一、Xtrabackup是什么:

  • Xtrabackup是一个对InnoDB做数据备份的工具，支持在线热备份(备份时不影响数据读写)，是商业备份工具InnoDB Hotbackup的一个很好的替代品。
  • Xtrabackup有两个主要的工具：xtrabackup、innobackupex
  1. xtrabackup只能备份InnoDB和XtraDB两种数据表，而不能备份MyISAM数据表
  2. innobackupex是参考了InnoDB Hotbackup的innoback脚本修改而来的.innobackupex是一个perl脚本封装，封装了xtrabackup。主要是为了方便的 同时备份InnoDB和MyISAM引擎的表，但在处理myisam时需要加一个读锁。并且加入了一些使用的选项。如slave-info可以记录备份恢 复后，作为slave需要的一些信息，根据这些信息，可以很方便的利用备份来重做slave。

二、利用二进制包安装xtrabackup

[root@DBMysql ~]# tar xvfz percona-xtrabackup-2.0.7-552.tar.gz -C /usr/local
[root@DBMysql local]# mv percona-xtrabackup-2.0.7 xtrabackup
[root@DBMysql local]# chown mysql:mysql -R /usr/local/xtrabackup/在mysql用户下的 .bash_profile文件中添加环境变量
export PATH=/usr/local/xtrabackup/bin:$PATH

三、创建备份专用账户

[mysql@DBMysql ~]$ mysql --defaults-file=/mysql/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf -usystem -p'123456'
[(none) 10:09:13]>create user xtrabk@'127.0.0.1' identified by 'onlybackup';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.08 sec)[(none) 10:09:57]>grant reload,lock tables,Replication client, super on *.* to xtrabk@'127.0.0.1';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.07 sec)
[(none) 10:10:57]>

