Linux Ubuntu

ubuntu上mysql默认安装使用的字符集是latin1。

1 查看字符集支持

show character set;

mysql> show character set;

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

| Charset  | Description                 | Default collation   | Maxlen |

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

| big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |      2 |

| dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |      1 |

| cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |      1 |

| hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |      1 |

| koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |      1 |

| latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |      1 |

| latin2   | ISO 8859-2 Central European | latin2_general_ci   |      1 |

| swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |      1 |

| ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |      1 |

| ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |      3 |

| sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |      2 |

| hebrew   | ISO 8859-8 Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |      1 |

| tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |      1 |

| euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |      2 |

| koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |      1 |

| gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |      2 |

| greek    | ISO 8859-7 Greek            | greek_general_ci    |      1 |

| cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |      1 |

| gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |      2 |

| latin5   | ISO 8859-9 Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |      1 |

| armscii8 | ARMSCII-8 Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |      1 |

| utf8     | UTF-8 Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |      3 |

| ucs2     | UCS-2 Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |      2 |

| cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |      1 |

| keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  | keybcs2_general_ci  |      1 |

| macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |      1 |

| macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |      1 |

| cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |      1 |

| latin7   | ISO 8859-13 Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |      1 |

| cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |      1 |

| cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |      1 |

| cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |      1 |

| binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |      1 |

| geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci  |      1 |

| cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |      2 |

| eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |      3 |

+----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+

36 rows in set (0.00 sec)

2 查看字符集相关变量

show variables like "character_set%";

mysql> show variables like 'characte%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                      |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client     | latin1                     |

| character_set_connection | latin1                     |

| character_set_database   | utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |

| character_set_results    | latin1                     |

| character_set_server     | utf8                       |

| character_set_system     | utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3 设置默认字符集

为解决乱码问题，最简单的办法就是修改默认字符集。修改默认字符集为utf8：

找到/etc/mysql/my.cnf，

在[mysqld]下加上：default-character-set=utf8

·［client］

default-character-set=utf8 ###

·［mysqld］

default-character-set=utf8

skip-character-set-client-handshake ###此处是忽略客户端的字符集，使用服务器的设置

注意：

(skip语句和client中的default选一个)

当然你可以在建立数据库是规定字符集：

create database db_name default character set utf8 callate utf8-general-ci；

也可以在链接数据库前设置：set names 'utf8'；

或者如果装了桌面系统，可以用mysqladmin修改启动参数，选项Advanced里的Def.CharSet修改成utf8，保存重启，不过一般用户无法修改这个选项。可以用root用户打开my.cnf修改。

4 linux下启动、停止与重启

/etc/init.d/mysql start/stop/restart

5. 重新连接数据库(注意，不重新连接的话，还是原来的值)

mysql> show variables like 'characte%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| Variable_name            | Value                      |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

| character_set_client     | utf8                       |

| character_set_connection | utf8                       |

| character_set_database   | utf8                       |

| character_set_filesystem | binary                     |

| character_set_results    | utf8                       |

| character_set_server     | utf8                       |

| character_set_system     | utf8                       |

| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------+

好了：变成utf8编码了！

参考：http://depravedangel.iteye.com/blog/661748

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2011-09-20 22:48

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分类:数据库

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