【优化布局】基于matlab遗传算法求解配电变电站布局优化问题【含Matlab源码 1317期】

一、遗传算法简介

1 引言

2 遗传算法理论
2.1 遗传算法的生物学基础

2.2 遗传算法的理论基础

2.3 遗传算法的基本概念

2.4 标准的遗传算法

2.5 遗传算法的特点

2.6 遗传算法的改进方向

3 遗传算法流程

4 关键参数说明

二、部分源代码

% this program is designed for optimal substation placement
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
function SP_main()clear;clc;
pack;
tic;
display('______________________________________ RESULTS STARTED _____________________________________');global T L FinalTransPow FinalLoad FinalTransCap TransTypes AuxTransCap AuxTransPow K2 K3 MaxT
global SelCaseRow FinalTrans_x FinalTrans_y FinalLoad_x FinalLoad_x FinalLoad_y BrTransIndex
global AuxFinalTrans_x AuxFinalTrans_y AuxFinalLoad_x AuxFinalLoad_x AuxFinalLoad_y AuxFinalLoad
global FinalTLDistances VarCheckPrg
global finaltranspow finaltranscap
global PowerFactor UtilizationFactor TransformersTypes KWTransformersTypes
global InstallCosts OpenCircuitLosses ShortCircuitLosses
global CurrentTr_x CurrentTr_y
K2 = 0.0035e-3;
K3 = 0.64;
% determination of load centers & the vector of load values
DATA = xlsread('DATA.xls','Loads');
CANDIDATES = xlsread('DATA.xls','Candidates');
CURRENT_TRANSFORMERS = xlsread('DATA.xls','Current_Transformers');
DESIGN_CONSTANTS = xlsread('DATA.xls','Design_Constants');
TRANSFORMERS_TYPES = xlsread('DATA.xls','Transformers_Types');
ExcelLoad_x = DATA(:,1);
ExcelLoad_y = DATA(:,2);
ExcelLoads = DATA(:,3);
ExcelCandidates_x = CANDIDATES(:,1);
ExcelCandidates_y = CANDIDATES(:,2);
PowerFactor = DESIGN_CONSTANTS(1,1);
UtilizationFactor = DESIGN_CONSTANTS(1,2)/100;
TransformersTypes(1,:) = sort(TRANSFORMERS_TYPES(:,1));
KWTransformersTypes = ceil(UtilizationFactor*PowerFactor*TransformersTypes);
InstallCosts(1,:) = sort(TRANSFORMERS_TYPES(:,2));
OpenCircuitLosses(1,:) = sort(TRANSFORMERS_TYPES(:,3));
ShortCircuitLosses(1,:) = sort(TRANSFORMERS_TYPES(:,4));
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
Loads(1,:) = ExcelLoads(:,1);
Load_x(1,:) = ExcelLoad_x(:,1);
Load_y(1,:) = ExcelLoad_y(:,1);
Candidates_x(1,:) = ExcelCandidates_x(:,1);
Candidates_y(1,:) = ExcelCandidates_y(:,1);
if length(CURRENT_TRANSFORMERS) ~= 0CurrentTr_x = CURRENT_TRANSFORMERS(:,1)';CurrentTr_y = CURRENT_TRANSFORMERS(:,2)';CurrentTrCap = CURRENT_TRANSFORMERS(:,3)';CurrentTrPow = ceil(UtilizationFactor*PowerFactor*CurrentTrCap);
elseCurrentTr_x = [];CurrentTr_y = [];CurrentTrCap = [];CurrentTrPow = [];
end;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% initialize transformer locations and powers
% one transformer in every load center. initially we assume the first
% transformer for all candidate points.
TransTypes = length(TransformersTypes);
LoadCenters = length(ExcelLoads);
CurrentTrNo = length(CurrentTr_x);
CandidateNo = length(ExcelCandidates_x);
for count1=1:CurrentTrNo,if CurrentTrPow(1,count1) >= ceil((400*UtilizationFactor*PowerFactor))LimitedCurrentTrPow(1,count1) = KWTransformersTypes(1,6);elseLimitedCurrentTrPow(1,count1) = KWTransformersTypes(1,1);end;
end;
Trans_x = [CurrentTr_x Candidates_x];
Trans_y = [CurrentTr_y Candidates_y];
TransCap = [LimitedCurrentTrPow (KWTransformersTypes(1,1) + zeros(1,length(ExcelCandidates_x)))];
