前言

  • 开始
    • 爬虫的四大步骤
    • 思路
  • 全部代码
  • 最后

过去了相当的一段时间没有更新了，先证明一下自己还活着= =,就是忙着学习linux和mysql没时间发博客，现在有时间就来发一个爬虫进阶吧，爬取某Q音乐的音乐吧！！

开始

在开始的时候先声明一下某Q音乐的vip是不要想的了，因为某Q音乐的vip是要下客户端才能听,不说了某讯真会玩…

爬虫的四大步骤

1.目标url
2.发送请求
3.解析数据
4.清洗数据
5.保存数据

这几步基本每次都有强调因为觉得真的很重要，基本爬虫都是跟着这几步走的

当你了解这些之后我们就可以开始操作了！

思路

首先我们先打开我们想要爬取的主页，先分析一下 点我进去之后我们先随便找个歌手来点开一个音乐进行抓包

抓到了包之后我们来观察一下需要带什么参数

经过观察发现参数都是固定的,除了vkey发生了改变,最后通过查找抓包发现了vkey，说明了它不是一个加密参数

不仅找到了vkey也直接获得了m4a的链接，通过观察发现songmid应该和后面获取有联系…

接着我们继续查看此链接需要带的参数有啥

通过了观察发现2个参数是不一样的，就是data和sign这2个参数，接着使用search查找sign=的字段发现了端倪,发现里面有个带sign的值，显示了一个链接点我查看


发现是一堆js数据,最后解析使用解析工具解析，发现需要一个data的值来获得sign,那么这不是表明了这个参数的data传进去即可得到我想要的参数吗,于是开始动手测试看看

这里没下载PyExecJS的可以直接pip install PyExecJS进行下载

import execjsdef get_sign(data):with open('get_sign.js', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:text = f.read()js_data = execjs.compile(text)sign = js_data.call('get_sign', data)return signif __name__ == "__main__":#{"req":{"module":"CDN.SrfCdnDispatchServer","method":"GetCdnDispatch","param":{"guid":"1399367235","calltype":0,"userip":""}},"req_0":{"module":"vkey.GetVkeyServer","method":"CgiGetVkey","param":{"guid":"1399367235","songmid":["001QJyJ32zybEe"],"songtype":[0],"uin":"3320795610","loginflag":1,"platform":"20"}},"comm":{"uin":3320795610,"format":"json","ct":24,"cv":0}}data = '{"req":{"module":"CDN.SrfCdnDispatchServer","method":"GetCdnDispatch","param":{"guid":"1399367235","calltype":0,"userip":""}},"req_0":{"module":"vkey.GetVkeyServer","method":"CgiGetVkey","param":{"guid":"1399367235","songmid":["0013WPvt4fQH2b"],"songtype":[0],"uin":"3320795610","loginflag":1,"platform":"20"}},"comm":{"uin":3320795610,"format":"json","ct":24,"cv":0}}'sign = get_sign(data)print(len(sign))print(sign)

结果

sign的参数明显不符合我们看到的sign,不过细心的朋友可能观察到了，有很多相同的字符比如finedundf,结尾后面的参数有点像之前我们看到的参数的后面的一小串
于是我去掉多余相同字符使用zzaundefinedundec6ae8dd63f7322c19a65bba416a90d22的参数换上sign的值结果发现
原URL和带sign访问的链接

修改后访问的链接


ok完全一致

所以我们知道了data的数据是关键让sign发现改变的唯一参数,接下来我们看看data参数有什么不一样的改变

data: {"req":{"module":"CDN.SrfCdnDispatchServer","method":"GetCdnDispatch","param":{"guid":"1399367235","calltype":0,"userip":""}},"req_0":{"module":"vkey.GetVkeyServer","method":"CgiGetVkey","param":{"guid":"1399367235","songmid":["0013WPvt4fQH2b"],"songtype":[0],"uin":"3320795610","loginflag":1,"platform":"20"}},"comm":{"uin":3320795610,"format":"json","ct":24,"cv":0}}

