oracle字符串函数（转）

oracle字符串函数[@more@]

ASCII

Get The ASCII Value Of A Character

ASCII(ch VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS) RETURN PLS_INTEGER;

SELECT ASCII('A') FROM dual;
SELECT ASCII('Z') FROM dual;
SELECT ASCII('a') FROM dual;
SELECT ASCII('z') FROM dual;
SELECT ASCII(' ') FROM dual;

CASE Related Functions

Upper Case

UPPER(ch VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ch%CHARSET;

SELECT UPPER('Dan Morgan') FROM dual;

Lower Case

LOWER(ch VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ch%CHARSET;

SELECT LOWER('Dan Morgan') FROM dual;

Initial Letter Upper Case

INITCAP(ch VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ch%CHARSET;

SELECT INITCAP('DAN MORGAN') FROM dual;

NLS Upper Case

NLS_UPPER()

SELECT NLS_UPPER('Dan Morgan', 'NLS_SORT = XDanish')
FROM dual;

NLS Lower Case

NLS_LOWER()

SELECT NLS_LOWER('Dan Morgan', 'NLS_SORT = XFrench')
FROM dual;

NLS Initial Letter Upper Case

NLS_INITCAP()

SELECT NLS_INITCAP('DAN MORGAN', 'NLS_SORT = XGerman')
FROM dual;

CHR

Character

CHR(n PLS_INTEGER) RETURN VARCHAR2;

SELECT(CHR(68) || CHR(65) || CHR(78)) FROM dual;

SELECT(CHR(68) || CHR(97) || CHR(110)) FROM dual;

COALESCE

Returns the first non-null occurrence

COALESCE(, , , ...)

CREATE TABLE test (
col1 VARCHAR2(1),
col2 VARCHAR2(1),
col3 VARCHAR2(1));

INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, 'B', 'C');
INSERT INTO test VALUES ('A', NULL, 'C');
INSERT INTO test VALUES (NULL, NULL, 'C');
INSERT INTO test VALUES ('A', 'B', 'C');

SELECT COALESCE(col1, col2, col3) FROM test;

CONCAT

Concatenate (overload 1)

CONCAT(left IN VARCHAR2, right IN VARCHAR2) RETURN VARCHAR2

SELECT CONCAT('Dan ', 'Morgan') FROM dual;

Concatenate (overload 2)

CONCAT(left IN CLOB, right IN CLOB) RETURN CLOB

set serveroutput on

DECLARE
c1 CLOB := TO_CLOB('Dan ');
c2 CLOB := TO_CLOB('Morgan');
c3 CLOB;
BEGIN
SELECT CONCAT('Dan ', 'Morgan')
INTO c3
FROM dual;

dbms_output.put_line(c3);
END;
/

CONVERT

Converts From One Character Set To Another

CONVERT(,,
)

SELECT CONVERT('Ġʠ͠ՠؠA B C D E','US7ASCII','WE8ISO8859P1')
FROM dual;

DUMP

Returns The Number Of Bytes And Datatype Of A Value

DUMP(, , , );

8	Octal
10	Decimal
16	Hexidecimal
17	Single Characters
1008	octal notation with the character set name
1010	decimal notation with the character set name
1016	hexadecimal notation with the character set name
1017	single characters with the character set name

set linesize 121
col dmp format a50

SELECT table_name, DUMP(table_name) DMP FROM user_tables;

SELECT table_name, DUMP(table_name, 16) DMP FROM user_tables;

SELECT table_name, DUMP(table_name, 16, 7, 4) DMP FROM user_tables;

INSTR

See links at page bottom

INSTRB

Location of a string, within another string, in bytes

INSTRB(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS, -- test string
STR2 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET, -- string to locate
POS PLS_INTEGER := 1, -- position
NTH POSITIVE := 1) -- occurrence number
RETURN PLS_INTEGER;

SELECT INSTRB('Dan Morgan', ' ', 1, 1) FROM dual;

INSTRC

Location of a string, within another string, in Unicode complete characters

INSTRC(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS, -- test string
STR2 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET, -- string to locate
POS PLS_INTEGER := 1, -- position
NTH POSITIVE := 1) -- occurrence number
RETURN PLS_INTEGER;

