三言两语聊Python模块–文档测试模块doctest

doctest是属于测试模块里的一种，对注释文档里的示例进行检测。

给出一个例子：

splitter.pydef split(line, types=None, delimiter=None):"""Splits a line of test and optionally performs type conversion.For example:>>> split('GOOD 100 490.50')['GOOD', '100', '490.50']>>> split('GOOD 100 490.50', [str, int, float])['GOOD', 100, 490.50]>>>By default, splitting is perfomed on whitespace, but a different delimitercan be selected with the delimiter keyword argument:>>> split('GOOD, 100, 490.50', delimiter=',')['GOOOD', '100', '490.50']>>>"""fields = line.split(delimiter)if types:fields = [ty(val) for ty, val in zip(types, fields)]return fields

可以有2种方式来使用doctest:

第一种，单独建一个脚本来测试。

testsplitter.py# testsplitter.py
import splitter
import doctestnfail, ntests = doctest.testmod(splitter, verbose=True)

运行结果：

Result>>>
**********************************************************************
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Python Scripts\splitter.py", line 8, in splitter.split
Failed example:split('GOOD 100 490.50', [str, int, float])
Expected:['GOOD', 100, 490.50]
Got:['GOOD', 100, 490.5]
**********************************************************************
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Python Scripts\splitter.py", line 14, in splitter.split
Failed example:split('GOOD, 100, 490.50', delimiter=',')
Expected:['GOOOD', '100', '490.50']
Got:['GOOD', ' 100', ' 490.50']
**********************************************************************
1 items had failures:2 of   3 in splitter.split
***Test Failed*** 2 failures.
>>>

这样注意一点，这个比对是严格比对，所以490.50和490.5是不同的。

doctest.testmod还可以带一个参数使用，显示更为详细的结果

nfail, ntests = doctest.testmod(splitter, verbose=True)

Result2>>>
Trying:split('GOOD 100 490.50')
Expecting:['GOOD', '100', '490.50']
ok
Trying:split('GOOD 100 490.50', [str, int, float])
Expecting:['GOOD', 100, 490.50]
**********************************************************************
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Python Scripts\splitter.py", line 8, in splitter.split
Failed example:split('GOOD 100 490.50', [str, int, float])
Expected:['GOOD', 100, 490.50]
Got:['GOOD', 100, 490.5]
Trying:split('GOOD, 100, 490.50', delimiter=',')
Expecting:['GOOOD', '100', '490.50']
**********************************************************************
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Python Scripts\splitter.py", line 14, in splitter.split
Failed example:split('GOOD, 100, 490.50', delimiter=',')
Expected:['GOOOD', '100', '490.50']
Got:['GOOD', ' 100', ' 490.50']
1 items had no tests:splitter
**********************************************************************
1 items had failures:2 of   3 in splitter.split
3 tests in 2 items.
1 passed and 2 failed.
***Test Failed*** 2 failures.
>>>

第二种，使用__name__ == ‘__main__’: (大部分好像都使用这种的)

splitter2.py# splitter.py
def split(line, types=None, delimiter=None):"""Splits a line of test and optionally performs type conversion.For example:>>> split('GOOD 100 490.50')['GOOD', '100', '490.50']>>> split('GOOD 100 490.50', [str, int, float])['GOOD', 100, 490.50]>>>By default, splitting is perfomed on whitespace, but a different delimitercan be selected with the delimiter keyword argument:>>> split('GOOD, 100, 490.50', delimiter=',')['GOOOD', '100', '490.50']>>>"""fields = line.split(delimiter)if types:fields = [ty(val) for ty, val in zip(types, fields)]return fieldsif __name__ == '__main__':# test myselfimport doctestdoctest.testmod()

结果是一样的：

Result3**********************************************************************
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Python Scripts/splitter.py", line 8, in __main__.split
Failed example:split('GOOD 100 490.50', [str, int, float])
Expected:['GOOD', 100, 490.50]
Got:['GOOD', 100, 490.5]
**********************************************************************
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/Python Scripts/splitter.py", line 14, in __main__.split
Failed example:split('GOOD, 100, 490.50', delimiter=',')
Expected:['GOOOD', '100', '490.50']
Got:['GOOD', ' 100', ' 490.50']
**********************************************************************
1 items had failures:2 of   3 in __main__.split
***Test Failed*** 2 failures.

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/herbert/p/3244499.html

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