virtualBox安装centos6增强包报错解决及配置共享文件夹

一、安装增强包

1、启动CentOS6.5 虚拟机，点击设备à 安装增强功能。

则 “光盘”VBOXADDITIONS已经挂载到 CentOS 5.5 的桌面上了.

此时双击光盘—>双击VboxLinuxAdditions.run即可完成安装

通常情况下我们直接运行挂载到系统中的VirtualBox 客户端增强功能的组件即可。

2、报错解决：笔者安装时出现报错

Bulding the VirtualBoxGuest Additions Kernel modules [failed]

Your system does not seemto be set up to build kernel modules.

Look at/var/log/vboxadd-install.log to find out what went worg. Once you havecorrected it,you run

/etc/init.d/vboxadd setupto build them

显然内核不支持缺少编译内核的相关组件，解决方法安装内核组件即可。

[root@localhost ~]# yum install kernel kernel-devel

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit,security

Repository c6-media is listed more than once in theconfiguration

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base:mirror.sunnyvision.com

* extras:mirror.sunnyvision.com

* updates:ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

Setting up Install Process

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: kernel-firmware >=2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 for package: kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: dracut-kernel >=004-388.el6 for package: kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64

---> Package kernel-devel.x86_640:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 will be installed

--> Running transaction check

---> Package dracut-kernel.noarch 0:004-335.el6will be updated

---> Package dracut-kernel.noarch0:004-409.el6_8.2 will be an update

--> Processing Dependency: dracut =004-409.el6_8.2 for package: dracut-kernel-004-409.el6_8.2.noarch

---> Package kernel-firmware.noarch0:2.6.32-431.el6 will be updated

---> Package kernel-firmware.noarch0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 will be an update

--> Running transaction check

---> Package dracut.noarch 0:004-335.el6 will beupdated

---> Package dracut.noarch 0:004-409.el6_8.2will be an update

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

========================================================================================================================================

Installing:

kernel x86_64 2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 updates 32 M

kernel-devel x86_64 2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 updates 11 M

Updating for dependencies:

dracut noarch 004-409.el6_8.2 updates 127 k

dracut-kernel noarch 004-409.el6_8.2 updates 28 k

kernel-firmware noarch 2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 updates 28 M

Transaction Summary

========================================================================================================================================

Install 2 Package(s)

Upgrade 3 Package(s)

Total download size: 71 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

(1/5): dracut-004-409.el6_8.2.noarch.rpm | 127 kB 00:01

(2/5):dracut-kernel-004-409.el6_8.2.noarch.rpm | 28 kB 00:00

(3/5): kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 32 MB 05:21

(4/5):kernel-devel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64.rpm | 11 MB 01:46

(5/5):kernel-firmware-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.noarch.rpm | 28 MB 04:51

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 100 kB/s | 71 MB 12:02

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Updating :dracut-004-409.el6_8.2.noarch 1/8

Updating :dracut-kernel-004-409.el6_8.2.noarch 2/8

Updating :kernel-firmware-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.noarch 3/8

Installing: kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64 4/8

Installing: kernel-devel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64 5/8

Cleanup :dracut-kernel-004-335.el6.noarch 6/8

Cleanup :dracut-004-335.el6.noarch 7/8

Cleanup :kernel-firmware-2.6.32-431.el6.noarch 8/8

Verifying :kernel-firmware-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.noarch 1/8

Verifying :dracut-004-409.el6_8.2.noarch 2/8

Verifying :dracut-kernel-004-409.el6_8.2.noarch 3/8

Verifying :kernel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64 4/8

Verifying :kernel-devel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64 5/8

Verifying :kernel-firmware-2.6.32-431.el6.noarch 6/8

Verifying :dracut-kernel-004-335.el6.noarch 7/8

Verifying :dracut-004-335.el6.noarch 8/8

Installed:

kernel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6 kernel-devel.x86_64 0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6

Dependency Updated:

dracut.noarch 0:004-409.el6_8.2 dracut-kernel.noarch 0:004-409.el6_8.2 kernel-firmware.noarch0:2.6.32-642.1.1.el6

Complete!

[root@localhost ~]# yum install gcc

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit,security

Repository c6-media is listed more than once in theconfiguration

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base:mirror.sunnyvision.com

* extras:mirror.sunnyvision.com

* updates:ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

Setting up Install Process

No package gcc++ available.

