android串口通信——身份证识别器

本文主要解决的问题：
1.身份证识别器硬件的使用
2.读取到数据的解析

一、身份证识别器基础

1.调用身份证识别器的步骤

调用身份证识别器的步骤分为三步：
- 1.寻找身份证信息
- 2.选取身份证信息
- 3.读取身份证信息

2.波特率

身份证识别器的默认波特率是115200。

3.基本指令

• 1、寻找身份证信息：
  寻卡命令： AA AA AA 96 69 00 03 20 01 22
  返 回 值： AA AA AA 96 69 00 08 00 00 9F 00 00 00 00 97

• 2、选取身份证信息：
  选卡命令： AA AA AA 96 69 00 03 20 02 21
  返 回 值： AA AA AA 96 69 00 0C 00 00 90 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9C

• 3、读取身份证信息(文字+照片信息)：
  读卡命令： AA AA AA 96 69 00 03 30 01 32
  返 回 值： 1295 字节数据身份证信息

• 4 、 读取身份证信息(文字+照片+指纹特征点信息)
  读卡命令： AA AA AA 96 69 00 03 30 10 23
  返回 值： 2321 或 1809 或 1297 字节数据身份证信息

4. 身份证信息结构

• 身份证信息(文字+照片)结构：
  AA AA AA 96 69 05 08 00 00 90 01 00 04 00 +（ 256 字节文字信息 ） +（ 1024 字节
  照片信息） +（ 1 字节 CRC）

• 身份证信息(文字+照片+指纹)结构：
  AA AA AA 96 69 09 0A 00 00 90 01 00 04 00 04 00 +（ 256 字节文字信息） +
  （ 1024 字节图片信息） +（ 1024 或 512 或 0 字节指纹信息） +1 字节校验位 指
  纹数据的具体大小由第十五和第十六字节判断 (04 00)=4*16*16=1024
  (02 00)=2*16*16=512

5.文字结构说明

文字信息采用 GB 13000 的 UCS-2 进行存储， 各项目分配如下：

6.民族代码对照表

7.性别代码对照表

二、身份证的读取

首先需要知道身份证的波特率和硬件连接地址，身份证的波特率默认是115200

1.读取的方法调用

       /*** 读取 身份证信息** @param view*/public void readIdCard(View view) {//1.硬件地址判断String adress = addressTv.getText().toString().trim();if ("".equals(adress)) {Toast.makeText(this, "请选择硬件地址", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;}//2.波特率判断String bauteStr = bauteRateTv.getText().toString().trim();if ("".equals(bauteStr)) {Toast.makeText(this, "请选择波特率", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();return;}new IDCardReadUtils(this).queryIdCardInfo(adress, Integer.parseInt(bauteStr), new IDCardReadUtils.IDCardListener() {@Overridepublic void onInfo(IdCardBean bean) {//输出身份证信息infoTv.setText(bean.word.toMyString());//头像的显示decodeImagexxx(bean.headImage);}});}public String bmpPath =   "/sdcard/photo.bmp";public String wltPath =  "/sdcard/photo.wlt";public void decodeImagexxx(byte[] wlt) {if (wlt == null) {return;}try {File wltFile = new File(wltPath);FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(wltFile);fos.write(wlt);fos.close();DecodeWlt dw = new DecodeWlt();int result = dw.Wlt2Bmp(wltPath, bmpPath);if (result == 1) {File f = new File(bmpPath);if (f.exists())headIv.setImageBitmap(BitmapFactory.decodeFile(bmpPath));else {
//                    imageViewPhoto.setImageResource(R.drawable.photo);}} else {
//                imageViewPhoto.setImageResource(R.drawable.photo);}} catch (IOException ioe) {ioe.printStackTrace();}}

