if (netif_dhcp_data(&netif_rtl8201cp) == NULL)ip_present = 1; // 使用静态IP地址else if (dhcp_supplied_address(&netif_rtl8201cp))ip_present = 2; // 使用DHCP获得IP地址, 且已成功获取到IP地址elseip_present = 0; // 使用DHCP获得IP地址, 且还没有获取到IP地址// 显示IPv4地址if (ip_present){if (ip_displayed == 0){ip_displayed = 1;if (ip_present == 2)printf("DHCP supplied address!\r\n");printf("IP address: %s\r\n", ipaddr_ntoa(&netif_rtl8201cp.ip_addr));printf("Subnet mask: %s\r\n", ipaddr_ntoa(&netif_rtl8201cp.netmask));printf("Default gateway: %s\r\n", ipaddr_ntoa(&netif_rtl8201cp.gw));dns = 1;}}elseip_displayed = 0;// 显示IPv6地址for (i = 1; i < LWIP_IPV6_NUM_ADDRESSES; i++) // 0号地址是本地链路地址, 不需要显示{if (ip6_addr_isvalid(netif_ip6_addr_state(&netif_rtl8201cp, i))){if ((ip6_displayed & _BV(i)) == 0){ip6_displayed |= _BV(i);printf("IPv6 address %d: %s\r\n", i, ipaddr_ntoa(netif_ip_addr6(&netif_rtl8201cp, i)));dns = 1;}}elseip6_displayed &= ~_BV(i);}// 显示DNS服务器地址// 在lwip中, IPv4 DHCP和IPv6 SLAAC获取到的DNS地址会互相覆盖if (dns){addr = dns_getserver(0);if (ip_addr_isany(addr))return;printf("DNS Server: %s", ipaddr_ntoa(addr));addr = dns_getserver(1);if (!ip_addr_isany(addr))printf(" %s", ipaddr_ntoa(addr));printf("\r\n");}
}static void net_config(int use_dhcp)
{ip4_addr_t ipaddr, netmask, gw;if (use_dhcp)netif_add_noaddr(&netif_rtl8201cp, NULL, ethernetif_init, netif_input);else{IP4_ADDR(&ipaddr, 192, 168, 0, 19);IP4_ADDR(&netmask, 255, 255, 255, 0);IP4_ADDR(&gw, 192, 168, 0, 1);netif_add(&netif_rtl8201cp, &ipaddr, &netmask, &gw, NULL, ethernetif_init, netif_input);}netif_set_default(&netif_rtl8201cp);netif_set_up(&netif_rtl8201cp);if (use_dhcp)dhcp_start(&netif_rtl8201cp);netif_create_ip6_linklocal_address(&netif_rtl8201cp, 1);printf("IPv6 link-local address: %s\r\n", ipaddr_ntoa(netif_ip_addr6(&netif_rtl8201cp, 0)));netif_set_ip6_autoconfig_enabled(&netif_rtl8201cp, 1);
}int main(void)
{printf("Hello from Nios II!\r\n");lwip_init();net_config(1);httpd_init();netbiosns_init();netbiosns_set_name("EP4CE10F17C8");while (1){ethernetif_check_link(&netif_rtl8201cp);display_ip();ethernetif_input(&netif_rtl8201cp);sys_check_timeouts();}
}

ethernetif.c（网口驱动）：
备注：官网lwip2.1版本的压缩包（lwip-2.1.0.zip）中的src/netif文件夹下没有ethernetif.c了，那个文件是被移动到contrib-2.1.0.zip的examples/ethernetif文件夹下去了。

