奔腾处理器

With the variety in names and so-called types of Pentium processors over the years, it can be a little bit confusing knowing the differences between them all. With that in mind, today’s SuperUser Q&A post has some answers to a curious reader’s question about numbered and non-numbered Pentium processors.

多年来，由于奔腾处理器的名称和所谓的类型各不相同，因此了解它们之间的差异可能会有些混乱。 考虑到这一点，今天的SuperUser Q＆A帖子回答了一些好奇的读者对编号和非编号的Pentium处理器的疑问。

Today’s Question & Answer session comes to us courtesy of SuperUser—a subdivision of Stack Exchange, a community-driven grouping of Q&A web sites.

今天的“问答”环节由SuperUser提供，它是Stack Exchange的一个分支，该社区是由社区驱动的Q＆A网站分组。

问题 (The Question)

SuperUser reader user16973 wants to know what the difference is between numbered and non-numbered Pentium processors:

SuperUser阅读器user16973想知道编号和非编号的奔腾处理器之间的区别是什么：

I noticed some older CPUs are branded as Pentium(n) (Pentium followed by a number), but there are some relatively new computers on shelves that just say Pentium without a number. Are those processors similar or do they just share the same name?

我注意到一些较旧的CPU被标记为Pentium(n)(奔腾后跟数字)，但是货架上有一些相对较新的计算机，只是说奔腾没有数字。 这些处理器是否相似或它们只是共用相同的名称？

What is the difference between the two types of Pentium processors?

两种奔腾处理器之间有什么区别？

答案 (The Answer)

SuperUser contributor Rich Homolka has the answer for us:

超级用户贡献者Rich Homolka为我们提供了答案：

Short Answer: Yes, there is a difference. They are all part of the x86 line-up though, and post i486, they were a marketing name for Intel chips.

简短的回答：是的，有区别。 它们都是x86系列的一部分，而在i486之后，它们是Intel芯片的市场名称。

In the early days of computing, IBM wanted multiple sources for their chips and Intel allowed AMD to make a limited number of 386 chips. When the 486 came out, clones were big enough that Intel did not need worry about IBM as much, but they also did not want to share the pie with AMD. They started calling their chips i486 and tried to get a trademark for i486. The courts laughed at them (going to trademark a letter?). So Intel tried to come up with a marketing name.

在计算的早期，IBM希望使用多个芯片来源，而英特尔则允许AMD生产数量有限的386芯片。 当486问世时，克隆机已经足够大了，以至于英特尔不需要太多担心IBM，但他们也不想与AMD共享市场份额。 他们开始称其芯片为i486，并试图获得i486的商标。 法院嘲笑他们(去商标写一封信？)。 因此，英特尔试图提出一个市场名称。

The trade-markable name Pentium was born from that change in marketing tactics (the root, Penta, meaning 5). This was their 586. There were other 586s, including Cyrix’s 5×86, which had (in some ways) a more advanced micro-architecture (the 5×86 broke down x86 instructions to RISC like micro-ops in much the same way chips do now).

商标商标Pentium源自营销策略的变化(商标Penta的意思是5)。 这是他们的586。还有其他586，包括Cyrix的5×86，它具有(在某些方面)更高级的微体系结构(5×86将x86指令分解为RISC像微操作一样，就像芯片一样)现在做)。

That was the 586, so what name could they use for the next generation? Call the new 686 Sextium? Obviously bad. Perhaps Hexium? Not going to go there with Hex in the name.

那就是586，那么他们可以为下一代使用什么名字？ 呼叫新的686 Sextium？ 显然不好。 也许Hexium？ 不会以Hex的名义去那里。

So they went with the name Pentium Pro. Their first 686 was an extension of the marketing name for the 5th generation 586s. The next one after that? Well, Pentium II, then Pentium III. These are all 686 architectures.

因此，他们以Pentium Pro为名。 他们的第一个686是第五代586的市场名称的扩展。 之后的下一个？ 好吧，奔腾II，然后奔腾III。 这些都是686架构。

Then, they went to Pentium 4. Why 4? Maybe they did not like choosing between IV or IIII.

然后，他们去了奔腾4。为什么是4？ 也许他们不喜欢在IV或IIII之间进行选择。

This was a new generation, essentially their 786. They went all-in on the MHz race and made a new clock friendly architecture called Netburst. Very very deep pipelines, but it did not perform well. If those pipelines stalled (and not if, but when they stalled), you spent a lot of time trying to empty, then refill them. In CPU power for watts, it did not work as well as the Pentium M, which was a Pentium III based product. Intel kind of backtracked and did not follow the Netburst line much after that, though some other Pentium 4 features were added to the other chips.

这是新一代产品，基本上就是他们的786。他们全力以赴地参加了MHz竞赛，并开发了一种名为Netburst的新型时钟友好架构。 非常非常深的管道，但是效果不佳。 如果这些管道停滞了(不是，而是当它们停滞时)，则您花费了大量时间尝试清空，然后重新填充它们。 在以瓦特为单位的CPU功率上，它不能像基于Pentium III的产品Pentium M一样出色。 尽管其他一些奔腾4功能已添加到其他芯片中，但英特尔还是回溯了，并没有遵循Netburst产品线。

Soon after, they started a new line of marketing names, like Centrino, Core, Core Duo, etc.

不久之后，他们开始了新的行销名称行，例如Centrino，Core，Core Duo等。

So, the original Pentium naming scheme stretches across three distinct generations of x86:

因此，原始的Pentium命名方案跨越了x86的三个不同世代：

• 586: Pentium, Pentium MMX586：奔腾，奔腾MMX
• 686: Pentium Pro, Pentium II, Pentium III, Pentium M686：Pentium Pro，Pentium II，Pentium III，Pentium M
• 786: Pentium 4786：奔腾4

So, if you see something named Pentium, and it is in the single digit megabytes of RAM, and double digit megabytes of hard drive space, it may be an original Pentium.

因此，如果您看到一个名为Pentium的东西，并且它位于RAM的一位数兆字节和硬盘驱动器空间的两位数兆字节中，则可能是原始的Pentium。

Anything more recent than this is using Pentium as a pure marketing name. Since Pentium is trademarked, you are essentially calling it an Intel x86 computer. More recent chips are well past Pentium 4 in architecture (Pentium is only a brand now), connoting Intel Inside and giving no more info than that. The current uses of Pentium as a brand name seem to be on the lower end. Anything that is Core series or i3,5,7 series gets listed as that, anything left over may get Pentium.

不久以前，所有使用奔腾作为纯粹的营销名称。 由于奔腾是商标，因此您实际上将其称为Intel x86计算机。 奔腾4在架构上已经远远超过了奔腾4(奔腾现在只是一个品牌)，这意味着英特尔内部技术并没有提供更多信息。 奔腾目前作为品牌名称使用的程度似乎较低。 列出了Core系列或i3,5,7系列的所有内容，剩下的任何内容都可能得到Pentium。

Have something to add to the explanation? Sound off in the comments. Want to read more answers from other tech-savvy Stack Exchange users? Check out the full discussion thread here.

有什么补充说明吗？ 在评论中听起来不错。 是否想从其他精通Stack Exchange的用户那里获得更多答案？ 在此处查看完整的讨论线程 。

翻译自: https://www.howtogeek.com/192614/what-is-the-difference-between-numbered-and-non-numbered-pentium-processors/

奔腾处理器