经过发现我们观察到了data只有一个参数"songmid"在改变，仔细想想这不就是之前在vkey上看到的参数吗…

这下真相越来越接近了…

于是继续往上去查找,于是我们点开歌手的音乐榜单进行查看点我！！

进行抓包操作

仔细观察后发现这里的mid和之前在vkey看到的songmid是一模一样的

于是我们继续查看这条链接所需参数

通过观察发现这里的data的值的singmid和其他的不一样在发生改变，其他的没变，最后仔细一看发现，这就是明星的id号

于是我们接着往下走,到初始的位置看看是否能获取明星的id号 点我！！
结果

通过抓包找到了以下全部明星的名字和id号

还是一样，查看一下带的参数是什么


通过观察发现每次下一页这个值就会发生改变比如下一页之后的sin变为80,cur变为2以此类推下去,每页80个明星,有多少页写多少,其他的没发生改变,这里就不细说了，留个小伙伴们自己来做吧！！

到这里快讲完了，大家坚持到了这里真的很不容易，楼主写博客也不容易，如果觉得讲的不错的话，不妨给个赞再走吧~


好了所有参数全部搞定

全部代码

import requests
import re
import execjs
import osclass QQmusic(object):def __init__(self):self.headers={'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_14_2) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/85.0.4183.102 Safari/537.36','Referer': 'https://y.qq.com/portal/singer_list.html',}#主函数def run(self):data='{"comm":{"ct":24,"cv":0},"singerList":{"module":"Music.SingerListServer","method":"get_singer_list","param":{"area":-100,"sex":-100,"genre":-100,"index":-100,"sin":0,"cur_page":1}}}'sign=self.get_sign(data)#注,这里的0,1是下一页的明星号如下一页是80,2,有需要可以自行修改#这里是解析明星的名字和id号url = 'https://u.y.qq.com/cgi-bin/musics.fcg?-=getUCGI20079930333012497&g_tk=1541691288&' \'sign={}&loginUin=3320795610&hostUin=0&format=json&inCharset=utf8&outCharset=utf-8&notice=0&platform=yqq.json&needNewCode=0&data=%7B%22comm%22%3A%7B%22ct%22%3A24%2C%22cv%22%3A0%7D%2C%22singerList%22%3A%7B%22module%22%3A%22Music.SingerListServer%22%2C%22method%22%3A%22get_singer_list%22%2C%22param%22%3A%7B%22area%22%3A-100%2C%22sex%22%3A-100%2C%22genre%22%3A-100%2C%22index%22%3A-100%2C%22' \'sin%22%3A{}%2C%22' \'cur_page%22%3A{}%7D%7D%7D'.format(sign, 0, 1)response=self.parse_url(url)#明星id号data_id_list,name_list=self.parse_data(response)n=0s=1for name in name_list:print("%d  %s  "%(n,name),end=' ')if n==10*s:print('\n')s=s+1n=n+1n=int(input("\n请输入明星的序列号:"))print("你选择了"+name_list[n])url_data = '{"comm":{"ct":24,"cv":0},"singerSongList":{"method":"GetSingerSongList","param":{"order":1,"singerMid":"%s","begin":0,"num":10},"module":"musichall.song_list_server"}}'%str(data_id_list[n])url_html = self.get_sign(url_data)music_html='https://u.y.qq.com/cgi-bin/musics.fcg?-=getSingerSong9337150917069357&g_tk=1541691288&sign={}&' \'loginUin=3320795610&hostUin=0&format=json&inCharset=utf8&outCharset=utf-8&notice=0&platform=yqq.json&needNewCode=0&' \'data=%7B%22comm%22%3A%7B%22ct%22%3A24%2C%22cv%22%3A0%7D%2C%22singerSongList%22%3A%7B%22method%22%3A%22GetSingerSongList%22%2C%22param%22%3A%7B%22order%22%3A1%2C%22singerMid%22%3A%22{}%22%2C%22begin%22%3A0%2C%22num%22%3A10%7D%2C%22module%22%3A%22musichall.song_list_server%22%7D%7D'.format(url_html,data_id_list[n])#歌手的歌名html_list=self.parse_url(music_html)music,title=self.music_list(html_list,name_list[n])music_data='{"req":{"module":"CDN.SrfCdnDispatchServer","method":"GetCdnDispatch","param":{"guid":"1399367235","calltype":0,"userip":""}},"req_0"' \':{"module":"vkey.GetVkeyServer","method":"CgiGetVkey","param":{"guid":"1399367235",' \'"songmid":["%s"],"songtype":[0],"uin":"3320795610","loginflag":1,"platform":"20"}},"comm":{"uin":3320795610,"format":"json","ct":24,"cv":0}}'%(str(music))#获取音乐的钥匙url_html=self.get_sign(music_data)#最后钥匙的链接啦html='https://u.y.qq.com/cgi-bin/musics.fcg?