CandidateCenters = length(TransCap); % current + candidate transformers
TransPow = zeros(1,CandidateCenters);
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% calculation of the distances between transformers
% this is a matrice with dimensions: (LoadCenters)*(CandidateCenters)
Distances = zeros(LoadCenters,CandidateCenters);
for count1=1:LoadCenters,for count2=1:CandidateCenters,Distances(count1,count2) = sqrt((Load_x(1,count1)-Trans_x(1,count2))^2 + (Load_y(1,count1)-Trans_y(1,count2))^2);end;
end;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
CanDistances = zeros(CandidateCenters);
for count1=1:CandidateCenters,for count2=1:count1,CanDistances(count1,count2) = sqrt((Trans_x(1,count1)-Trans_x(1,count2))^2 + (Trans_y(1,count1)-Trans_y(1,count2))^2);CanDistances(count2,count1) = CanDistances(count1,count2);end;
end;
% the distances are pairly compared with 100, if they are smaller than 100
% the transformer with smaller value of load is detached.
for count1=1:CandidateCenters,for count2=1:CandidateCenters,if (CanDistances(count1,count2) <= 100) & (count1 ~= count2) & (count1 > CurrentTrNo)TransCap(1,count1) = 0;TransPow(1,count1) = 0;end;end;
end;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% this function step-up the transformers size until it can feed the total
% loads connected to it.
% for count1=1:TransTypes,
%     for count2=1:LoadCenters,
%         if (TransCap(1,count2) < Loads(1,count2)) && (TransCap(1,count2) ~= 0)
%             TransCap(1,count2) = SP_stepup(TransCap(1,count2));
%         end;
%     end;
% end;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% in this subsection, the coordinations of the final possible transformers
% are saved in FinalTrans_x & FinalTrans_y and their values in
% FinalTransCap. similarly, the coordinations of the loadcenters to be
% attached to transformers are saved in FinalLoad_x & FinalLoad_y and their
% values in FinalLoad.
T = 1; L = LoadCenters;
for count1 = 1:CandidateCenters,if (TransCap(1,count1) ~= 0)FinalTransCap(1,T) = TransCap(1,count1);FinalTransPow(1,T) = 0;FinalTrans_x(1,T) = Trans_x(1,count1);FinalTrans_y(1,T) = Trans_y(1,count1);T = T+1;end;
end;
MaxT = T-1;
% MinL = L-1;
% if ((MaxT > 23) & (VarCheckPrg == 1))
%     warndlg('MATLAB unable to solve! Try smaller number of loads',' DSP Warning');
%     display('MATLAB unable to solve! Try smaller number of loads');
%     return;
% end;
AuxTransCap = FinalTransCap;
AuxTransPow = FinalTransPow;
AuxFinalTrans_x = FinalTrans_x;
AuxFinalTrans_y = FinalTrans_y;
AuxFinalLoad_x = Load_x;
AuxFinalLoad_y = Load_y;
AuxFinalLoad = Loads;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% calculation of Distances beetween transformers and loads in a (MinL*MaxT) matrice.
for count1=1:LoadCenters,for count2=1:MaxT,TLDistances(count1,count2) = sqrt((AuxFinalLoad_x(1,count1)-AuxFinalTrans_x(1,count2))^2 + (AuxFinalLoad_y(1,count1)-AuxFinalTrans_y(1,count2))^2);end;
end;
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
% HERE, THE OPERATION OF GENETIC ALGORITHM IS STARTED.
TotalLevels = 0;
LowLim = CurrentTrNo;
MaxLim = LowLim + (MaxT-CurrentTrNo);