四.innobackupex全量备份

[mysql@hadoop1 ~]$ innobackupex --defaults-file=/mysql/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf --host=127.0.0.1 --user=xtrabk --password='onlybackup' /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_fullInnoDB Backup Utility v1.5.1-xtrabackup; Copyright 2003, 2009 Innobase Oy
and Percona Ireland Ltd 2009-2012.  All Rights Reserved.This software is published under
the GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991.160527 00:22:59  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --defaults-file='/mysql/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf' --password=xxxxxxxx --user='xtrabk' --host='127.0.0.1' --unbuffered --
160527 00:22:59  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=12647)
160527 00:23:05  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed
IMPORTANT: Please check that the backup run completes successfully.At the end of a successful backup run innobackupexprints "completed OK!".innobackupex: Using mysql  Ver 14.12 Distrib 5.0.95, for redhat-linux-gnu (x86_64) using readline 5.1
innobackupex: Using mysql server version Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.innobackupex: Created backup directory /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05
160527 00:23:05  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --defaults-file='/mysql/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf' --password=xxxxxxxx --user='xtrabk' --host='127.0.0.1' --unbuffered --
160527 00:23:05  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=12670)
160527 00:23:07  innobackupex: Connection to database server closed160527 00:23:07  innobackupex: Starting ibbackup with command: xtrabackup_56  --defaults-file="/mysql/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf"  --defaults-group="mysqld" --backup --suspend-at-end --target-dir=/mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05 --tmpdir=/mysql/mysqldata/3306/tmp
innobackupex: Waiting for ibbackup (pid=12676) to suspend
innobackupex: Suspend file '/mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/xtrabackup_suspended'xtrabackup_56 version 2.0.7 for MySQL server 5.6.10 Linux (x86_64) (revision id: 552)
xtrabackup: uses posix_fadvise().
xtrabackup: cd to /mysql/mysqldata/3306/data
xtrabackup: Target instance is assumed as followings.
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_home_dir = ./
xtrabackup:   innodb_data_file_path = ibdata01:100M:autoextend
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_group_home_dir = /mysql/mysqldata/3306/redo
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
xtrabackup:   innodb_log_file_size = 134217728
xtrabackup: using O_DIRECT
InnoDB: Allocated tablespace 6, old maximum was 0
InnoDB: Opened 5 undo tablespaces
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
[01] Copying ./ibdata01 to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/ibdata01
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying ./mysql/innodb_table_stats.ibd to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/mysql/innodb_table_stats.ibd
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying ./mysql/innodb_index_stats.ibd to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/mysql/innodb_index_stats.ibd
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying ./mysql/slave_relay_log_info.ibd to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/mysql/slave_relay_log_info.ibd
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying ./mysql/slave_master_info.ibd to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/mysql/slave_master_info.ibd
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying ./mysql/slave_worker_info.ibd to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/mysql/slave_worker_info.ibd
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying ./pls_innodb/t_polestar02.ibd to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/pls_innodb/t_polestar02.ibd
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying /mysql/mysqldata/3306/undo/undo001 to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/undo001
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying /mysql/mysqldata/3306/undo/undo002 to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/undo002
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying /mysql/mysqldata/3306/undo/undo003 to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/undo003
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying /mysql/mysqldata/3306/undo/undo004 to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/undo004
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
[01]        ...done
[01] Copying /mysql/mysqldata/3306/undo/undo005 to /mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05/undo005
[01]        ...done
>> log scanned up to (1527120)160527 00:23:12  innobackupex: Continuing after ibbackup has suspended
160527 00:23:12  innobackupex: Starting mysql with options:  --defaults-file='/mysql/mysqldata/3306/my.cnf' --password=xxxxxxxx --user='xtrabk' --host='127.0.0.1' --unbuffered --
160527 00:23:12  innobackupex: Connected to database with mysql child process (pid=12684)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
160527 00:23:14  innobackupex: Starting to lock all tables...
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
>> log scanned up to (1527120)
160527 00:23:24  innobackupex: All tables locked and flushed to disk160527 00:23:24  innobackupex: Starting to backup non-InnoDB tables and files
innobackupex: in subdirectories of '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data'
innobackupex: Backing up files '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data/mysql/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (74 files)
innobackupex: Backing up files '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data/performance_schema/*.{frm,isl,MYD,MYI,MAD,MAI,MRG,TRG,TRN,ARM,ARZ,CSM,CSV,opt,par}' (53 files)
innobackupex: Backing up file '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data/pls_innodb/db.opt'
innobackupex: Backing up file '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data/pls_innodb/t_polestar02.frm'
innobackupex: Backing up file '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data/pls_myisam/t_polestar01.MYD'
innobackupex: Backing up file '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data/pls_myisam/db.opt'
innobackupex: Backing up file '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data/pls_myisam/t_polestar01.MYI'
innobackupex: Backing up file '/mysql/mysqldata/3306/data/pls_myisam/t_polestar01.frm'
160527 00:23:25  innobackupex: Finished backing up non-InnoDB tables and files160527 00:23:25  innobackupex: Waiting for log copying to finishxtrabackup: The latest check point (for incremental): '1527120'
xtrabackup: Stopping log copying thread.
.>> log scanned up to (1527120)xtrabackup: Transaction log of lsn (1527120) to (1527120) was copied.
160527 00:23:28  innobackupex: All tables unlocked
160527 00:23:28  innobackupex: Connection to database server closedinnobackupex: Backup created in directory '/mysql/mysqldata/backup/3306_full/2016-05-27_00-23-05'
innobackupex: MySQL binlog position: filename 'mysql-bin.000003', position 1870
160527 00:23:28  innobackupex: completed OK!
[mysql@hadoop1 ~]$

五、innobackupexe备份产生的相关文件

[mysql@hadoop1 2016-05-27_00-23-05]$ ls -l
total 153824
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mysql mysql       290 May 27 00:23 backup-my.cnf
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql 104857600 May 27 00:23 ibdata01
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql      4096 May 27 00:23 mysql
drwxrwxr-x 2 mysql mysql      4096 May 27 00:23 performance_schema
drwx------ 2 mysql mysql      4096 May 27 00:23 pls_innodb
drwxrwxr-x 2 mysql mysql      4096 May 27 00:23 pls_myisam
drwxrwxr-x 2 mysql mysql      4096 May 27 00:23 test
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  10485760 May 27 00:23 undo001
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  10485760 May 27 00:23 undo002
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  10485760 May 27 00:23 undo003
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  10485760 May 27 00:23 undo004
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql  10485760 May 27 00:23 undo005
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mysql mysql        13 May 27 00:23 xtrabackup_binary
-rw-rw-r-- 1 mysql mysql        24 May 27 00:23 xtrabackup_binlog_info
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql        77 May 27 00:23 xtrabackup_checkpoints
-rw-rw---- 1 mysql mysql      2560 May 27 00:23 xtrabackup_logfile
[mysql@hadoop1 2016-05-27_00-23-05]$

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/polestar/p/5618635.html

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