/*** @file* Ethernet Interface Skeleton**//** Copyright (c) 2001-2004 Swedish Institute of Computer Science.* All rights reserved.** Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification,* are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:** 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice,*    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice,*    this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation*    and/or other materials provided with the distribution.* 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products*    derived from this software without specific prior written permission.** THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR ``AS IS'' AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED* WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF* MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT* SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL,* EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT* OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS* INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN* CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING* IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY* OF SUCH DAMAGE.** This file is part of the lwIP TCP/IP stack.** Author: Adam Dunkels <adam@sics.se>**//** This file is a skeleton for developing Ethernet network interface* drivers for lwIP. Add code to the low_level functions and do a* search-and-replace for the word "ethernetif" to replace it with* something that better describes your network interface.*/#include "lwip/opt.h"#if 1 /* don't build, this is only a skeleton, see previous comment */#include "lwip/def.h"
#include "lwip/mem.h"
#include "lwip/pbuf.h"
#include "lwip/stats.h"
#include "lwip/snmp.h"
#include "lwip/ethip6.h"
#include "lwip/etharp.h"
#include "netif/ppp/pppoe.h"#include <altera_avalon_sgdma.h>
#include <altera_avalon_sgdma_regs.h>
#include <altera_avalon_tse.h>
#include <netif/ethernetif.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/alt_cache.h>
#include <system.h>/* Define those to better describe your network interface. */
#define IFNAME0 'e'
#define IFNAME1 'n'/*** Helper struct to hold private data used to operate your ethernet interface.* Keeping the ethernet address of the MAC in this struct is not necessary* as it is already kept in the struct netif.* But this is only an example, anyway...*/
struct ethernetif {struct eth_addr *ethaddr;/* Add whatever per-interface state that is needed here. */np_tse_mac *tse_mac;alt_sgdma_dev *sgdma_rx;alt_sgdma_dev *sgdma_tx;
};/* Forward declarations. */
//static void  ethernetif_input(struct netif *netif);// 收发描述符和缓冲区
static alt_sgdma_descriptor sgdma_rx_desc[2];
static alt_sgdma_descriptor sgdma_tx_desc[2];
static alt_u32 sgdma_rx_buf[400];
static alt_u32 sgdma_tx_buf[400];/*** In this function, the hardware should be initialized.* Called from ethernetif_init().** @param netif the already initialized lwip network interface structure*        for this ethernetif*/
static void
low_level_init(struct netif *netif)
{struct ethernetif *ethernetif = netif->state;/* set MAC hardware address length */netif->hwaddr_len = ETHARP_HWADDR_LEN;/* set MAC hardware address */// 设置MAC地址netif->hwaddr[0] = 0x00;netif->hwaddr[1] = 0x1c;netif->hwaddr[2] = 0x23;netif->hwaddr[3] = 0x17;netif->hwaddr[4] = 0x4a;netif->hwaddr[5] = 0xcb;printf("MAC address: %02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X:%02X\r\n", netif->hwaddr[0], netif->hwaddr[1], netif->hwaddr[2], netif->hwaddr[3], netif->hwaddr[4], netif->hwaddr[5]);/* maximum transfer unit */netif->mtu = 1500;/* device capabilities *//* don't set NETIF_FLAG_ETHARP if this device is not an ethernet one */netif->flags = NETIF_FLAG_BROADCAST | NETIF_FLAG_ETHARP/* | NETIF_FLAG_LINK_UP*/; // 初始状态下认为网线还没有插netif->flags |= NETIF_FLAG_MLD6; // 启用IPv6多播#if LWIP_IPV6 && LWIP_IPV6_MLD/** For hardware/netifs that implement MAC filtering.* All-nodes link-local is handled by default, so we must let the hardware know* to allow multicast packets in.* Should set mld_mac_filter previously. */if (netif->mld_mac_filter != NULL) {ip6_addr_t ip6_allnodes_ll;ip6_addr_set_allnodes_linklocal(&ip6_allnodes_ll);netif->mld_mac_filter(netif, &ip6_allnodes_ll, NETIF_ADD_MAC_FILTER);}