-=getplaysongvkey37572959288093255&g_tk=1541691288&sign={}&' \'loginUin=3320795610&hostUin=0&format=json&inCharset=utf8&outCharset=utf-8&notice=0&platform=yqq.json&needNewCode=0&data=%7B%22req%22%3A%7B%22module%22%3A%22CDN.SrfCdnDispatchServer' \'%22%2C%22method%22%3A%22GetCdnDispatch%22%2C%22param%22%3A%7B%22guid%22%3A%221399367235%22%2C%22calltype%22%3A0%2C%22userip%22%3A%22%22%7D%7D%2C%22req_0%22%3A%7B%22module%22%3A%22vkey.GetVkeyServer%22%2C%22method%22%3A%22CgiGetVkey%22%2C%22param%22%3A%7B%22guid%22%3A%221399367235%22%2C%22' \'songmid%22%3A%5B%22{}%22%5D%2C%22songtype%22%3A%5B0%5D%2C%22uin%22%3A%223320795610%22%2C%22loginflag%22%3A1%2C%22platform%' \'22%3A%2220%22%7D%7D%2C%22comm%22%3A%7B%22uin%22%3A3320795610%2C%22format%22%3A%22json%22%2C%22ct%22%3A24%2C%22cv%22%3A0%7D%7D'.format(url_html,music)data_key=self.parse_url(html)link=self.html_key(data_key)print(link)print("结束!! 祝你使用愉快^_^")#保存self.with_open(link,title)#js加密函数def get_sign(self,data):with open('get_sign.js', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:text = f.read()js_data = execjs.compile(text)sign_id = js_data.call('get_sign', data)#清洗数据获取真正的signsign = re.sub("finedunde", "", sign_id).replace("zzaundefined", "")sign = "zzaundefinedunde" + signreturn sign#解析url函数def parse_url(self,url):reponse=requests.get(url=url,headers=self.headers).json()return reponse#清洗数据获取想要的参数def parse_data(self,response):music_name=[]music_id=[]#明星的名字,这是第一页，如果有要求可以自己改for i in range(0,80):music_name.append(response['singerList']['data']['singerlist'][i]['singer_name'])# print(music_name)#明星的id号music_id.append(response['singerList']['data']['singerlist'][i]['singer_mid'])# print(music_id)return music_id,music_name#歌名清洗def music_list(self,html_list,name):print("------------------------------------"+name+"的歌单------------------------------------")for i in range(0,10):print(str(i)+"  "+html_list['singerSongList']['data']['songList'][i]['songInfo']['name'])#这里是第3个歌n=int(input("请选择歌单序列号:"))music=html_list['singerSongList']['data']['songList'][n]['songInfo']['mid']music_name=html_list['singerSongList']['data']['songList'][n]['songInfo']['name']return music,music_name#链接的获取def html_key(self,data_key):req=data_key['req_0']['data']['midurlinfo'][0]['purl']req="https://ws.stream.qqmusic.qq.com/"+req#  print(req)return req#保存def with_open(self,link,title):root = './download'if not os.path.exists(root):os.mkdir(root)res=requests.get(link, headers=self.headers).contentwith open(os.path.join(root, '{}.mp3'.format(title)),'wb') as f:f.write(res)print(title+' 下载成功')if __name__ == '__main__':qq_music=QQmusic()qq_music.run()