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 will beinstalled

--> Processing Dependency: libgomp =4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.7-17.el6for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libgcc >=4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl >= 0.15for package: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6will be installed

--> Processing Dependency: libppl_c.so.2()(64bit)for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7()(64bit)for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64

---> Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 will beinstalled

--> Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1()(64bit)for package: cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64

---> Package libgcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-4.el6 will beupdated

---> Package libgcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 willbe an update

---> Package libgomp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-4.el6 willbe updated

---> Package libgomp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 willbe an update

--> Running transaction check

---> Package mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 will beinstalled

---> Package ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 will beinstalled

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

========================================================================================================================================

Installing:

gcc x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 10 M

Installing for dependencies:

cloog-ppl x86_64 0.15.7-1.2.el6 base 93 k

cpp x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 3.7 M

mpfr x86_64 2.4.1-6.el6 base 157 k

ppl x86_64 0.10.2-11.el6 base 1.3 M

Updating for dependencies:

libgcc x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 103 k

libgomp x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 134 k

Transaction Summary

========================================================================================================================================

Install 5 Package(s)

Upgrade 2 Package(s)

Total download size: 16 M

Is this ok [y/N]: y

Downloading Packages:

(1/7): cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64.rpm | 93 kB 00:00

(2/7): cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm | 3.7 MB 00:32

(3/7): gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm | 10 MB 01:30

(4/7): libgcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm | 103 kB 00:00

(5/7): libgomp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm |134 kB 00:00

(6/7): mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64.rpm | 157 kB 00:01

(7/7): ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64.rpm |1.3 MB 00:11

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 114kB/s | 16 MB 02:19

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Updating :libgcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 1/9

Installing: ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64 2/9

Installing: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 3/9

Updating :libgomp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 4/9

Installing: mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64 5/9

Installing: cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 6/9

Installing: gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 7/9

Cleanup :libgomp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 8/9

Cleanup :libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 9/9

Verifying :libgcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 1/9

Verifying :ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64 2/9

Verifying :mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64 3/9

Verifying :gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 4/9

Verifying :libgomp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 5/9

Verifying :cpp-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 6/9

Verifying :cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 7/9

Verifying :libgomp-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 8/9

Verifying :libgcc-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 9/9

Installed:

gcc.x86_640:4.4.7-17.el6

Dependency Installed:

cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6

Dependency Updated:

libgcc.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 libgomp.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6

Complete!

[root@localhost ~]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ makekernel-devel

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit,security

Repository c6-media is listed more than once in theconfiguration

Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile

* base:mirror.sunnyvision.com

* extras:mirror.sunnyvision.com

* updates: ftp.cuhk.edu.hk

Setting up Install Process

Package gcc-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Package 1:make-3.81-23.el6.x86_64 alreadyinstalled and latest version

Packagekernel-devel-2.6.32-642.1.1.el6.x86_64 already installed and latest version

Resolving Dependencies

--> Running transaction check

---> Package gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6 willbe installed

--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++-devel =4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64

--> Processing Dependency: libstdc++ =4.4.7-17.el6 for package: gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64

--> Running transaction check

---> Package libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.4.7-4.el6 willbe updated

---> Package libstdc++.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6will be an update

---> Package libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6will be installed

--> Finished Dependency Resolution

Dependencies Resolved

========================================================================================================================================

Package Arch Version Repository Size

========================================================================================================================================

Installing:

gcc-c++ x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 4.7 M

Installing for dependencies:

libstdc++-devel x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 1.6 M

Updating for dependencies:

libstdc++ x86_64 4.4.7-17.el6 base 295 k

Transaction Summary

========================================================================================================================================

Install 2 Package(s)

Upgrade 1 Package(s)

Total download size: 6.6 M

Downloading Packages:

(1/3): gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm | 4.7 MB 01:10

(2/3): libstdc++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm | 295 kB 00:03

(3/3): libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64.rpm | 1.6 MB 00:26

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Total 67 kB/s | 6.6 MB 01:41

Running rpm_check_debug

Running Transaction Test

Transaction Test Succeeded

Running Transaction

Updating : libstdc++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 1/4

Installing: libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 2/4

Installing: gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 3/4

Cleanup : libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 4/4

Verifying :gcc-c++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 1/4

Verifying :libstdc++-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 2/4

Verifying :libstdc++-devel-4.4.7-17.el6.x86_64 3/4

Verifying :libstdc++-4.4.7-4.el6.x86_64 4/4

Installed:

gcc-c++.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6

Dependency Installed:

libstdc++-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.7-17.el6

Dependency Updated:

libstdc++.x86_640:4.4.7-17.el6

Complete!

