数据库应用－SQL语句导入导出大全

发布时间:2006-06-03 09:59:43来源:红联作者:yo

/******* 导出到excel

EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp SettleDB.dbo.shanghu out c:\temp1.xls -c -q -S"GNETDATA/GNETDATA" -U"sa" -P""'

/*********** 导入Excel

SELECT *

FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',

'Data Source="c:\test.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions

/*动态文件名

declare @fn varchar(20),@s varchar(1000)

set @fn = 'c:\test.xls'

set @s ='''Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0'',

''Data Source="'+@fn+'";UserID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0'''

set @s = 'SELECT * FROM OpenDataSource ('+@s+')...sheet1$'exec(@s)

*/

SELECT cast(cast(科目编号 as numeric(10,2)) as nvarchar(255))+'　' 转换后的别名

FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',

'Data Source="c:\test.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions

/********************** EXCEL导到远程SQL

insert OPENDATASOURCE(

'SQLOLEDB',

'Data Source=远程ip;User ID=sa;Password=密码'

).库名.dbo.表名 (列名1,列名2)

SELECT 列名1,列名2

FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',

'Data Source="c:\test.xls";User ID=Admin;Password=;Extended properties=Excel 5.0')...xactions

/** 导入文本文件

EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp dbname..tablename in c:\DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword'

/** 导出文本文件

EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp dbname..tablename out c:\DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword'

或

EXEC master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "Select * from dbname..tablename" queryout c:\DT.txt -c -Sservername -Usa -Ppassword'

导出到TXT文本，用逗号分开

exec master..xp_cmdshell 'bcp "库名..表名" out "d:\tt.txt" -c -t ,-U sa -P password'

BULK INSERT 库名..表名

FROM 'c:\test.txt'

WITH (

FIELDTERMINATOR = ';',

ROWTERMINATOR = '\n'

)

--/* dBase IV文件

select * from

OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'

,'dBase IV;HDR=NO;IMEX=2;DATABASE=C:\','select * from [客户资料4.dbf]')

--*/

--/* dBase III文件

select * from

OPENROWSET('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'

,'dBase III;HDR=NO;IMEX=2;DATABASE=C:\','select * from [客户资料3.dbf]')

--*/

--/* FoxPro 数据库

select * from openrowset('MSDASQL',

'Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:\',

'select * from [aa.DBF]')

--*/

/**************导入DBF文件****************/

select * from openrowset('MSDASQL',

'Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;

SourceDB=e:\VFP98\data;

SourceType=DBF',

'select * from customer where country != "USA" order by country')

go

/***************** 导出到DBF ***************/

如果要导出数据到已经生成结构(即现存的)FOXPRO表中,可以直接用下面的SQL语句

insert into openrowset('MSDASQL',

'Driver=Microsoft Visual FoxPro Driver;SourceType=DBF;SourceDB=c:\',

'select * from [aa.DBF]')

select * from 表

说明:

SourceDB=c:\ 指定foxpro表所在的文件夹

aa.DBF 指定foxpro表的文件名.

/*************导出到Access********************/

insert into openrowset('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',

'x:\A.mdb';'admin';'',A表) select * from 数据库名..B表

/*************导入Access********************/

insert into B表 selet * from openrowset('Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',

'x:\A.mdb';'admin';'',A表)

文件名为参数

declare @fname varchar(20)

set @fname = 'd:\test.mdb'

exec('SELECT a.* FROM opendatasource(''Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0'',

'''+@fname+''';''admin'';'''', topics) as a ')

SELECT *

FROM OpenDataSource( 'Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0',

'Data Source="f:\northwind.mdb";Jet OLEDB:Database Password=123;User ID=Admin;Password=;')...产品

********************* 导入 xml　文件

DECLARE @idoc int

DECLARE @doc varchar(1000)

--sample XML document

SET @doc ='

< root >

< Customer cid= "C1" name="Janine" city="Issaquah" >

< Order oid="O1" date="1/20/1996" amount="3.5" />

< Order oid="O2" date="4/30/1997" amount="13.4" > Customer was very satisfied

< Customer cid="C2" name="Ursula" city="Oelde" >

< Order oid="O3" date="7/14/1999" amount="100" note="Wrap it blue

white red">

< Urgency > Important< /Urgency >

Happy Customer.

< Order oid="O4" date="1/20/1996" amount="10000"/>

'

-- Create an internal representation of the XML document.

EXEC sp_xml_preparedocument @idoc OUTPUT, @doc

-- Execute a SELECT statement using OPENXML rowset provider.

SELECT *

FROM OPENXML (@idoc, '/root/Customer/Order', 1)

WITH (oid char(5),

amount float,

comment ntext 'text()')

EXEC sp_xml_removedocument @idoc

/**************Excel导到Txt****************************************/

想用

select * into opendatasource(...) from opendatasource(...)