get_sign.js代码

this.window = this;
var sign = null;!
function(n, t) {"object" == typeof exports && "undefined" != typeof module ? module.exports = t() : "function" == typeof define && define.amd ? define(t) : (n = n || self).getSecuritySign = t()
} (this,
function() {"use strict";var n = function() {if ("undefined" != typeof self) return self;if ("undefined" != typeof window) return window;if ("undefined" != typeof global) return global;throw new Error("unable to locate global object")} ();n.__sign_hash_20200305 = function(n) {function l(n, t) {var o = (65535 & n) + (65535 & t);return (n >> 16) + (t >> 16) + (o >> 16) << 16 | 65535 & o}function r(n, t, o, e, u, p) {return l((i = l(l(t, n), l(e, p))) << (r = u) | i >>> 32 - r, o);var i, r}function g(n, t, o, e, u, p, i) {return r(t & o | ~t & e, n, t, u, p, i)}function a(n, t, o, e, u, p, i) {return r(t & e | o & ~e, n, t, u, p, i)}function s(n, t, o, e, u, p, i) {return r(t ^ o ^ e, n, t, u, p, i)}function v(n, t, o, e, u, p, i) {return r(o ^ (t | ~e), n, t, u, p, i)}function t(n) {return function(n) {var t, o = "";for (t = 0; t < 32 * n.length; t += 8) o += String.fromCharCode(n[t >> 5] >>> t % 32 & 255);return o} (function(n, t) {n[t >> 5] |= 128 << t % 32,n[14 + (t + 64 >>> 9 << 4)] = t;var o, e, u, p, i, r = 1732584193,f = -271733879,h = -1732584194,c = 271733878;for (o = 0; o < n.length; o += 16) r = g(e = r, u = f, p = h, i = c, n[o], 7, -680876936),c = g(c, r, f, h, n[o + 1], 12, -389564586),h = g(h, c, r, f, n[o + 2], 17, 606105819),f = g(f, h, c, r, n[o + 3], 22, -1044525330),r = g(r, f, h, c, n[o + 4], 7, -176418897),c = g(c, r, f, h, n[o + 5], 12, 1200080426),h = g(h, c, r, f, n[o + 6], 17, -1473231341),f = g(f, h, c, r, n[o + 7], 22, -45705983),r = g(r, f, h, c, n[o + 8], 7, 1770035416),c = g(c, r, f, h, n[o + 9], 12, -1958414417),h = g(h, c, r, f, n[o + 10], 17, -42063),f = g(f, h, c, r, n[o + 11], 22, -1990404162),r = g(r, f, h, c, n[o + 12], 7, 1804603682),c = g(c, r, f, h, n[o + 13], 12, -40341101),h = g(h, c, r, f, n[o + 14], 17, -1502002290),r = a(r, f = g(f, h, c, r, n[o + 15], 22, 1236535329), h, c, n[o + 1], 5, -165796510),c = a(c, r, f, h, n[o + 6], 9, -1069501632),h = a(h, c, r, f, n[o + 11], 14, 643717713),f = a(f, h, c, r, n[o], 20, -373897302),r = a(r, f, h, c, n[o + 5], 5, -701558691),c = a(c, r, f, h, n[o + 10], 9, 38016083),h = a(h, c, r, f, n[o + 15], 14, -660478335),f = a(f, h, c, r, n[o + 4], 20, -405537848),r = a(r, f, h, c, n[o + 9], 5, 568446438),c = a(c, r, f, h, n[o + 14], 9, -1019803690),h = a(h, c, r, f, n[o + 3], 