2.身份证的工具类（IDCardReadUtils）

这个类主要处理
1.读取身份证信息
①寻找身份证信息
②选取身份证信息
③读取身份证信息
2.把读取到信息进行处理，封装bean

package com.qwm.idcarddemo.utils;import android.annotation.SuppressLint;
import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;import com.qwm.idcarddemo.bean.IdCardBean;
import com.qwm.idcarddemo.bean.SerialPortSendData;import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.util.Arrays;/*** @author qiwenming* @date 2016/1/19 0019 下午 6:02* @ClassName: IDCardReadUtils* @ProjectName: * @PackageName: com.qwm.idcarddemo.utils* @Description:  读取的工具类**/
public class IDCardReadUtils {private final Context context;private IDCardListener listener;public IDCardReadUtils(Context context){this.context = context;}private IDCardDevicesUtils device;private boolean isIdCardOk;/*** 获取错误的字符* @return*/private String getFialStr(){StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();sb.append("(");sb.append("000010|");sb.append("000011|");sb.append("000010|");sb.append("000021|");sb.append("000023|");sb.append("000024|");
//        sb.append("31|");
//        sb.append("32|");sb.append("000033|");sb.append("40|");sb.append("41|");sb.append("47|");sb.append("000060|");sb.append("000066|");sb.append("000080|");sb.append("000081|");sb.append("000091");sb.append(")");return sb.toString();}private int ii=0;public String getSSSS(){String ss = Integer.toHexString(ii);ii++;if(ss.length()<2)ss = "0"+ss;return ss;}/*** 第一步：寻找身份证信息* @param devicessAddress  设备地址* @param bauteRate  波特率* @param listener  回调* 获取身份证信息* 分为三步走：* 1.寻找身份证信息*   AA AA AA 96 69 00 03 20 01 22*   返回 AA AA AA 96 69 00 08 00 00 9F 00 00 00 00 97* 2.选取身份证信息*   AA AA AA 96 69 00 03 20 02 21*   返回AA AA AA 96 69 00 0C 00 00 90 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 9C* 3.获取AA AA AA 96 69 00 03 30 01 32返回1295  字节数据身份证信息*/public void queryIdCardInfo(String devicessAddress,int bauteRate,IDCardListener listener) {this.listener = listener;Log.i("queryIdCardInfo", "queryIdCardInfo--------");device = new IDCardDevicesUtils();SerialPortSendData sendData = new SerialPortSendData("/dev/ttyS3",115200,  "AAAAAA96690003200122","9f", getFialStr(),"97", true);device.toSend(context, sendData, new IDCardDevicesUtils.ReciverListener() {@Overridepublic void onReceived(String receviceStr) {choiceIdCardInfo();}@Overridepublic void onFail(String fialStr) {//mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(GETIDCARD, 1000);try{Toast.makeText(context, "请放入或 重放身份证", Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();}catch(Exception e){e.printStackTrace();}}@Overridepublic void onErr(Exception e) {try{
//                    MyToast.shortShow(getActivity(), "请放入或 重放身份证");}catch(Exception e2){e2.printStackTrace();}//    mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(GETIDCARD, 1000);}//            @Override
//            public void onFinished(Exception e) {//
//            }});}/*** 第二步：选取身份证*/public void choiceIdCardInfo(){device = new IDCardDevicesUtils();Log.i("choiceIdCardInfo", "choiceIdCardInfo--------");SerialPortSendData sendData = new SerialPortSendData("/dev/ttyS3",115200,  "AAAAAA96690003200221","90", getFialStr(),"9c", true);device.toSend(context, sendData, new IDCardDevicesUtils.ReciverListener() {@Overridepublic void onReceived(String receviceStr) {getIdCardInfo();}@Overridepublic void onFail(String fialStr) {//mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(GETIDCARD, 1000);
//                MyToast.shortShow(getActivity(), "选取失败");}@Overridepublic void onErr(Exception e) {
//                MyToast.shortShow(getActivity(), "选取失败");//    mHandler.sendEmptyMessageDelayed(GETIDCARD, 1000);}//            @Override
//            public void onFinished(Exception e) {//
