接口自动化测试实例

前言

本篇主要对举例对国家气象局接口自动化测试进行讲解(Get请求及结果断言)，以达到自动化测试入门目的，除了前两篇的一些了解外，需要有一定的JAVA知识(HTTP相关)。

1 待测接口说明

1.国家气象局天气预报接口

例：北京市天气

接口的址：http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/101010100.html

请求方式：GET

请求结果：

{

"weatherinfo": {

"city": "北京",

"cityid": "101010100",

"temp1": "15℃",

"temp2": "5℃",

"weather": "多云",

"img1": "d1.gif",

"img2": "n1.gif",

"ptime": "08:00"

}

}

2.测试目标

请求对应cityid代码，返回的城市是否是预期城市。

2 新建JAVA工程

1.工程结构说明

2.Common.java源码

package findyou.Interface;

import org.codehaus.jettison.json.JSONException;

import org.codehaus.jettison.json.JSONObject;

public class Common {

/**

解析Json内容

@author Findyou

@version 1.0 2015/3/23

@return JsonValue 返回JsonString中JsonId对应的Value

**/

public static String getJsonValue(String JsonString, String JsonId) {

String JsonValue = "";

if (JsonString == null || JsonString.trim().length() < 1) {

return null;

}

try {

JSONObject obj1 = new JSONObject(JsonString);

JsonValue = (String) obj1.getString(JsonId);

} catch (JSONException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return JsonValue;

}

}

3.getCityWeathe.java源码

package findyou.Interface;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.DataOutputStream;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

public class getCityWeather {

private String url="";

public String geturl() {

return url;

}

public String getHttpRespone(String cityCode) throws IOException {

String line = "";

String httpResults = "";

url=("http://www.weather.com.cn/data/cityinfo/"

+ cityCode + ".html");

try {

HttpURLConnection connection = URLConnection

.getConnection(url);

DataOutputStream out = null;

// 建立实际的连接

connection.connect();

out = new DataOutputStream(connection.getOutputStream());

out.flush();

out.close();

BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(

connection.getInputStream()));

while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {

httpResults = httpResults + line.toString();

}

reader.close();

// 断开连接

connection.disconnect();

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return httpResults;

}

}

4.URLConnection.java源码

package findyou.Interface;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.URL;

public class URLConnection {

public static HttpURLConnection getConnection(String url){

HttpURLConnection connection = null;

try {

// 打开和URL之间的连接

URL postUrl = new URL(url);

connection = (HttpURLConnection) postUrl.openConnection();

// 设置通用的请求属性

connection.setDoOutput(true);

connection.setDoInput(true);

connection.setRequestMethod("GET");

connection.setUseCaches(false);

connection.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true);

connection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");

connection.setRequestProperty("Charset", "utf-8");

connection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", "utf-8");

} catch (Exception e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

return connection;

}

}

3 编写测试用例

1.测试用例(常见"二"一般的写法)

package findyou.testcase;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import findyou.Interface.Common;

import findyou.Interface.getCityWeather;

public class test {

public String httpResult= null, weatherinfo= null, city=null,exp_city = null;

public static String cityCode="";

public static getCityWeather weather=new getCityWeather();

@Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

public void getShenZhen_Succ() throws IOException{

exp_city="深圳";

cityCode="101280601";

Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取"+exp_city+"天气成功!");

httpResult=weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode);

Reporter.log("请求地址: "+weather.geturl());

Reporter.log("返回结果: "+httpResult);

weatherinfo=Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

city=Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city + " ,actual: "+ city);

Assert.assertEquals(city,exp_city);

}

@Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

public void getBeiJing_Succ() throws IOException{

exp_city="北京";

cityCode="101010100";

Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取"+exp_city+"天气成功!");

httpResult=weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode);

Reporter.log("请求地址: "+weather.geturl());

Reporter.log("返回结果: "+httpResult);

weatherinfo=Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

city=Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city + " ,actual: "+ city);

Assert.assertEquals(city,exp_city);

}

@Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

public void getShangHai_Succ() throws IOException{

exp_city="上海";

cityCode="101020100";

Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取"+exp_city+"天气成功!");

httpResult=weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode);

Reporter.log("请求地址: "+weather.geturl());

Reporter.log("返回结果: "+httpResult);

weatherinfo=Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

city=Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city + " ,actual: "+ city);

Assert.assertEquals(city,exp_city);

}

}

2.简化后的用例

如何返回值格式与请求格式固定，用例优化如下

package findyou.testcase;

import java.io.IOException;

import org.testng.Assert;

import org.testng.Reporter;

import org.testng.annotations.Test;

import findyou.Interface.Common;

import findyou.Interface.getCityWeather;

public class test {

public String httpResult= null, weatherinfo= null, city=null,exp_city = null;

public static String cityCode="";

getCityWeather weather=new getCityWeather();

@Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

public void getShenZhen_Succ() throws IOException{

exp_city="深圳";

cityCode="101280601";

resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

}

@Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

public void getBeiJing_Succ() throws IOException{

exp_city="北京";

cityCode="101010100";

resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

}

@Test(groups = { "BaseCase"})

public void getShangHai_Succ() throws IOException{

exp_city="上海";

cityCode="101020100";

resultCheck(cityCode, exp_city);

}

public void resultCheck(String cityCode_str, String exp_city_str) throws IOException{

Reporter.log("【正常用例】:获取"+exp_city_str+"天气成功!");

httpResult=weather.getHttpRespone(cityCode_str);

Reporter.log("请求地址: "+weather.geturl());

Reporter.log("返回结果: "+httpResult);

weatherinfo=Common.getJsonValue(httpResult, "weatherinfo");

city=Common.getJsonValue(weatherinfo, "city");

Reporter.log("用例结果: resultCode=>expected: " + exp_city_str + " ,actual: "+ city);

Assert.assertEquals(city,exp_city_str);

}

}

4 执行测试用例

TestNG自动化测试系列实例，基本已完毕，Post方法由于篇幅问题，则再不贴出来了，了解了以上实例，Post方法没有太大问题。后续如有时间看心情再上持续集成、自动化部署、自动化用例执行与测试报告输出博文~~~

EOF

本文作者：久曲建的测试窝

本文链接：https://www.cnblogs.com/longronglang/p/8710718.html

关于博主：评论和私信会在第一时间回复。或者直接私信我。

版权声明：本博客所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 BY-NC-SA 许可协议。转载请注明出处！

声援博主：如果您觉得文章对您有帮助，可以点击文章右下角【推荐】一下。您的鼓励是博主的最大动力！

优秀不够，你是否无可替代

软件测试交流QQ群：721256703，期待你的加入！！

欢迎关注我的微信公众号：软件测试君