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6 && LWIP_IPV6_MLD *//* Do whatever else is needed to initialize interface. */// IP核复位IOWR_ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_CONFIG(ETH_TSE_0_BASE, ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_SW_RESET_MSK);IOWR_ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_CONFIG(ETH_TSE_0_BASE, 0);IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_SGDMA_CONTROL(SGDMA_0_BASE, ALTERA_AVALON_SGDMA_CONTROL_SOFTWARERESET_MSK);IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_SGDMA_CONTROL(SGDMA_0_BASE, 0);IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_SGDMA_CONTROL(SGDMA_1_BASE, ALTERA_AVALON_SGDMA_CONTROL_SOFTWARERESET_MSK);IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_SGDMA_CONTROL(SGDMA_1_BASE, 0);// 配置IP核的MAC地址ethernetif->tse_mac = alt_remap_uncached((void *)ETH_TSE_0_BASE, sizeof(np_tse_mac));ethernetif->tse_mac->MAC_0 = (netif->hwaddr[3] << 24) | (netif->hwaddr[2] << 16) | (netif->hwaddr[1] << 8) | netif->hwaddr[0];ethernetif->tse_mac->MAC_1 = (netif->hwaddr[5] << 8) | netif->hwaddr[4];// 打开DMAethernetif->sgdma_tx = alt_avalon_sgdma_open(SGDMA_0_NAME);ethernetif->sgdma_rx = alt_avalon_sgdma_open(SGDMA_1_NAME);printf("SGDMA Rx descriptor: %p\r\n", sgdma_rx_desc);printf("SGDMA Tx descriptor: %p\r\n", sgdma_tx_desc);printf("SGDMA Rx buffer: %p\r\n", sgdma_rx_buf);printf("SGDMA Tx buffer: %p\r\n", sgdma_tx_buf);
}/*** This function should do the actual transmission of the packet. The packet is* contained in the pbuf that is passed to the function. This pbuf* might be chained.** @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this ethernetif* @param p the MAC packet to send (e.g. IP packet including MAC addresses and type)* @return ERR_OK if the packet could be sent*         an err_t value if the packet couldn't be sent** @note Returning ERR_MEM here if a DMA queue of your MAC is full can lead to*       strange results. You might consider waiting for space in the DMA queue*       to become available since the stack doesn't retry to send a packet*       dropped because of memory failure (except for the TCP timers).*/static err_t
low_level_output(struct netif *netif, struct pbuf *p)
{struct ethernetif *ethernetif = netif->state;struct pbuf *q;alt_u8 *data = (alt_u8 *)sgdma_tx_buf + 2;alt_u8 status = 0;//initiate transfer();LWIP_ASSERT("tx packet too big", p->tot_len + 2 <= sizeof(sgdma_tx_buf));#if ETH_PAD_SIZEpbuf_remove_header(p, ETH_PAD_SIZE); /* drop the padding word */
#endiffor (q = p; q != NULL; q = q->next) {/* Send the data from the pbuf to the interface, one pbuf at atime. The size of the data in each pbuf is kept in the ->lenvariable. *///send data from(q->payload, q->len);memcpy(data, q->payload, q->len);data += q->len;}alt_dcache_flush(sgdma_tx_buf, sizeof(sgdma_tx_buf)); // 写完数据, 交给DMA之前必须清除一下缓存//signal that packet should be sent();if (netif_is_link_up(netif)){alt_avalon_sgdma_construct_mem_to_stream_desc(&sgdma_tx_desc[0], &sgdma_tx_desc[1], sgdma_tx_buf, p->tot_len + 2, 0, 1, 1, 0);status = alt_avalon_sgdma_do_sync_transfer(ethernetif->sgdma_tx, &sgdma_tx_desc[0]);}if (status == 0x0c)printf("[Send] len=%d\r\n", p->tot_len);elseprintf("[Send] len=%d (failed)\r\n", p->tot_len);MIB2_STATS_NETIF_ADD(netif, ifoutoctets, p->tot_len);if (((u8_t *)p->payload)[0] & 1) {/* broadcast or multicast packet*/MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifoutnucastpkts);} else {/* unicast packet */MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifoutucastpkts);}/* increase ifoutdiscards or ifouterrors on error */#if ETH_PAD_SIZEpbuf_add_header(p, ETH_PAD_SIZE); /* reclaim the padding word */