SELECT INSTRC('Dan Morgan', ' ', 1, 1) FROM dual;

INSTR2

Location of a string, within another string, in UCS2 code points

INSTR2(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS, -- test string
STR2 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET, -- string to locate
POS PLS_INTEGER := 1, -- position
NTH POSITIVE := 1) -- occurrence number
RETURN PLS_INTEGER;

SELECT INSTR2('Dan Morgan', ' ', 1, 1) FROM dual;

INSTR4

Location of a string, within another string, in UCS4 code points

INSTR4(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS, -- test string
STR2 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET, -- string to locate
POS PLS_INTEGER := 1, -- position
NTH POSITIVE := 1) -- occurrence number
RETURN PLS_INTEGER;

SELECT INSTR4('Dan Morgan', ' ', 1, 1) FROM dual;

LENGTH

String Length

LENGTH()

SELECT LENGTH('Dan Morgan') FROM dual;

LENGTHB

Returns length in bytes

LENGTHB()

SELECT table_name, LENGTHB(table_name) FROM user_tables;

Note: Additional forms of LENGTH (LENGTHC, LENGTH2, and LENGTH4) are also available.

LPAD

Left Pad

Overload 1

LPAD(
str1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS,
len PLS_INTEGER,
PAD VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

SELECT LPAD('Dan Morgan', 25, 'x') FROM dual;

Overload 2

LPAD(
str1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS,
len PLS_INTEGER)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

SELECT LPAD('Dan Morgan', 25) FROM dual;

Overload 3

LPAD(
str1 CLOB CHARACTER SET ANY_CS,
len NUMBER,
PAD CLOB CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET)
RETURN CLOB CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

TBD

Overload 4

LPAD(
str1 CLOB CHARACTER SET ANY_CS,
len INTEGER)
RETURN CLOB CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

TBD

LTRIM

Left Trim

Overload 1

LTRIM(
str1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS := ' ',
tset VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

SELECT '->' || LTRIM(' Dan Morgan ') || '

Overload 2

LTRIM(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS := ' ')
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

SELECT '->' || LTRIM('xxx Dan Morgan ') || '
SELECT '->' || LTRIM('xxxDan Morgan ', 'x') || '

MAX

The Maximum String based on the current sort parameter

MAX()

SELECT MAX(table_name)
FROM user_tables;

MIN

The Minimum String based on the current sort parameter

MIN()

SELECT MIN(table_name)
FROM user_tables

NLSSORT

Returns the string of bytes used to sort a string.

The string returned is of RAW data type

NLSSORT(, 'NLS_SORT = );

CREATE TABLE test (name VARCHAR2(15));
INSERT INTO test VALUES ('Gaardiner');
INSERT INTO test VALUES ('Gaberd');
INSERT INTO test VALUES ('G⢥rd');
COMMIT;

SELECT * FROM test ORDER BY name;

SELECT * FROM test
ORDER BY NLSSORT(name, 'NLS_SORT = XDanish');

SELECT * FROM test
ORDER BY NLSSORT(name, 'NLS_SORT = BINARY_CI');

Quote Delimiters

q used to define a quote delimiter for PL/SQL

q'';

set serveroutput on

DECLARE
s1 VARCHAR2(20);
s2 VARCHAR2(20);
s3 VARCHAR2(20);
BEGIN
s1 := q'[Isn't this cool]';
s2 := q'"Isn't this cool"';
s3 := q'|Isn't this cool|';

dbms_output.put_line(s1);
dbms_output.put_line(s2);
dbms_output.put_line(s3);
END;
/

REPLACE

See links at page bottom

REVERSE

Reverse

REVERSE()

SELECT REVERSE('Dan Morgan') FROM dual;

SELECT DUMP('Dan Morgan') FROM dual;
SELECT DUMP(REVERSE('Dan Morgan')) FROM dual;

RPAD

Right Pad

Overload 1

RPAD(str1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS, len PLS_INTEGER,
pad VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

SELECT RPAD('Dan Morgan', 25, 'x') FROM dual;

Overload 2

RPAD(str1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS, len PLS_INTEGER)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

SELECT RPAD('Dan Morgan', 25) ||'

RTRIM

Right Trim

Overload 1

RTRIM(
str1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS := ' ',
tset VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

