nachos 5.0j（java版）学习笔记一:环境搭建

梗概：

jdk安装配置
proj1运行
mips交叉编译器(附完整代码记录）
proj2运行(附完整代码记录）
nachos整理(包括proj1/2，项目源码/使用说明/实验报告)

写在前面：

nachos 5.0j可以在windows和Linux系统上运行；
对于proj1，可以直接导入eclipse进行编译；
project2需要交叉编译，而对于win系统中的此类的资料比较少，所以还是投向了linux的怀抱;（修改：后来，我发现，可以在Linux系统中交叉编译，然后将coff文件拷贝到eclipse里就行。）
但是笔者的笔记本过于垃圾，不想和虚拟机作斗争了，笔者最后用的是阿里云学生轻量级服务器(无图形界面)；
下面我的环境搭建其实是针对无图形界面的Linux系统的，当然也适用于有图形界面的Linux系统；

1.java开发环境：jdk的安装配置

笔者用的是jdk-13_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
解压文件
$tar -xzvf jdk-13_linux-x64_bin.tar.gz
ps：为了保持接下来目录一致，建议将解压文件移动到/root/usr/local/java目录下

配置环境变量
$vi /etc/profile
在最后面添加几句话:

  # jdkexport JAVA_HOME=/root/usr/local/java/jdk-13export CLASSPATH=.:$JAVA_HOME/jre/bin/lib.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/dt.jar:$JAVA_HOME/lib/tools.jarexport PATH=$PATH:$JAVA_HOME/bin

保存后，更新一下
#source /etc/profile

验证安装是否成功
$ java -version
$ javac -version
以上两个指令返回相应的版本信息，即为安装成功

2.运行proj1

将nachos-java.tar.gz解压

#tar -xzvf jdk-8u211-linux-x86.tar.gz

将nachos文件移动到root/usr/wp文件夹下，为了方便配置环境变量，建议跟我的目录一致，移动完之后用pwd和ls命令检验一下

# pwd
/root/usr/wp/nachos
# ls
ag  bin  machine  Makefile  network  proj1  proj2  proj3  proj4  README  security  test  threads  userprog  vm

添加nochos/bin目录到PATH环境变量

回到根目录，用vi编辑器编辑/etc/profile

#vi /etc/profile

在/etc/profile文件尾部添加

# nachos excutation
export PATH=$PATH:/root/usr/wp/nachos/bin

保存文件，更新一下

# source /etc/profile

在nochos/proj1目录下，执行编译make、运行nachos

root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/proj1# ls
Makefile  nachos  nachos.conf
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/proj1# make
javac -classpath . -d . -sourcepath ../.. -g ../threads/ThreadedKernel.java
../../nachos/threads/KThread.java:311: warning: 'yield' may become a restricted identifier in a future releasepublic void run() { while (true) yield(); }^(to invoke a method called yield, qualify the yield with a receiver or type name)
Note: Some input files use or override a deprecated API.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
Note: ../../nachos/machine/Lib.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.
1 warning
javac -classpath . -d . -sourcepath ../.. -g ../threads/Boat.java
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/proj1# nachos
nachos 5.0j initializing... config interrupt timer user-check grader
*** thread 0 looped 0 times
*** thread 1 looped 0 times
*** thread 0 looped 1 times
*** thread 1 looped 1 times
*** thread 0 looped 2 times
*** thread 1 looped 2 times
*** thread 0 looped 3 times
*** thread 1 looped 3 times
*** thread 0 looped 4 times
*** thread 1 looped 4 times
Machine halting!Ticks: total 2130, kernel 2130, user 0
Disk I/O: reads 0, writes 0
Console I/O: reads 0, writes 0
Paging: page faults 0, TLB misses 0
Network I/O: received 0, sent 0

此后，便可以修改代码，完成proj1的相关问题了，make命令-对整个项目进行编译，nachos命令-运行项目

3.mips交叉编译器

将mips-x86.linux-xgcc.tgz解压到nachos目录下
进入nachos/test目录下，配置环境变量

# export ARCHDIR=../mips-x86.linux-xgcc
# export PATH=/root/usr/wp/nachos/mips-x86.linux-xgcc:$PATH

检验一下

# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/root/usr/local/java/jdk-13/bin:/root/usr/wp/nachos/bin