实现将一个Excel文件内容导入到一个文本文件

假设Excel中有两列，第一列为姓名，第二列为很行帐号(16位)

且银行帐号导出到文本文件后分两部分，前8位和后8位分开。

邹健：

如果要用你上面的语句插入的话,文本文件必须存在,而且有一行:姓名,银行账号1,银行账号2

然后就可以用下面的语句进行插入

注意文件名和目录根据你的实际情况进行修改.

insert into

opendatasource('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'

,'Text;HDR=Yes;DATABASE=C:\'

)...[aa#txt]

--,aa#txt)

--*/

select 姓名,银行账号1=left(银行账号,8),银行账号2=right(银行账号,8)

from

opendatasource('MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0'

,'Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2;DATABASE=c:\a.xls'

--,Sheet1$)

)...[Sheet1$]

如果你想直接插入并生成文本文件,就要用bcp

declare @sql varchar(8000),@tbname varchar(50)

--首先将excel表内容导入到一个全局临时表

select @tbname='[##temp'+cast(newid() as varchar(40))+']'

,@sql='select 姓名,银行账号1=left(银行账号,8),银行账号2=right(银行账号,8)

into '+@tbname+' from

opendatasource(''MICROSOFT.JET.OLEDB.4.0''

,''Excel 5.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2;DATABASE=c:\a.xls''

)...[Sheet1$]'

exec(@sql)

--然后用bcp从全局临时表导出到文本文件

set @sql='bcp '+@tbname+' out "c:\aa.txt" /S"(local)" /P"" /c'

exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql

--删除临时表

exec('drop table '+@tbname)

/********************导整个数据库*********************************************/

用bcp实现的存储过程

/*

实现数据导入/导出的存储过程

根据不同的参数,可以实现导入/导出整个数据库/单个表

调用示例:

--导出调用示例

----导出单个表

exec file2table 'zj','','','xzkh_sa..地区资料','c:\zj.txt',1

----导出整个数据库

exec file2table 'zj','','','xzkh_sa','C:\docman',1

--导入调用示例

----导入单个表

exec file2table 'zj','','','xzkh_sa..地区资料','c:\zj.txt',0

----导入整个数据库

exec file2table 'zj','','','xzkh_sa','C:\docman',0

*/

if exists(select 1 from sysobjects where name='File2Table' and objectproperty(id,'IsProcedure')=1)

drop procedure File2Table

go

create procedure File2Table

@servername varchar(200) --服务器名

,@username varchar(200) --用户名,如果用NT验证方式,则为空''

,@password varchar(200) --密码

,@tbname varchar(500) --数据库.dbo.表名,如果不指定:.dbo.表名,则导出数据库的所有用户表

,@filename varchar(1000) --导入/导出路径/文件名,如果@tbname参数指明是导出整个数据库,则这个参数是文件存放路径,文件名自动用表名.txt

,@isout bit --1为导出,0为导入

as

declare @sql varchar(8000)

if @tbname like '%.%.%' --如果指定了表名,则直接导出单个表

begin

set @sql='bcp '+@tbname

+case when @isout=1 then ' out ' else ' in ' end

+' '+@filename+' /w'

+' /S '+@servername

+case when isnull(@username,'')='' then '' else ' /U '+@username end

+' /P '+isnull(@password,'')

exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql

end

else

begin --导出整个数据库,定义游标,取出所有的用户表

declare @m_tbname varchar(250)

if right(@filename,1)<>'\' set @filename=@filename+'\'

set @m_tbname='declare #tb cursor for select name from '+@tbname+'..sysobjects where xtype=''U'''

exec(@m_tbname)

open #tb

fetch next from #tb into @m_tbname

while @@fetch_status=0

begin

set @sql='bcp '+@tbname+'..'+@m_tbname

+case when @isout=1 then ' out ' else ' in ' end

+' "'+@filename+@m_tbname+'.txt " /w'

+' /S '+@servername

+case when isnull(@username,'')='' then '' else ' /U '+@username end

+' /P '+isnull(@password,'')

exec master..xp_cmdshell @sql

fetch next from #tb into @m_tbname

end

close #tb

deallocate #tb

end

go

/************* Oracle **************/

EXEC sp_addlinkedserver 'OracleSvr',

'Oracle 7.3',

'MSDAORA',

'ORCLDB'

GO

delete from openquery(mailser,'select * from yulin')

select * from openquery(mailser,'select * from yulin')

update openquery(mailser,'select * from yulin where id=15')set disorder=555,catago=888

insert into openquery(mailser,'select disorder,catago from yulin')values(333,777)

补充：

对于用bcp导出,是没有字段名的.

用openrowset导出,需要事先建好表.

用openrowset导入,除ACCESS及EXCEL外,均不支持非本机数据导入