//            }});}/*** 第三步：获取身份证信息*/public void getIdCardInfo(){Log.i("getIdCardInfo", "getIdCardInfo--------");device = new IDCardDevicesUtils();SerialPortSendData sendData = new SerialPortSendData("/dev/ttyS3",115200,"AAAAAA96690003300132",1295);device.toSend(context, sendData, new IDCardDevicesUtils.ReciverListener() {@Overridepublic void onReceived(String receviceStr) {IdCardBean bean = getIdCardDataBean(receviceStr);listener.onInfo(bean);}@Overridepublic void onFail(String fialStr) {
//                MyToast.shortShow(getActivity(), "身份证读取失败");}@Overridepublic void onErr(Exception e) {
//                MyToast.shortShow(getActivity(), "身份证读取失败");}//            @Override
//            public void onFinished(Exception e) {//
//            }});}/*** 身份证信息处理* 身份证信息(文字+照片)结构：* AA AA AA 96 69 05 08 00 00 90 01 00 04 00 +（256  字节文字信息 ）+（1024 字节  照片信息）+（1  字节 CRC）* @param dataStr*/@SuppressLint("NewApi")public IdCardBean getIdCardDataBean(String dataStr){Log.i("idcard_str",dataStr);IdCardBean idCard = new IdCardBean();byte[] data = StringUtils.hexStringToBytes(dataStr);Log.i("--------------dataStr-------------",dataStr.length()+"");if(data.length>=1295){//1.文字信息处理byte[] idWordbytes = Arrays.copyOfRange(data, 14, 270);//2.头像处理String headStr = dataStr.substring(540,2588);idCard.headImage = hex2byte(headStr);//Arrays.copyOfRange(data,270, 1294);try {idCard.word.name = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,0, 30),"UTF-16LE").trim().trim();idCard.word.gender = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,30, 32),"UTF-16LE").trim();idCard.word.nation = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,32, 36),"UTF-16LE").trim();idCard.word.birthday = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,36, 52),"UTF-16LE").trim();idCard.word.address = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,52, 122),"UTF-16LE").trim();idCard.word.idCard = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,122, 158),"UTF-16LE").trim();idCard.word.issuingAuthority = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,158, 188),"UTF-16LE").trim();idCard.word.startTime = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,188, 204),"UTF-16LE").trim();idCard.word.startopTime = new String(Arrays.copyOfRange(idWordbytes,204, 220),"UTF-16LE").trim();//名族的特殊处理idCard.word.nation = NationUtils.getNationNameById(idCard.word.nation);} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e) {}}
//        if(data.length>=1294){//            //照片信息处理
//            idCard.headImage = Arrays.copyOfRange(data,270, 1295);
//        }return idCard;}/***    项目  长度（字节）  说明姓名  30              汉字性别  2              代码民族  4              代码出生  16             年月日：YYYYMMDD住址  70              汉字和数字公民身份号码 36  数字签发机关 30  汉字有效期起始日期 16 年月日：YYYYMMDD有效期截止日期 16 年月日：YYYYMMDD 有效期为长期时存储 “长期”备用 36*//*** 读取成功以后，身份证信息的回调接口*/public interface IDCardListener{void onInfo(IdCardBean bean);}public static byte[] hex2byte(String hex) {int len = (hex.length() / 2);byte[] result = new byte[len];char[] achar = hex.toCharArray();for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {int pos = i * 2;result[i] = (byte) (toByte(achar[pos]) << 4 | toByte(achar[pos + 1]));}Log.i("===========result--length===========",result.length+"");return result;}private static byte toByte(char c) {byte b = (byte) "0123456789ABCDEF".indexOf(c);return b;}//    public static byte[] hex2byte(String str) { // 字符串转二进制
//        if (str == null)
//            return null;
//        str = str.trim();
//        int len = str.length();
//        if (len == 0 || len % 2 == 1)
//            return null;
//        byte[] b = new byte[len / 2];
//        try {//            for (int i = 0; i < str.length(); i += 2) {//                b[i / 2] = (byte) Integer.decode("0X" + str.substring(i, i + 2)).intValue();
//            }
//            return b;
//        } catch (Exception e) {//            return null;
//        }
//    }
}

