自定义拍照会用到SurfaceView控件显示照片的预览区域，以下是布局文件：

两个TextView是用来显示提示信息和倒计时的秒数的

xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:background="#266194"

android:orientation="vertical"

tools:context=".TestActivity" >

android:id="@+id/surfaceView"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="match_parent"

android:layout_centerInParent="true" />

android:layout_width="wrap_content"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:layout_centerInParent="true"

android:orientation="vertical" >

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:text="请调整位置到此区域"

android:textColor="#ff0000"

android:textSize="32sp" />

android:id="@+id/tv_time"

android:layout_width="match_parent"

android:layout_height="wrap_content"

android:paddingTop="10dp"

android:gravity="center_horizontal"

android:textColor="#266194"

android:textSize="32sp" />

接下来是mainActivity中的具体实现以及详细注释：

package com.dhsr.pujiejia.ui;

import java.io.File;

import java.io.FileOutputStream;

import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;

import java.util.Date;

import android.annotation.SuppressLint;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.content.Context;

import android.content.Intent;

import android.content.res.Configuration;

import android.graphics.Bitmap;

import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;

import android.graphics.PixelFormat;

import android.hardware.Camera;

import android.hardware.Camera.CameraInfo;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.os.Environment;

import android.os.Handler;

import android.view.SurfaceHolder;

import android.view.SurfaceView;

import android.view.Window;

import android.view.WindowManager;

import android.widget.TextView;

import com.example.pujiejiaapp.R;

@SuppressLint({ "NewApi", "SdCardPath" })

public class CameraActivity extends Activity implements Runnable {

// 预览图片范围

private SurfaceView surfaceView;

private TextView tv_time;

// 倒计时拍摄

private int cameratime = 4;

private Camera camera;

private boolean preview = false;

// 文件名字

private String filename;

// 文件名字的带的时间戳

private String timeString;

// 格式化时间

private SimpleDateFormat dateFormat;

// 日期对象

private Date date;

// 控制线程

boolean stopThread = false;

private File file;

String photo;

private Handler mHandler = new Handler() {

public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) {

int what = msg.what;

switch (what) {

case 222:

tv_time.setText("" + cameratime);

if ("0".equals(tv_time.getText().toString())) {

tv_time.setText("拍摄成功！");

takePhoto();

}

break;

}

};

};

@Override

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_test);

CameraActivity.this.setFinishOnTouchOutside(false);

// 初始化数据

findView();

surfaceView.getHolder().addCallback(new SufaceListener());

/* 下面设置Surface不维护自己的缓冲区，而是等待屏幕的渲染引擎将内容推送到用户面前 */

surfaceView.getHolder()

.setType(SurfaceHolder.SURFACE_TYPE_PUSH_BUFFERS);

surfaceView.getHolder().setFixedSize(200, 200); // 设置分辨率

}

@Override

protected void onStart() {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

super.onStart();

// 开启线程

new Thread(this).start();

}

private final class SufaceListener implements SurfaceHolder.Callback {

/**

* surface改变

*/

@Override

public void surfaceChanged(SurfaceHolder holder, int format, int width,

int height) {

}

/**

* surface创建

*/

@Override

public void surfaceCreated(SurfaceHolder holder) {

try {

for (int i = 0; i < Camera.getNumberOfCameras(); i++) {

CameraInfo info = new CameraInfo();

Camera.getCameraInfo(i, info);

// 调用系统的前置摄像头

if (info.facing == CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {

camera = Camera.open(i);

}

}

Camera.Parameters parameters = camera.getParameters();

/* 每秒从摄像头捕获5帧画面， */

parameters.setPreviewFrameRate(5);

/* 设置照片的输出格式:jpg */

parameters.setPictureFormat(PixelFormat.JPEG);

/* 照片质量 */

parameters.set("jpeg-quality", 85);

WindowManager wm = (WindowManager) getSystemService(Context.WINDOW_SERVICE);

camera.setParameters(parameters);

camera.setPreviewDisplay(surfaceView.getHolder());// 通过SurfaceView显示取景画面

camera.startPreview();

preview = true;

} catch (Exception e) {

}

}

/**

* surface销毁

*/

@Override

public void surfaceDestroyed(SurfaceHolder holder) {

if (camera != null) {

if (preview)

camera.stopPreview();

camera.release();

camera = null;

}

}

}

/**

* 拍摄照片

*/

private void takePhoto() {

// 执行拍照效果

camera.takePicture(null, null, new Camera.PictureCallback() {

@Override

public void onPictureTaken(byte[] data, Camera camera) {

try {

Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0,

data.length);

timeString = formatDate();

//保存到data/data目录自定义文件夹下

filename = "/data/data/com.example.pujiejiaapp/images/"

+ timeString + ".jpg";

File file = new File(filename);

boolean createNewFile = file.createNewFile()

System.out.println("创建文件夹成功没有" + createNewFile);

System.out.println(file);

FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);

bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 60, outStream);

outStream.flush();

outStream.close();

// 重新浏览

camera.stopPreview();

camera.startPreview();

preview = true;

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

} finally {

}

}

});

}

@Override

public void run() {

while (!stopThread) {

try {

//按秒数倒计时

Thread.sleep(1000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

cameratime--;

mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(222);

if (cameratime <= 0) {

break;

}

}

}

// 初始化数据

private void findView() {

surfaceView = (SurfaceView) this.findViewById(R.id.surfaceView);

tv_time = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_time);

}

// 格式化系统的时间

public String formatDate() {

date = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis());

// 日期格式

dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("'IMG'_yyyyMMddHHmmss");

return dateFormat.format(date);

}

@Override

protected void onDestroy() {

// TODO Auto-generated method stub

// 线程已关闭

super.onDestroy();

stopThread = true;

}

}

核心代码详解：

1.创建SurfaceView时，surfaceCreated()方法中

for (int i = 0; i < Camera.getNumberOfCameras(); i++) {

CameraInfo info = new CameraInfo();

Camera.getCameraInfo(i, info);

// 调用系统的前置摄像头

if (info.facing == CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT) {

camera = Camera.open(i);

}

}

此部分代码为打开相机时默认打开前置摄像头CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_BACK为默认打开后置摄像头，CameraInfo.CAMERA_FACING_FRONT前置摄像头

2.照片拍摄takePhoto()方法中：

Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0,

data.length);

timeString = formatDate();

filename = "/data/data/com.example.pujiejiaapp/images/"

+ timeString + ".jpg";

photo = timeString + ".jpg";

File file = new File(filename);

boolean createNewFile = file.createNewFile();

FileOutputStream outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);

bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 60, outStream);

此部分代码为将拍摄到的图片保存为以bitmap格式保存在指定的目录下

3.开子线程用于倒计时拍摄

public void run() {

while (!stopThread) {

try {

Thread.sleep(1000);

} catch (InterruptedException e) {

// TODO Auto-generated catch block

e.printStackTrace();

}

cameratime--;

mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(222);

if (cameratime <= 0) {

break;

}

}

}

希望大家理解核心代码的详细注释，欢迎提供意见，希望能给大家带来帮助，谢谢！