#endifLINK_STATS_INC(link.xmit);return ERR_OK;
}/*** Should allocate a pbuf and transfer the bytes of the incoming* packet from the interface into the pbuf.** @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this ethernetif* @return a pbuf filled with the received packet (including MAC header)*         NULL on memory error*/
static struct pbuf *
low_level_input(struct netif *netif)
{struct ethernetif *ethernetif = netif->state;struct pbuf *p = NULL, *q; // 这里p一定不要忘了赋初值alt_u8 *data = (alt_u8 *)sgdma_rx_buf + 2;int ret;u16_t len;/* Obtain the size of the packet and put it into the "len"variable. */ret = alt_avalon_sgdma_check_descriptor_status(&sgdma_rx_desc[0]);if (ret == -EINPROGRESS)return NULL; // 未收到数据包, 退出else if (ret == -EIO){// 出错时清除错误标志, 否则将无法启动新的DMA传输IOWR_ALTERA_AVALON_SGDMA_STATUS(ethernetif->sgdma_rx->base, ALTERA_AVALON_SGDMA_STATUS_ERROR_MSK);alt_avalon_sgdma_stop(ethernetif->sgdma_rx);}// 计算收到的数据包的大小len = sgdma_rx_desc[0].actual_bytes_transferred;LWIP_ASSERT("rx packet too big", len <= sizeof(sgdma_rx_buf));if (len <= 2)goto end;len -= 2;if (sgdma_rx_desc[0].status == 0x80)printf("[Recv] len=%u\r\n", len);else{printf("[Recv] len=%u, err=0x%02x\r\n", len, sgdma_rx_desc[0].status);// err=0x85表示CRC错误, 0x89表示数据包因为FIFO满了被截断goto end;}#if ETH_PAD_SIZElen += ETH_PAD_SIZE; /* allow room for Ethernet padding */
#endif/* We allocate a pbuf chain of pbufs from the pool. */p = pbuf_alloc(PBUF_RAW, len, PBUF_POOL);if (p != NULL) {#if ETH_PAD_SIZEpbuf_remove_header(p, ETH_PAD_SIZE); /* drop the padding word */
#endif/* We iterate over the pbuf chain until we have read the entire* packet into the pbuf. */alt_dcache_flush(sgdma_rx_buf, sizeof(sgdma_rx_buf)); // 读数据前必须清除一下缓存for (q = p; q != NULL; q = q->next) {/* Read enough bytes to fill this pbuf in the chain. The* available data in the pbuf is given by the q->len* variable.* This does not necessarily have to be a memcpy, you can also preallocate* pbufs for a DMA-enabled MAC and after receiving truncate it to the* actually received size. In this case, ensure the tot_len member of the* pbuf is the sum of the chained pbuf len members.*///read data into(q->payload, q->len);memcpy(q->payload, data, q->len);data += q->len;}//acknowledge that packet has been read();MIB2_STATS_NETIF_ADD(netif, ifinoctets, p->tot_len);if (((u8_t *)p->payload)[0] & 1) {/* broadcast or multicast packet*/MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifinnucastpkts);} else {/* unicast packet*/MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifinucastpkts);}
#if ETH_PAD_SIZEpbuf_add_header(p, ETH_PAD_SIZE); /* reclaim the padding word */
#endifLINK_STATS_INC(link.recv);} else {//drop packet();LINK_STATS_INC(link.memerr);LINK_STATS_INC(link.drop);MIB2_STATS_NETIF_INC(netif, ifindiscards);}end:// 继续接收后续数据包alt_avalon_sgdma_construct_stream_to_mem_desc(&sgdma_rx_desc[0], &sgdma_rx_desc[1], sgdma_rx_buf, 0, 0);ret = alt_avalon_sgdma_do_async_transfer(ethernetif->sgdma_rx, &sgdma_rx_desc[0]);if (ret != 0)printf("Failed to start reception!\r\n");return p;
}/*** This function should be called when a packet is ready to be read* from the interface. It uses the function low_level_input() that* should handle the actual reception of bytes from the network* interface. Then the type of the received packet is determined and* the appropriate input function is called.** @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this ethernetif*/