三、硬件读取类（IDCardDevicesUtils）

package com.qwm.idcarddemo.utils;import android.content.Context;
import android.util.Log;
import android.widget.Toast;import com.qwm.idcarddemo.MainActivity;
import com.qwm.idcarddemo.bean.SerialPortSendData;import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.security.InvalidParameterException;import android_serialport_api.SerialPort;
import android_serialport_api.SerialPortFinder;/*** @author qiwenming* @date 2016/1/19 0019 下午 5:27* @ClassName: IDCardDevicesUtils* @ProjectName: * @PackageName: com.qwm.idcarddemo.utils* @Description:  身份证识别 硬件调用*/
public class IDCardDevicesUtils {protected OutputStream mOutputStream;private InputStream mInputStream;private ReadThread mReadThread;public SerialPortFinder mSerialPortFinder = new SerialPortFinder();private SerialPort mSerialPort;private Context context;/*** @author qiwenming* @creation 2015-6-18 下午4:38:54* @instruction 串口读取类*/private class ReadThread extends Thread {private ReciverListener listener;private SerialPortSendData sendData;public boolean isReadData = false;public boolean isOK = true;public ReadThread(SerialPortSendData sendData, ReciverListener listener) {this.listener = listener;this.sendData = sendData;}@Overridepublic void run() {StringBuffer sb = new StringBuffer();StringBuffer sb2 = new StringBuffer();super.run();while (!isInterrupted()) {int size;try {byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];if (mInputStream == null)return;size = mInputStream.read(buffer);Log.i("--------------", "---------------mInputStream---------------" + mInputStream.available());if (size > 0) { // 读取数据 数据cString str = StringUtils.bytesToHexString(buffer, size).trim().toLowerCase();sb2.append(str);if (sendData.isOnlyLenght) {//这里我们只按照长度读取sb.append(str);if(sb2.toString().matches("\\w+"+sendData.failStr+"\\w+")){closeDevice();if (null == context)return;((MainActivity) context).runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {listener.onFail(sendData.failStr);}});} else if(sb.toString().length()>=(2*sendData.readByteCount)){final String data = sb.toString();closeDevice();if (null == context)return;((MainActivity) context).runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {listener.onReceived(data);}});}} else {//下面的处理是不安长度读取的Log.i("onDataReceived", str);if (sb2.toString().contains(sendData.stopStr)) {// 根据结束标志获取字符消息String[] strs = str.split(sendData.stopStr);if (strs.length > 1)for (int i = 0; i < strs.length - 1; i++)sb.append(strs[i]);final String data = sb.toString();sb = new StringBuffer();Log.i("onDataReceived_stop", data);Log.i("onDataReceived_stop_ascii",  StringUtils.convertHexToString(data));isReadData = false;closeDevice();if (null == context)return;((MainActivity) context).runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {if (isOK)listener.onReceived(data);elselistener.onFail(sendData.failStr);}});}if (isReadData) {sb.append(str);}if (sb2.toString().contains(sendData.okStr)) {isReadData = true;isOK = true;String[] datas = str.split(sendData.okStr);for (int i = 1; i < datas.length; i++) {sb.append(str);}}if (sb2.toString().matches("\\w+"+sendData.failStr+"\\w+")) {
//                                    sb = new StringBuffer();isReadData = false;isOK = false;closeDevice();if (null == context)return;((MainActivity) context).runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {listener.onFail(sendData.failStr);}});}}}} catch (Exception e) {listener.onErr(e);return;}}}}/*** 发送数据** @param context* @param sendData* @param listener*/public void toSend(Context context, SerialPortSendData sendData,ReciverListener listener) {this.context = context;if ("".equals(sendData.path) || "/dev/tty".equals(sendData.path)) {Toast.makeText(context, "设备地址不能为空", 0).show();return;// devStr = "/dev/ttyS1";}if ("".equals(sendData.commandStr)) {Toast.makeText(context, "指令不能为空", 0).show();return;}try {mSerialPort = getSerialPort(sendData.path, sendData.baudRate);mOutputStream = mSerialPort.getOutputStream();mInputStream = mSerialPort.getInputStream();/* Create a receiving thread */mReadThread = new ReadThread(sendData, listener);mReadThread.start();} catch (SecurityException e) {// DisplayError(R.string.error_security);} catch (IOException e) {// DisplayError(R.string.error_unknown);} catch (InvalidParameterException e) {// DisplayError(R.string.error_configuration);}// 上面是获取设置而已 下面这个才是发送指令byte[] text = StringUtils.hexStringToBytes(sendData.commandStr);try {mOutputStream.write(text);//mOutputStream.write('\n');} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** 获取到串口通信的一个示例** @param path* @param baudrate* @return* @throws SecurityException* @throws IOException* @throws InvalidParameterException*/public SerialPort getSerialPort(String path, int baudrate)throws SecurityException, IOException, InvalidParameterException {// if (mSerialPort == null) {/* Check parameters */if ((path.length() == 0) || (baudrate == -1)) {throw new InvalidParameterException();}/* Open the serial port */mSerialPort = new SerialPort(new File(path), baudrate, 0);// 打开这个串口// }return mSerialPort;}public void closeDevice() {if (mReadThread != null)mReadThread.interrupt();// mApplication.closeSerialPort();closeSerialPort();// mSerialPort = null;}public void closeSerialPort() {// 关闭窗口if (mSerialPort != null) {mSerialPort.close();mSerialPort = null;}}/*** @author qiwenming* @creation 2015-7-20 上午10:16:54* @instruction 接受回调类*/public interface ReciverListener {/*** 接受以后的处理方法** @param string* @param headBytes*/public abstract void onReceived(String receviceStr);/*** 出错** @param string*/public abstract void onFail(String fialStr);/*** 出现异常** @param e*/public abstract void onErr(Exception e);}/*** @author qiwenming* @creation 2015-7-20 下午2:34:28* @instruction 这个是我们用于存储读取的数据*/public class RecevedData {public ReturnType returnType;/*** 数据*/public String receviedData;}/*** @author qiwenming* @creation 2015-7-20 下午2:36:21* @instruction 使用辨识返回的数据的*/public enum ReturnType {ERR, // 错误OK, // OKException}
}

四、图示

五、源码下载

https://github.com/qiwenming/IDCardDemo