SELECT '->' || RTRIM(' Dan Morganxxx') || 'SELECT '->' || RTRIM(' Dan Morganxxx', 'xxx') || '

Overload 2

RTRIM(
str1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS := ' ')
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

SELECT '->' || RTRIM(' Dan Morgan ') || '

SOUNDEX

Returns Character String Containing The Phonetic Representation Of Another String

Rules:

Retain the first letter of the string and remove all other occurrences of the following letters: a, e, h, i, o, u, w, y
Assign numbers to the remaining letters (after the first) as
follows:
b, f, p, v = 1
c, g, j, k, q, s, x, z = 2
d, t = 3
l = 4
m, n = 5
r = 6
If two or more letters with the same number were adjacent in the original name (before step 1), or adjacent except for any intervening h and w, then omit all but the first.
Return the first four bytes padded with 0.

SOUNDEX(ch VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS)
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ch%CHARSET;

CREATE TABLE test (
namecol VARCHAR2(15));

INSERT INTO test (namecol) VALUES ('Smith');
INSERT INTO test (namecol) VALUES ('Smyth');
INSERT INTO test (namecol) VALUES ('Smythe');
INSERT INTO test (namecol) VALUES ('Smither');
INSERT INTO test (namecol) VALUES ('Smidt');
INSERT INTO test (namecol) VALUES ('Smick');
INSERT INTO test (namecol) VALUES ('Smiff');
COMMIT;

SELECT name, SOUNDEX(namecol) FROM test;
-- Thanks Frank van Bortel for the idea for the above

SELECT *
FROM test
WHERE SOUNDEX(namecol) = SOUNDEX('SMITH');

SUBSTR

See links at page bottom

SUBSTRB

Returns a substring counting bytes rather than characters

SUBSTRB(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS,
POS PLS_INTEGER, -- starting position
LEN PLS_INTEGER := 2147483647) -- number of characters
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

See Demos on the Substring Page

SUBSTRC

Returns a substring within another string, using Unicode code points

SUBSTRC(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS,
POS PLS_INTEGER, -- starting position
LEN PLS_INTEGER := 2147483647) -- number of characters
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

See Demos on the Substring Page

SUBSTR2

Returns a substring within another string, using UCS2 code points

SUBSTR2(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS,
POS PLS_INTEGER, -- starting position
LEN PLS_INTEGER := 2147483647) -- number of characters
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

See Demos on the Substring Page

SUBSTR4

Returns a substring within another string, using UCS4 code points

SUBSTR4(
STR1 VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET ANY_CS,
POS PLS_INTEGER, -- starting position
LEN PLS_INTEGER := 2147483647) -- number of characters
RETURN VARCHAR2 CHARACTER SET STR1%CHARSET;

See Demos on the Substring Page

TRANSLATE

See links at page bottom

TREAT

Changes The Declared Type Of An Expression

TREAT ( AS REF schema.type))

SELECT name, TREAT(VALUE(p) AS employee_t).salary SALARY
FROM persons p;

TRIM (variations are LTRIM and RTRIM)

Trim Spaces

TRIM()

SELECT ' Dan Morgan ' FROM dual;

SELECT TRIM(' Dan Morgan ') FROM dual;

Trim Other Characters

TRIM( FROM )

SELECT TRIM('D' FROM 'Dan Morgan') FROM dual;

Trim By CHR value

TRIM()

SELECT ASCII(SUBSTR('Dan Morgan',1,1)) FROM dual;

SELECT TRIM(CHR(68) FROM 'Dan Morgan') FROM dual;

Vertical Bars

Also known as Pipes

SELECT 'Dan' || ' ' || 'Morgan' FROM dual;

with alias

SELECT 'Dan' || ' ' || 'Morgan' NAME FROM dual;
or
SELECT 'Dan' || ' ' || 'Morgan' AS NAME FROM dual;

VSIZE

Byte Size

VSIZE(e IN VARCHAR2) RETURN NUMBER

SELECT VSIZE('Dan Morgan') FROM dual;

来自 “ ITPUB博客 ” ，链接：http://blog.itpub.net/101162/viewspace-930849/，如需转载，请注明出处，否则将追究法律责任。

转载于:http://blog.itpub.net/101162/viewspace-930849/

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