iOS 相机拍照、相册获取照片(仿微信) 一一 拍照、图片裁剪
2024-05-06 13:38:03
最近项目做到用户自定义头像功能模块，然后仿照微信做了一个。从相册获取照片的链接在这：http://blog.csdn.net/a44496913/article/details/72979704
先来两张效果图
1.使用相机拍照
- 导入需要的框架
#import <AVFoundation/AVFoundation.h>- 创建相机
/** 捕获设备，通常是前置摄像头，后置摄像头，麦克风（音频输入） */
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureDevice *device;/** 代表输入设备，使用AVCaptureDevice初始化 */
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureDeviceInput *input;/** 输出图片 */
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureStillImageOutput *imageOutput;/** 由他将输入输出结合在一起，并开始启动捕获设备（摄像头） */
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureSession *session;/** 图像预览层，实时显示捕获的图像 */
@property (strong, nonatomic) AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer *previewLayer;
- (void)createCameraDistrict{//获取后置摄像头self.device = [self camerWithPosition:AVCaptureDevicePositionBack];self.input = [[AVCaptureDeviceInput alloc] initWithDevice:self.device error:nil];self.imageOutput = [[AVCaptureStillImageOutput alloc] init];self.session = [[AVCaptureSession alloc] init];//设置获取图片的质量self.session.sessionPreset = AVCaptureSessionPresetPhoto;//添加输入输出if ([self.session canAddInput:self.input]) {[self.session addInput:self.input];}if ([self.session canAddOutput:self.imageOutput]) {[self.session addOutput:self.imageOutput];}//生成预览层self.previewLayer = [[AVCaptureVideoPreviewLayer alloc] initWithSession:self.session];self.previewLayer.frame = CGRectMake(0, 35, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT - self.bottomView.size.height - 35);self.previewLayer.videoGravity = AVLayerVideoGravityResizeAspectFill;self.previewLayer.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor].CGColor;[self.view.layer addSublayer:self.previewLayer];if ([_device lockForConfiguration:nil]) {//自动闪光灯if ([_device isFlashModeSupported:AVCaptureFlashModeAuto]) {[_device setFlashMode:AVCaptureFlashModeAuto];}//自动白平衡if ([_device isWhiteBalanceModeSupported:AVCaptureWhiteBalanceModeAutoWhiteBalance]) {[_device setWhiteBalanceMode:AVCaptureWhiteBalanceModeAutoWhiteBalance];}[_device unlockForConfiguration];}//开始取景[self.session startRunning];
}
//根据前后置位置获取相应的摄像头
- (AVCaptureDevice *)camerWithPosition:(AVCaptureDevicePosition)position{NSArray *devices = [AVCaptureDevice devicesWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];for (AVCaptureDevice *device in devices) {if (device.position == position) {return device;}}return nil;
}//设置闪光灯状态为自动[self.device lockForConfiguration:nil];if ([self.device hasFlash]) {if ([_device isFlashModeSupported:AVCaptureFlashModeAuto]) {[_device setFlashMode:AVCaptureFlashModeAuto];}}[self.device unlockForConfiguration];//设置闪光灯状态为打开[self.device lockForConfiguration:nil];if ([self.device hasFlash]) {if ([_device isFlashModeSupported:AVCaptureFlashModeOn]) {[_device setFlashMode:AVCaptureFlashModeOn];}}[self.device unlockForConfiguration];//设置闪光灯状态为关闭[self.device lockForConfiguration:nil];if ([self.device hasFlash]) {if ([_device isFlashModeSupported:AVCaptureFlashModeOff]) {[_device setFlashMode:AVCaptureFlashModeOff];}}[self.device unlockForConfiguration];//切换相机
- (IBAction)switchCameraButtonClicked:(id)sender {[self changeCamera];//延迟一秒设置相机初始焦点__weak typeof(self) weakSelf = self;dispatch_time_t delayTime = dispatch_time(DISPATCH_TIME_NOW, (int64_t)(1.0 * NSEC_PER_SEC));dispatch_after(delayTime, dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{[weakSelf setupFocusPointManual]; //设置初始焦点居中});}- (void)changeCamera{NSUInteger cameraCount = [[AVCaptureDevice devicesWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo] count];if (cameraCount > 1) {NSError *error;//给摄像头的切换添加翻转动画CATransition *animation = [CATransition animation];animation.duration = 0.5f;animation.timingFunction = [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionLinear];animation.type = @"oglFlip";animation.subtype = kCATransitionFromLeft;AVCaptureDevice *newCamera = nil;AVCaptureDeviceInput *newInput = nil;//拿到另外一个摄像头位置AVCaptureDevicePosition position = [[_input device] position];if (position == AVCaptureDevicePositionFront){newCamera = [self camerWithPosition:AVCaptureDevicePositionBack];}else {newCamera = [self camerWithPosition:AVCaptureDevicePositionFront];self.lightBtn.selected = YES;[self autoButtonClicked:self.autoBtn];}//生成新的输入newInput = [AVCaptureDeviceInput deviceInputWithDevice:newCamera error:nil];if (newInput != nil) {[self.session beginConfiguration];[self.session removeInput:self.input];if ([self.session canAddInput:newInput]) {[self.session addInput:newInput];self.input = newInput;} else {[self.session addInput:self.input];}[self.session commitConfiguration];} else if (error) {NSLog(@"toggle carema failed, error = %@", error);}[self.previewLayer addAnimation:animation forKey:@"OglFlipAnimation"];}
}
- (void)setupFocusPointManual{CGPoint point = CGPointMake(SCREEN_WIDTH / 2.0, 35 + self.previewLayer.bounds.size.height / 2.0);[self focusAtPoint:point];
}- (void)focusAtPoint:(CGPoint)point{CGSize size = self.view.bounds.size;CGPoint focusPoint = CGPointMake( point.y /size.height ,1-point.x/size.width );NSError *error;if ([self.device lockForConfiguration:&error]) {if ([self.device isFocusModeSupported:AVCaptureFocusModeAutoFocus]) {[self.device setFocusPointOfInterest:focusPoint];[self.device setFocusMode:AVCaptureFocusModeAutoFocus];}if ([self.device isExposureModeSupported:AVCaptureExposureModeAutoExpose ]) {[self.device setExposurePointOfInterest:focusPoint];[self.device setExposureMode:AVCaptureExposureModeAutoExpose];}[self.device unlockForConfiguration];_focusView.center = point;_focusView.hidden = NO;[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3 animations:^{_focusView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeScale(1.25, 1.25);}completion:^(BOOL finished) {[UIView animateWithDuration:0.5 animations:^{_focusView.transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;} completion:^(BOOL finished) {_focusView.hidden = YES;}];}];}}
//根据点击手势设置焦点
- (void)focusGesture:(UITapGestureRecognizer*)gesture{CGPoint point = [gesture locationInView:gesture.view];CGRect frame = self.previewLayer.frame;//去除预览区以外的点if ((point.x >= frame.origin.x && point.x <= frame.origin.x + frame.size.width) &&(point.y >= frame.origin.y && point.y <= frame.origin.y + frame.size.height)) {[self focusAtPoint:point];}
}//拍照、获取照片
- (void)takePhotos{AVCaptureConnection *conntion = [self.imageOutput connectionWithMediaType:AVMediaTypeVideo];if (!conntion) {[YMLPrompt showMessage:@"拍照失败，请重试" delay:3.0f];return;}[self.imageOutput captureStillImageAsynchronouslyFromConnection:conntion completionHandler:^(CMSampleBufferRef imageDataSampleBuffer, NSError *error) {if (imageDataSampleBuffer == nil) {return ;}NSData *imageData = [AVCaptureStillImageOutput jpegStillImageNSDataRepresentation:imageDataSampleBuffer];UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];image = [image fixOrientation]; //修正图片方向[self.session stopRunning];}];}
//获取照片后，保存到相册
- (void)saveImageToPhotoAlbum:(UIImage *)savedImage{UIImageWriteToSavedPhotosAlbum(savedImage, self, @selector(image:didFinishSavingWithError:contextInfo:), NULL);
}//保存完成回调
- (void)image:(UIImage *)image didFinishSavingWithError:(NSError *)error contextInfo:(void *)contextInfo{NSString *msg = nil ;if(error != NULL){msg = @"保存图片失败" ;}else{msg = @"保存图片成功" ;}kLog(@"%@",msg);
}注意点：1.）由于目前苹果对用户隐私的保护，需要在 Info.plist 文件中添加如下信息：
<key>NSCameraUsageDescription</key>
<string>相机使用说明</string>
<key>NSPhotoLibraryUsageDescription</key>
<string>相册使用说明</string>
2.) 相机拍照默认是横屏的（Home键在右手侧），拍出来的照片方向不是向上的，在直接预览或者在相册中查看却都是方向向上的，但是在裁剪之后得 到的图片方向不是向上的。通过图片的 imageOrientation 属性可以看到，拍出来的图片方向是 UIImageOrientationRight，所以需要调整图片方向
- 在UIImage类别中添加一个修正图片方向的方法