14, -187363961),f = a(f, h, c, r, n[o + 8], 20, 1163531501),r = a(r, f, h, c, n[o + 13], 5, -1444681467),c = a(c, r, f, h, n[o + 2], 9, -51403784),h = a(h, c, r, f, n[o + 7], 14, 1735328473),r = s(r, f = a(f, h, c, r, n[o + 12], 20, -1926607734), h, c, n[o + 5], 4, -378558),c = s(c, r, f, h, n[o + 8], 11, -2022574463),h = s(h, c, r, f, n[o + 11], 16, 1839030562),f = s(f, h, c, r, n[o + 14], 23, -35309556),r = s(r, f, h, c, n[o + 1], 4, -1530992060),c = s(c, r, f, h, n[o + 4], 11, 1272893353),h = s(h, c, r, f, n[o + 7], 16, -155497632),f = s(f, h, c, r, n[o + 10], 23, -1094730640),r = s(r, f, h, c, n[o + 13], 4, 681279174),c = s(c, r, f, h, n[o], 11, -358537222),h = s(h, c, r, f, n[o + 3], 16, -722521979),f = s(f, h, c, r, n[o + 6], 23, 76029189),r = s(r, f, h, c, n[o + 9], 4, -640364487),c = s(c, r, f, h, n[o + 12], 11, -421815835),h = s(h, c, r, f, n[o + 15], 16, 530742520),r = v(r, f = s(f, h, c, r, n[o + 2], 23, -995338651), h, c, n[o], 6, -198630844),c = v(c, r, f, h, n[o + 7], 10, 1126891415),h = v(h, c, r, f, n[o + 14], 15, -1416354905),f = v(f, h, c, r, n[o + 5], 21, -57434055),r = v(r, f, h, c, n[o + 12], 6, 1700485571),c = v(c, r, f, h, n[o + 3], 10, -1894986606),h = v(h, c, r, f, n[o + 10], 15, -1051523),f = v(f, h, c, r, n[o + 1], 21, -2054922799),r = v(r, f, h, c, n[o + 8], 6, 1873313359),c = v(c, r, f, h, n[o + 15], 10, -30611744),h = v(h, c, r, f, n[o + 6], 15, -1560198380),f = v(f, h, c, r, n[o + 13], 21, 1309151649),r = v(r, f, h, c, n[o + 4], 6, -145523070),c = v(c, r, f, h, n[o + 11], 10, -1120210379),h = v(h, c, r, f, n[o + 2], 15, 718787259),f = v(f, h, c, r, n[o + 9], 21, -343485551),r = l(r, e),f = l(f, u),h = l(h, p),c = l(c, i);return [r, f, h, c]} (function(n) {var t, o = [];for (o[(n.length >> 2) - 1] = void 0, t = 0; t < o.length; t += 1) o[t] = 0;for (t = 0; t < 8 * n.length; t += 8) o[t >> 5] |= (255 & n.charCodeAt(t / 8)) << t % 32;return o} (n), 8 * n.length))}function o(n) {return t(unescape(encodeURIComponent(n)))}return function(n) {var t, o, e = "0123456789abcdef",u = "";for (o = 0; o < n.length; o += 1) t = n.charCodeAt(o),u += e.charAt(t >>> 4 & 15) + e.charAt(15 & t);return u} (o(n))},function r(f, h, c, l, g) {g = g || [[this], [{}]];for (var t = [], o = null, n = [function() {return ! 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});function get_sign(data){return sign(data)
};

最后

代码上有很多注释，不明白的可以查看，如想爬全部可以修改我上面说的参数，这里做示范就爬一页哦~

这里还有很多可以优化的(比如多线程爬虫,和利用框架)，大家可以自行修改，来让他更加的完善，这个就交给大家啦,可以有锻炼自己的机会= =(说白就是我太懒了)…

奉上图片

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