编译

#make clean
#make

完整操作记录：

root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/root/usr/local/java/jdk-13/bin:/root/usr/wp/nachos/bin
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~# cd usr/wp/nachos
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos# ls
ag  bin  machine  Makefile  mips-x86.linux-xgcc  mips-x86.linux-xgcc.tgz  network  proj1  proj2  proj3  proj4  README  security  test  threads  userprog  vm
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos# cd test
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/test# echo $PATH
/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/root/usr/local/java/jdk-13/bin:/root/usr/wp/nachos/bin
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/test# export ARCHDIR=../mips-x86.linux-xgcc
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/test# export PATH=/root/usr/wp/nachos/mips-x86.linux-xgcc:$PATH
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/test# echo $PATH
/root/usr/wp/nachos/mips-x86.linux-xgcc:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/games:/usr/local/games:/root/usr/local/java/jdk-13/bin:/root/usr/wp/nachos/bin
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/test# make clean
rm -f strt.s *.o *.coff libnachos.a
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/test# make
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c assert.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a assert.o
a - assert.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c atoi.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a atoi.o
a - atoi.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c printf.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a printf.o
a - printf.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c readline.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a readline.o
a - readline.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c stdio.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a stdio.o
a - stdio.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c strncmp.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a strncmp.o
a - strncmp.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c strcat.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a strcat.o
a - strcat.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c strcmp.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a strcmp.o
a - strcmp.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c strcpy.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a strcpy.o
a - strcpy.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c strlen.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a strlen.o
a - strlen.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c memcpy.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a memcpy.o
a - memcpy.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c memset.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ar rv libnachos.a memset.o
a - memset.o
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-cpp  start.s > strt.s
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-as -mips1 -o start.o strt.s
rm strt.s
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ranlib libnachos.a
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c halt.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o halt.coff halt.o start.o -lnachos
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c sh.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o sh.coff sh.o start.o -lnachos
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c matmult.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o matmult.coff matmult.o start.o -lnachos
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c sort.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o sort.coff sort.o start.o -lnachos
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c echo.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o echo.coff echo.o start.o -lnachos
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c cat.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o cat.coff cat.o start.o -lnachos
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c cp.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o cp.coff cp.o start.o -lnachos
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c mv.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o mv.coff mv.o start.o -lnachos
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-gcc -O2 -B../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips- -G 0 -Wa,-mips1 -nostdlib -ffreestanding -c rm.c
../mips-x86.linux-xgcc/mips-ld -s -T script -N -warn-common -warn-constructors -warn-multiple-gp -o rm.coff rm.o start.o -lnachos

4.运行proj2

进入proj2
编译

#make

将test中的halt.coff复制到proj2

# cp ../test/halt.coff ../proj2

运行

# nachos -x halt.coff

完整记录如下：

root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/test# cd ../proj2
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/proj2# make
javac -classpath . -d . -sourcepath ../.. -g ../userprog/UserKernel.java
../../nachos/threads/KThread.java:311: warning: 'yield' may become a restricted identifier in a future releasepublic void run() { while (true) yield(); }^(to invoke a method called yield, qualify the yield with a receiver or type name)
Note: Some input files use or override a deprecated API.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:deprecation for details.
Note: ../../nachos/machine/Lib.java uses unchecked or unsafe operations.
Note: Recompile with -Xlint:unchecked for details.
1 warning
javac -classpath . -d . -sourcepath ../.. -g ../threads/Boat.java
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/proj2# cp ../test/halt.coff ../proj2
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/proj2# ls
halt.coff  Makefile  nachos  nachos.conf
root@iZ2ze1vavqma9q8lhrqq6wZ:~/usr/wp/nachos/proj2# nachos -x halt.coff
nachos 5.0j initializing... config interrupt timer processor console user-check grader
*** thread 0 looped 0 times
*** thread 1 looped 0 times
*** thread 0 looped 1 times
*** thread 1 looped 1 times
*** thread 0 looped 2 times
*** thread 1 looped 2 times
*** thread 0 looped 3 times
*** thread 1 looped 3 times
*** thread 0 looped 4 times
*** thread 1 looped 4 times
Testing the console device. Typed characters
will be echoed until q is typed.

接下来就可以开始着手proj2的相关问题了。