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// 1. 创建线程: 定义一个pthread_t类型变量
pthread_t thread;
// 2. 开启线程: 执行任务
pthread_create(&thread, NULL, run, NULL);
// 3. 设置子线程的状态设置为 detached，该线程运行结束后会自动释放所有资源
pthread_detach(thread);void * run(void *param)    // 新线程调用方法，里边为需要执行的任务
{
NSLog(@"%@", [NSThread currentThread]);return NULL;
}

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// 1. 创建线程
NSThread *thread = [[NSThread alloc] initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(run) object:nil];
// 2. 启动线程
[thread start];    // 线程一启动，就会在线程thread中执行self的run方法// 新线程调用方法，里边为需要执行的任务
- (void)run {
NSLog(@"%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
}

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// 1. 创建线程后自动启动线程
[NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(run) toTarget:self withObject:nil];// 新线程调用方法，里边为需要执行的任务
- (void)run {
NSLog(@"%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
}

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// 1. 隐式创建并启动线程
[self performSelectorInBackground:@selector(run) withObject:nil];// 新线程调用方法，里边为需要执行的任务
- (void)run {
NSLog(@"%@", [NSThread currentThread]);
}

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// 获得主线程
+ (NSThread *)mainThread;// 判断是否为主线程(对象方法)
- (BOOL)isMainThread;// 判断是否为主线程(类方法)
+ (BOOL)isMainThread;// 获得当前线程
NSThread *current = [NSThread currentThread];// 线程的名字——setter方法
- (void)setName:(NSString *)n;// 线程的名字——getter方法
- (NSString *)name;

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- (void)start;
// 线程进入就绪状态 -> 运行状态。当线程任务执行完毕，自动进入死亡状态

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+ (void)sleepUntilDate:(NSDate *)date;
+ (void)sleepForTimeInterval:(NSTimeInterval)ti;
// 线程进入阻塞状态

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+ (void)exit;
// 线程进入死亡状态

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// 在主线程上执行操作
- (void)performSelectorOnMainThread:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)arg waitUntilDone:(BOOL)wait;
- (void)performSelectorOnMainThread:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)arg waitUntilDone:(BOOL)wait modes:(NSArray<NSString *> *)array;
// equivalent to the first method with kCFRunLoopCommonModes// 在指定线程上执行操作
- (void)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector onThread:(NSThread *)thr withObject:(id)arg waitUntilDone:(BOOL)wait modes:(NSArray *)array NS_AVAILABLE(10_5, 2_0);
- (void)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector onThread:(NSThread *)thr withObject:(id)arg waitUntilDone:(BOOL)wait NS_AVAILABLE(10_5, 2_0);// 在当前线程上执行操作，调用 NSObject 的 performSelector:相关方法
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector;
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)object;
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)object1 withObject:(id)object2;

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/**
* 创建一个线程下载图片
*/
- (void)downloadImageOnSubThread {
// 在创建的子线程中调用downloadImage下载图片
[NSThread detachNewThreadSelector:@selector(downloadImage) toTarget:self withObject:nil];
}/**
* 下载图片，下载完之后回到主线程进行 UI 刷新
*/
- (void)downloadImage {
NSLog(@"current thread -- %@", [NSThread currentThread]);// 1. 获取图片 imageUrl
NSURL *imageUrl = [NSURL URLWithString:@"https://ysc-demo-1254961422.file.myqcloud.com/YSC-phread-NSThread-demo-icon.jpg"];// 2. 从 imageUrl 中读取数据(下载图片) -- 耗时操作
NSData *imageData = [NSData dataWithContentsOfURL:imageUrl];
// 通过二进制 data 创建 image
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];// 3. 回到主线程进行图片赋值和界面刷新
[self performSelectorOnMainThread:@selector(refreshOnMainThread:) withObject:image waitUntilDone:YES];
}/**
* 回到主线程进行图片赋值和界面刷新
*/
- (void)refreshOnMainThread:(UIImage *)image {
NSLog(@"current thread -- %@", [NSThread currentThread]);// 赋值图片到imageview
self.imageView.image = image;
}

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/**
* 初始化火车票数量、卖票窗口(非线程安全)、并开始卖票
*/
- (void)initTicketStatusNotSave {
// 1. 设置剩余火车票为 50
self.ticketSurplusCount = 50;// 2. 设置北京火车票售卖窗口的线程
self.ticketSaleWindow1 = [[NSThread alloc]initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(saleTicketNotSafe) object:nil];
self.ticketSaleWindow1.name = @"北京火车票售票窗口";// 3. 设置上海火车票售卖窗口的线程
self.ticketSaleWindow2 = [[NSThread alloc]initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(saleTicketNotSafe) object:nil];
self.ticketSaleWindow2.name = @"上海火车票售票窗口";// 4. 开始售卖火车票
[self.ticketSaleWindow1 start];
[self.ticketSaleWindow2 start];}/**
* 售卖火车票(非线程安全)
*/
- (void)saleTicketNotSafe {
while (1) {
//如果还有票，继续售卖
if (self.ticketSurplusCount > 0) {
self.ticketSurplusCount --;
NSLog(@"%@", [NSString stringWithFormat:@"剩余票数：%ld 窗口：%@", self.ticketSurplusCount, [NSThread currentThread].name]);
[NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.2];
}
//如果已卖完，关闭售票窗口
else {
NSLog(@"所有火车票均已售完");
break;
}
}
}

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/**
* 初始化火车票数量、卖票窗口(线程安全)、并开始卖票
*/
- (void)initTicketStatusSave {
// 1. 设置剩余火车票为 50
self.ticketSurplusCount = 50;// 2. 设置北京火车票售卖窗口的线程
self.ticketSaleWindow1 = [[NSThread alloc]initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(saleTicketSafe) object:nil];
self.ticketSaleWindow1.name = @"北京火车票售票窗口";// 3. 设置上海火车票售卖窗口的线程
self.ticketSaleWindow2 = [[NSThread alloc]initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(saleTicketSafe) object:nil];
self.ticketSaleWindow2.name = @"上海火车票售票窗口";// 4. 开始售卖火车票
[self.ticketSaleWindow1 start];
[self.ticketSaleWindow2 start];}/**
* 售卖火车票(线程安全)
*/
- (void)saleTicketSafe {
while (1) {
// 互斥锁
@synchronized (self) {
//如果还有票，继续售卖
if (self.ticketSurplusCount > 0) {
self.ticketSurplusCount --;
NSLog(@"%@", [NSString stringWithFormat:@"剩余票数：%ld 窗口：%@", self.ticketSurplusCount, [NSThread currentThread].name]);
[NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:0.2];
}
//如果已卖完，关闭售票窗口
else {
NSLog(@"所有火车票均已售完");
break;
}
}
}
}