for count5=LowLim:MaxLim,TotalLevels = TotalLevels + ceil(nchoosek(MaxT,count5));
end;
ScalingFactor = ceil(TotalLevels/20);
TotalLevels = ceil(TotalLevels/ScalingFactor);
Index = 0;
TMat = [(CurrentTrNo+1):MaxT];
% if ((TotalLevels < 20) & (VarCheckPrg == 1))
%     warndlg('Try smaller Scaling Factor!',' DSP Warning');
%     display('Try smaller Scaling Factor!');
%     return;
% end;
% if ((TotalLevels > 300) & (VarCheckPrg == 1))
%     warndlg('Try bigger Scaling Factor!',' DSP Warning');
%     display('Try bigger Scaling Factor!');
%     return;
% end;
% if ((VarCheckPrg == 1) & ((TotalLevels <= 300) & (TotalLevels >= 20)))
%     warndlg('No problem in running program. Push "Run DSP"',' DSP Warning');
%     LEVELS = TotalLevels;
%     LEVELS
%     display('No problem in running program. Push "Run DSP"');
%     return;
% end;
close all;
pack;
cfinaltranscap = cell(TotalLevels,1);
cfinaltranspow = cell(TotalLevels,1);
cfinaltrans_x = cell(TotalLevels,1);
cfinaltrans_y = cell(TotalLevels,1);
cfinalload = cell(TotalLevels,1);
cfinalload_x = cell(TotalLevels,1);
cfinalload_y = cell(TotalLevels,1);
pack;
h = waitbar(0,'Please wait...');
for count1=0:(MaxLim-LowLim),   % MAIN for. NOTE: "count1" stands for the number of new trans.T = LowLim + count1;        % "LowLim" stands for the number of current transformers.numberOfVariables = LoadCenters;L = numberOfVariables;SelCaseMat = nchoosek(TMat,count1);SIZE = size(SelCaseMat);RowNumber = SIZE(1,1);for count2=1:ScalingFactor:RowNumber,Index = Index + 1;Level = Index;SelCaseRow = [[1:CurrentTrNo] SelCaseMat(count2,:)];  % SelCaseRow should be sent to SP_create.m. It is a selection of transformers%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% modifying FinalTrans_x,y & FinalLoad_x,y & FinalLoad &% FinalTransPow & FinalTransCapfinaltranscap = zeros(1,MaxT) -1;finaltranspow = zeros(1,MaxT) -1;finaltrans_x = zeros(1,MaxT) -1;finaltrans_y = zeros(1,MaxT) -1;for count3=1:T,finaltranscap(1,SelCaseRow(1,count3)) = AuxTransCap(1,SelCaseRow(1,count3));finaltranspow(1,SelCaseRow(1,count3)) = AuxTransPow(1,SelCaseRow(1,count3));finaltrans_x(1,SelCaseRow(1,count3)) = AuxFinalTrans_x(1,SelCaseRow(1,count3));finaltrans_y(1,SelCaseRow(1,count3)) = AuxFinalTrans_y(1,SelCaseRow(1,count3));end;FinalTransCap = finaltranscap;FinalTransPow = finaltranspow;FinalTrans_x = finaltrans_x;FinalTrans_y = finaltrans_y;cfinaltranscap{Index} = finaltranscap;cfinaltranspow{Index} = finaltranspow;cfinaltrans_x{Index} = finaltrans_x;cfinaltrans_y{Index} = finaltrans_y;finalload = Loads;finalload_x = Load_x;finalload_y = Load_y;
%         Li = 0;
%         for count3=1:LoadCenters,
%             if (size(find(FinalTrans_x==Load_x(1,count3)))==[1 0] | size(find(FinalTrans_y==Load_y(1,count3)))==[1 0])
%                 Li = Li + 1;
%                 finalload(1,Li) = Loads(1,count3);
%                 finalload_x(1,Li) = Load_x(1,count3);
%                 finalload_y(1,Li) = Load_y(1,count3);
%             end;
%         end;

三、运行结果

四、matlab版本及参考文献

1 matlab版本
2014a

2 参考文献
[1] 包子阳,余继周,杨杉.智能优化算法及其MATLAB实例（第2版）[M].电子工业出版社，2016.
[2]张岩,吴水根.MATLAB优化算法源代码[M].清华大学出版社，2017.

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