void
ethernetif_input(struct netif *netif)
{struct ethernetif *ethernetif;//struct eth_hdr *ethhdr;struct pbuf *p;ethernetif = netif->state;/* move received packet into a new pbuf */p = low_level_input(netif);/* if no packet could be read, silently ignore this */if (p != NULL) {/* pass all packets to ethernet_input, which decides what packets it supports */if (netif->input(p, netif) != ERR_OK) {LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("ethernetif_input: IP input error\n"));pbuf_free(p);p = NULL;}}
}/*** Should be called at the beginning of the program to set up the* network interface. It calls the function low_level_init() to do the* actual setup of the hardware.** This function should be passed as a parameter to netif_add().** @param netif the lwip network interface structure for this ethernetif* @return ERR_OK if the loopif is initialized*         ERR_MEM if private data couldn't be allocated*         any other err_t on error*/
err_t
ethernetif_init(struct netif *netif)
{struct ethernetif *ethernetif;LWIP_ASSERT("netif != NULL", (netif != NULL));ethernetif = mem_malloc(sizeof(struct ethernetif));if (ethernetif == NULL) {LWIP_DEBUGF(NETIF_DEBUG, ("ethernetif_init: out of memory\n"));return ERR_MEM;}#if LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME/* Initialize interface hostname */netif->hostname = "EP4CE10F17C8_TSE"; // 路由器里面看到的设备名称
#endif /* LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME *//** Initialize the snmp variables and counters inside the struct netif.* The last argument should be replaced with your link speed, in units* of bits per second.*/MIB2_INIT_NETIF(netif, snmp_ifType_ethernet_csmacd, LINK_SPEED_OF_YOUR_NETIF_IN_BPS);netif->state = ethernetif;netif->name[0] = IFNAME0;netif->name[1] = IFNAME1;/* We directly use etharp_output() here to save a function call.* You can instead declare your own function an call etharp_output()* from it if you have to do some checks before sending (e.g. if link* is available...) */
#if LWIP_IPV4netif->output = etharp_output;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV4 */
#if LWIP_IPV6netif->output_ip6 = ethip6_output;
#endif /* LWIP_IPV6 */netif->linkoutput = low_level_output;ethernetif->ethaddr = (struct eth_addr *) & (netif->hwaddr[0]);/* initialize the hardware */low_level_init(netif);return ERR_OK;
}/* 网线插拔检测 */
void ethernetif_check_link(struct netif *netif)
{struct ethernetif *ethernetif = netif->state;if (ethernetif->tse_mac->mdio1.STATUS & PHY_LINKED_STATUS){/* 已插入网线 */if (!netif_is_link_up(netif)){if (ethernetif->tse_mac->mdio1.STATUS & PHY_AUTONEGO_COMPLETE) // 自动协商完毕{// 配置速率和双工模式printf("Link is up!\r\n");if (ethernetif->tse_mac->mdio1.CONTROL & PHY_SPEED_STATUS){printf("Speed: 100Mbps\r\n");ethernetif->tse_mac->COMMAND_CONFIG &= ~ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_ENA_10_MSK;}else{printf("Speed: 10Mbps\r\n");ethernetif->tse_mac->COMMAND_CONFIG |= ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_ENA_10_MSK;}if (ethernetif->tse_mac->mdio1.CONTROL & PHY_DUPLEX_STATUS){printf("Duplex: full\r\n");ethernetif->tse_mac->COMMAND_CONFIG &= ~ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_HD_ENA_MSK;}else{printf("Duplex: half\r\n");ethernetif->tse_mac->COMMAND_CONFIG |= ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_HD_ENA_MSK;}ethernetif->tse_mac->COMMAND_CONFIG |= ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_TX_ENA_MSK | ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_RX_ENA_MSK; // 打开收发netif_set_link_up(netif);}}}else{/* 已拔出网线 */if (netif_is_link_up(netif)){printf("Link is down!\r\n");ethernetif->tse_mac->COMMAND_CONFIG &= ~(ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_TX_ENA_MSK | ALTERA_TSEMAC_CMD_RX_ENA_MSK); // 关闭收发netif_set_link_down(netif);}}
}#endif /* 0 */