[root@localhost ~]# shutdown -r now

安装好相关内核组件，重启centos6.5并再次安装增强包即可顺利安装。

二、建立共享文件夹

1、创建共享文件夹

2、命令行操作

1）、创建共享目录

[root@localhost ~]# mkdir /mnt/share

2）、挂载共享文件

[root@localhost ~]# mount -t vboxsf share/mnt/share

[root@localhost~]# cd /mnt/share

[root@localhostshare]# ls -al

总用量 4

drwxrwxrwx. 1root root 0 6月 15 14:03 .

drwxr-xr-x. 7root root 4096 6月 15 14:06 ..

[root@localhostshare]# ls -al

总用量 12

drwxrwxrwx. 1root root 0 6月 15 2016 .

drwxr-xr-x. 7root root 4096 6月 15 14:06 ..

-rwxrwxrwx. 1root root 7277 5月 12 10:43 DNSS.txt

[root@localhostshare]#

3）、设置开机自动挂载共享文件夹，此处提供两种方法

法1 ，添加到/etc/fstab中

[root@localhost share]# vim /etc/fstab

# /etc/fstab

# Created byanaconda on Mon Jun 13 10:16:45 2016

# Accessiblefilesystems, by reference, are maintained under '/dev/disk'

# See manpages fstab(5), findfs(8), mount(8) and/or blkid(8) for more info

UUID=4a3834d1-7ee7-4a62-9981-02f5fd003640/ ext4 defaults 1 1

UUID=01099336-5280-425b-8f81-41eec776a624/boot ext4 defaults 1 2

UUID=19979dd3-99ed-4b33-abe9-61b5145e4b4c/home ext4 defaults 1 2

UUID=28098617-d10c-4d5e-93d8-823960863daeswap swap defaults 0 0

tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults 0 0

devpts /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0

sysfs /sys sysfs defaults 0 0

proc /proc proc defaults 0 0

/dev/sr0 /mnt/iso iso9660 ro,loop 0 0

share /mnt/share vboxsf rw,gid=100,uid=1000,auto 00

[root@localhostshare]# df -hT

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 ext4 15G 5.1G 9.2G 36% /

tmpfs tmpfs 372M 76K 372M 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 ext4 969M 54M 865M 6% /boot

/dev/sda3 ext4 14G 37M 13G 1% /home

/dev/sr0 iso9660 1.8G 1.8G 0 100% /mnt/iso

share vboxsf 222G 65G 157G 30% /mnt/share

/dev/sr1 iso9660 56M 56M 0 100% /media/VBOXADDITIONS_5.0.20_106931

[root@localhostshare]#

法2：

在系统启动时执行挂载脚本:

#vi/etc/rc.d/rc.local

在文件的最后加入上面手动挂载的命令，比如：

mount -tvboxsf share /mnt/share

[root@localhost share]# vi /etc/rc.d/rc.local

#!/bin/sh

# This scriptwill be executed *after* all the other init scripts.

# You can putyour own initialization stuff in here if you don't

# want to dothe full Sys V style init stuff.

touch/var/lock/subsys/local

mount -t vboxsf share /mnt/share

[root@localhost~]# df -hT

Filesystem Type Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2 ext4 15G 5.1G 9.2G 36% /

tmpfs tmpfs 372M 76K 372M 1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1 ext4 969M 54M 865M 6% /boot

/dev/sda3 ext4 14G 37M 13G 1% /home

/dev/sr0 iso9660 1.8G 1.8G 0 100% /mnt/iso

share vboxsf 222G 65G 157G 30% /mnt/share

/dev/sr1 iso9660 56M 56M 0 100% /media/VBOXADDITIONS_5.0.20_106931

4）、取消挂载

[root@localhost ~]# umount -f /mnt/shared

5）、注意事项：

挂载时提示： /sbin/mount.vboxsf: mounting failed with the error: No suchdevice

则表示没有载入内核模块 vboxfs

[root@localhost ~]# lsmod | grep vboxsf

如果没有结果返回，说明 vboxsf确实没有载入，执行

[root@localhost ~]# modprobe vboxsf

再次执行以上步骤即可

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virtualBox安装centos6增强包报错解决及配置共享文件夹

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