#import "UIImage+Custom.h"@implementation UIImage (Custom)- (UIImage *)fixOrientation {// No-op if the orientation is already correctif (self.imageOrientation == UIImageOrientationUp) return self;// We need to calculate the proper transformation to make the image upright.// We do it in 2 steps: Rotate if Left/Right/Down, and then flip if Mirrored.CGAffineTransform transform = CGAffineTransformIdentity;switch (self.imageOrientation) {case UIImageOrientationDown:case UIImageOrientationDownMirrored:transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, self.size.height);transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI);break;case UIImageOrientationLeft:case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, 0);transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, M_PI_2);break;case UIImageOrientationRight:case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, 0, self.size.height);transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(transform, -M_PI_2);break;case UIImageOrientationUp:case UIImageOrientationUpMirrored:break;}switch (self.imageOrientation) {case UIImageOrientationUpMirrored:case UIImageOrientationDownMirrored:transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.width, 0);transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1, 1);break;case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(transform, self.size.height, 0);transform = CGAffineTransformScale(transform, -1, 1);break;case UIImageOrientationUp:case UIImageOrientationDown:case UIImageOrientationLeft:case UIImageOrientationRight:break;}// Now we draw the underlying CGImage into a new context, applying the transform// calculated above.CGContextRef ctx = CGBitmapContextCreate(NULL, self.size.width, self.size.height,CGImageGetBitsPerComponent(self.CGImage), 0,CGImageGetColorSpace(self.CGImage),CGImageGetBitmapInfo(self.CGImage));CGContextConcatCTM(ctx, transform);switch (self.imageOrientation) {case UIImageOrientationLeft:case UIImageOrientationLeftMirrored:case UIImageOrientationRight:case UIImageOrientationRightMirrored:// Grr...CGContextDrawImage(ctx, CGRectMake(0,0,self.size.height,self.size.width), self.CGImage);break;default:CGContextDrawImage(ctx, CGRectMake(0,0,self.size.width,self.size.height), self.CGImage);break;}// And now we just create a new UIImage from the drawing contextCGImageRef cgimg = CGBitmapContextCreateImage(ctx);UIImage *img = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:cgimg];CGContextRelease(ctx);CGImageRelease(cgimg);return img;
}2.对图片进行裁剪
裁剪图片在 GHPhotoClipView 类中实现
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface GHPhotoClipView : UIView/** 用于裁剪的原始图片 */
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIImage *image;/** 重新拍照block */
@property (copy, nonatomic) void(^remakeBlock)();/** 裁剪完成block */
@property (copy, nonatomic) void(^sureUseBlock)(UIImage *image);@end#import "GHPhotoClipView.h"
#import "GHPhotoClipCoverView.h"@interface GHPhotoClipView ()/** 图片 */
@property (strong, nonatomic) UIImageView *imageV;/** 图片加载后的初始位置 */
@property (assign, nonatomic) CGRect norRect;/** 裁剪框frame */
@property (assign, nonatomic) CGRect showRect;@end@implementation GHPhotoClipView- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame{self = [super initWithFrame:frame];if (self) {self.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];[self createSubViews];}return self;
}- (void)createSubViews{self.imageV = [[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0 , self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.width)];[self addSubview:self.imageV];GHPhotoClipCoverView *coverView = [[GHPhotoClipCoverView alloc] initWithFrame:self.bounds];[coverView addGestureRecognizer:[[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panGR:)]];[coverView addGestureRecognizer:[[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc] initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinGR:)]];self.showRect = CGRectMake(1, self.frame.size.height * 0.15,self.frame.size.width - 2 ,self.frame.size.width - 2);coverView.showRect = self.showRect;[self addSubview:coverView];UIView *bottomView = [[UIView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, self.frame.size.height - 60, self.frame.size.width, 60)];bottomView.backgroundColor = [[UIColor blackColor] colorWithAlphaComponent:0.6f];[coverView addSubview:bottomView];[YMLFactory btnWithFrame:CGRectMake(10, 15, 60, 30) Type:UIButtonTypeCustom Title:@"重拍" fontSize:15 titleColor:[UIColor whiteColor] bgColor:[UIColor clearColor] target:self selector:@selector(leftButtonClicked) superView:bottomView];[YMLFactory btnWithFrame:CGRectMake(bottomView.frame.size.width - 90, 15, 80, 30) Type:UIButtonTypeCustom Title:@"使用照片" fontSize:15 titleColor:[UIColor whiteColor] bgColor:[UIColor clearColor] target:self selector:@selector(rightButtonClicked) superView:bottomView];}- (void)setImage:(UIImage *)image{if (image) {CGFloat ret = image.size.height / image.size.width;_imageV.height = _imageV.width * ret;_imageV.center = self.center;_norRect = _imageV.frame;_imageV.image = image;}_image = image;}- (void)panGR:(UIPanGestureRecognizer *)sender{CGPoint point = [sender translationInView:self];kLog(@"%f %f",point.x,point.y);_imageV.center = CGPointMake(_imageV.centerX + point.x, _imageV.centerY + point.y);[sender setTranslation:CGPointZero inView:self];if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded) {[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3f animations:^{_imageV.frame = _norRect;}];}
}- (void)pinGR:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer *)sender{_imageV.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(_imageV.transform, sender.scale, sender.scale);sender.scale = 1.0;if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded) {[UIView animateWithDuration:0.3f animations:^{_imageV.frame = _norRect;}];}
}#pragma mark -- 重拍- (void)leftButtonClicked{kLog(@"重拍");if (self.remakeBlock) {self.remakeBlock();}}#pragma mark -- 使用照片- (void)rightButtonClicked{kLog(@"使用照片");CGFloat w = self.image.size.width;CGFloat h = self.image.size.height;CGFloat originX = (1- self.showRect.size.width / self.norRect.size.width) / 2.0 * w;CGFloat originY = (self.showRect.origin.y - self.norRect.origin.y) / self.norRect.size.height * h;CGFloat clipW = self.showRect.size.width / self.norRect.size.width * w;CGFloat clipH = self.showRect.size.height / self.norRect.size.height * h;CGRect clipRect = CGRectMake(originX, originY, clipW, clipH);UIImage *image = [Tools imageFromImage:self.image inRect:clipRect];_imageV.image = image;if (self.sureUseBlock) {self.sureUseBlock(image);}
}@end
- 裁剪图片的方法
/*** 从图片中按指定的位置大小截取图片的一部分* UIImage image 原始的图片* CGRect rect 要截取的区域*/
+ (UIImage *)imageFromImage:(UIImage *)image inRect:(CGRect)rect{//将UIImage转换成CGImageRefCGImageRef sourceImageRef = [image CGImage];//按照给定的矩形区域进行剪裁CGImageRef newImageRef = CGImageCreateWithImageInRect(sourceImageRef, rect);//将CGImageRef转换成UIImageUIImage *newImage = [UIImage imageWithCGImage:newImageRef];//返回剪裁后的图片return newImage;
}- 裁剪框效果
#import <UIKit/UIKit.h>@interface GHPhotoClipCoverView : UIView/** 显示方框区域 */
@property (assign, nonatomic) CGRect showRect;@end
#import "GHPhotoClipCoverView.h"@implementation GHPhotoClipCoverView- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame{self = [super initWithFrame:frame];if (self) {self.backgroundColor = [UIColor clearColor];}return self;
}- (void)drawRect:(CGRect)rect{[super drawRect:rect];CGContextRef ctx = UIGraphicsGetCurrentContext();// 整体颜色CGContextSetRGBFillColor(ctx, 0.15, 0.15, 0.15, 0.6);CGContextFillRect(ctx, rect); //draw the transparent layer//中间清空矩形框CGRect clearDrawRect = self.showRect;CGContextClearRect(ctx, clearDrawRect);//边框CGContextStrokeRect(ctx, clearDrawRect);CGContextSetRGBStrokeColor(ctx, 1, 1, 1, 1); //颜色CGContextSetLineWidth(ctx, 0.5); //线宽CGContextAddRect(ctx, clearDrawRect); //矩形CGContextStrokePath(ctx);
}@endDemo地址：https://github.com/HuberyYang/CameraDemo.git
参考文章：30分钟搞定iOS自定义相机
如何处理iOS中照片的方向
iOS-AVFoundation自定义相机详解
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