arch/cc.h：

#ifndef LWIP_ARCH_CC_H
#define LWIP_ARCH_CC_H#define LWIP_RAND() ((u32_t)rand())
#define PACK_STRUCT_BEGIN __attribute__((packed, aligned(1)))#endif

lwipopts.h：

#ifndef LWIP_LWIPOPTS_H
#define LWIP_LWIPOPTS_H#define NO_SYS 1 // 无操作系统
#define SYS_LIGHTWEIGHT_PROT 0 // 不进行临界区保护#define LWIP_NETCONN 0
#define LWIP_SOCKET 0#define MEM_ALIGNMENT 4 // 4字节对齐方式
#define MEM_SIZE (64 * 1024) // lwip的mem_malloc函数使用的堆内存的大小
#define MEM_OVERFLOW_CHECK 1
#define MEM_SANITY_CHECK 1// 配置TCP
#define TCP_MSS 1500
#define LWIP_TCP_SACK_OUT 1 // 允许批量确认// 配置DHCP
#define LWIP_DHCP 1
#define LWIP_NETIF_HOSTNAME 1// 配置DNS
#define LWIP_DNS 1// 配置HTTP服务器
#define HTTPD_FSDATA_FILE "fsdata_custom.h"// 广播包过滤器
#define IP_SOF_BROADCAST 1
#define IP_SOF_BROADCAST_RECV 1// 配置IPv6
#define LWIP_IPV6 1
#define LWIP_ND6_RDNSS_MAX_DNS_SERVERS LWIP_DNS // 允许SLAAC获取DNS服务器的地址#endif

【程序运行结果】

Hello from Nios II!
MAC address: 00:1C:23:17:4A:CB
SGDMA Rx descriptor: 0x204d904
SGDMA Tx descriptor: 0x204d944
SGDMA Rx buffer: 0x204d984
SGDMA Tx buffer: 0x204dfc4
IPv6 link-local address: FE80::21C:23FF:FE17:4ACB
Link is up!
Speed: 100Mbps
Duplex: full
[Send] len=350
[Send] len=86
[Send] len=78
[Send] len=62
[Send] len=86
Link is down!
[Send] len=350 (failed)
Link is up!
Speed: 100Mbps
Duplex: full
[Send] len=350
[Send] len=86
[Recv] len=60
[Send] len=70
[Send] len=350
[Recv] len=60
[Recv] len=60
[Send] len=70
[Recv] len=142
[Send] len=86
[Recv] len=86
[Send] len=350
[Recv] len=60
[Send] len=78
[Recv] len=208
[Recv] len=60
[Recv] len=60
IPv6 address 1: 2409:8A62:369:3410:21C:23FF:FE17:4ACB
DNS Server: FE80::1
[Send] len=86
[Recv] len=86
[Recv] len=590
[Send] len=350
[Recv] len=590
[Send] len=42
[Send] len=42
[Send] len=42
[Recv] len=86
[Send] len=42
DHCP supplied address!
IP address: 192.168.1.7
Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0
Default gateway: 192.168.1.1
DNS Server: 192.168.1.1
[Recv] len=60
[Send] len=42
[Recv] len=86
[Send] len=42
[Recv] len=86
[Send] len=86
[Recv] len=208
[Recv] len=60
[Send] len=42
[Recv] len=60
[Recv] len=60
[Recv] len=208

【程序固化方法】

见在外部SDRAM中运行的NIOS II程序的固化方法_ZLK1214的专栏-CSDN博客

ethernetif.c中有这样一行代码：ethernetif->tse_mac = alt_remap_uncached((void *)ETH_TSE_0_BASE, sizeof(np_tse_mac));
本来这行代码是：ethernetif->tse_mac = (np_tse_mac *)ETH_TSE_0_BASE;
之所以要加上alt_remap_uncached，是为了在这段内存上禁用dcache缓冲，避免程序固化后运行，ethernetif_check_link函数无法正常检测网线插拔，导致程序卡死。
alt_remap_uncached函数的原理：
NIOS C语言指针的最高位（第31位）具有特殊含义。若最高位为1，则是强制读写原始内存单元，不经过dcache。
比如a变量的地址是0x1234，若读取0x80001234这个地址，则是不经过dcache直接读a变量的值。
若读取0x1234这个地址，则有可能从dcache里面去取a变量的缓存值。
alt_remap_uncached的实现方式是将第一个参数的最高位置1，然后作为返回值返回。

【lwip自带httpd服务器的简单应用】

小梅哥AC620开发板NIOS II LWIP实现HTTP网页控制数码管的显示内容

【扩展阅读】

开拓者Nios II开发指南_V1.3
下载链接：百度网盘请输入提取码（提取码：qnis）

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