一、Docker安装

参考文档：https://docs.docker.com/engine/install/centos/

卸载之前安装Docker

sudo yum remove docker \docker-client \docker-client-latest \docker-common \docker-latest \docker-latest-logrotate \docker-logrotate \docker-engine

安装yum-utils包(提供yum-config-manager实用程序)并设置稳定存储库

yum install -y yum-utils
yum-config-manager --add-repo https://download.docker.com/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo

安装Docker Engine和containerd的最新版本，或者进入下一步安装特定版本

yum install -y docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

安装完成后默认服务未启动
- systemctl status docker：查看docker服务状态

[root@localhost vagrant]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container EngineLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: inactive (dead)Docs: https://docs.docker.com

启动docker
- systemctl start docker

[root@localhost vagrant]# systemctl start docker
[root@localhost vagrant]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container EngineLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: active (running) since Thu 2021-07-29 13:02:30 UTC; 2s agoDocs: https://docs.docker.comMain PID: 21062 (dockerd)Tasks: 8Memory: 56.2MCGroup: /system.slice/docker.service└─21062 /usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sockJul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.611437237Z" level=info msg="schem...grpc
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.611445537Z" level=info msg="ccRes...grpc
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.611450657Z" level=info msg="Clien...grpc
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.627090140Z" level=info msg="Loadi...rt."
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.727488472Z" level=info msg="Defau...ess"
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.760258611Z" level=info msg="Loadi...ne."
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.793136460Z" level=info msg="Docke...10.7
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.793270992Z" level=info msg="Daemo...ion"
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.819195488Z" level=info msg="API l...ock"
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

关闭docker
- systemctl start docker

[root@localhost vagrant]# systemctl stop docker
Warning: Stopping docker.service, but it can still be activated by:docker.socket
[root@localhost vagrant]# systemctl status docker
● docker.service - Docker Application Container EngineLoaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service; disabled; vendor preset: disabled)Active: inactive (dead) since Thu 2021-07-29 13:02:54 UTC; 13s agoDocs: https://docs.docker.comProcess: 21062 ExecStart=/usr/bin/dockerd -H fd:// --containerd=/run/containerd/containerd.sock (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Main PID: 21062 (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.727488472Z" level=info msg="Defau...ess"
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.760258611Z" level=info msg="Loadi...ne."
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.793136460Z" level=info msg="Docke...10.7
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.793270992Z" level=info msg="Daemo...ion"
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started Docker Application Container Engine.
Jul 29 13:02:30 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:30.819195488Z" level=info msg="API l...ock"
Jul 29 13:02:54 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopping Docker Application Container Engine...
Jul 29 13:02:54 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:54.942850962Z" level=info msg="Proce...ed'"
Jul 29 13:02:54 localhost.localdomain dockerd[21062]: time="2021-07-29T13:02:54.943694289Z" level=info msg="Daemo...ete"
Jul 29 13:02:54 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Stopped Docker Application Container Engine.
Hint: Some lines were ellipsized, use -l to show in full.

开机自动启动
- systemctl enable docker

[root@localhost vagrant]# systemctl enable docker
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/docker.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/docker.service.

二、Docker卸载

卸载Docker Engine、CLI和Containerd包

yum remove docker-ce docker-ce-cli containerd.io

删除所有镜像、容器和卷,主机上的映像、容器、卷或自定义配置文件不会自动删除

rm -rf /var/lib/docker
rm -rf /var/lib/containerd

必须手动删除任何已编辑的配置文件

三、Docker镜像

3.1 官网镜像仓库

中央仓库地址：https://hub.docker.com/

通常选择带有Official Image为官方镜像
镜像同样也有很多版本，标识一个镜像的名称就是【官方镜像名称:tags】，例如MySQL 5.7版本就是 mysql:5.7

各个镜像的使用在详情页可以看到
但是默认的镜像仓库在国外，国内下载速度不是很理想，可以使用镜像加速器，例如阿里的镜像加速

3.2 阿里镜像仓库

阿里的镜像仓库加速服务需要登录网站后可以申请，所以镜像加速与个人绑定
镜像地址：https://cr.console.aliyun.com/cn-hangzhou/instances/mirrors
通过修改daemon配置文件/etc/docker/daemon.json来使用加速器

mkdir -p /etc/docker
tee /etc/docker/daemon.json <<-'EOF'
{"registry-mirrors": ["https://tvwe72le.mirror.aliyuncs.com"]
}
EOF
systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl restart docker

四、Docker 命令

帮助命令
- docker --help

[root@localhost ~]# docker --helpUsage: docker COMMANDA self-sufficient runtime for containersOptions:--config string      Location of client config files (default "/root/.docker")-D, --debug              Enable debug mode--help               Print usage-H, --host list          Daemon socket(s) to connect to (default [])-l, --log-level string   Set the logging level ("debug", "info", "warn", "error", "fatal") (default "info")--tls                Use TLS; implied by --tlsverify--tlscacert string   Trust certs signed only by this CA (default "/root/.docker/ca.pem")--tlscert string     Path to TLS certificate file (default "/root/.docker/cert.pem")--tlskey string      Path to TLS key file (default "/root/.docker/key.pem")--tlsverify          Use TLS and verify the remote-v, --version            Print version information and quitManagement Commands:container   Manage containersimage       Manage imagesnetwork     Manage networksnode        Manage Swarm nodesplugin      Manage pluginssecret      Manage Docker secretsservice     Manage servicesstack       Manage Docker stacksswarm       Manage Swarmsystem      Manage Dockervolume      Manage volumesCommands:attach      Attach to a running containerbuild       Build an image from a Dockerfilecommit      Create a new image from a container's changescp          Copy files/folders between a container and the local filesystemcreate      Create a new containerdiff        Inspect changes on a container's filesystemevents      Get real time events from the serverexec        Run a command in a running containerexport      Export a container's filesystem as a tar archivehistory     Show the history of an imageimages      List imagesimport      Import the contents from a tarball to create a filesystem imageinfo        Display system-wide informationinspect     Return low-level information on Docker objectskill        Kill one or more running containersload        Load an image from a tar archive or STDINlogin       Log in to a Docker registrylogout      Log out from a Docker registrylogs        Fetch the logs of a containerpause       Pause all processes within one or more containersport        List port mappings or a specific mapping for the containerps          List containerspull        Pull an image or a repository from a registrypush        Push an image or a repository to a registryrename      Rename a containerrestart     Restart one or more containersrm          Remove one or more containersrmi         Remove one or more imagesrun         Run a command in a new containersave        Save one or more images to a tar archive (streamed to STDOUT by default)search      Search the Docker Hub for imagesstart       Start one or more stopped containersstats       Display a live stream of container(s) resource usage statisticsstop        Stop one or more running containerstag         Create a tag TARGET_IMAGE that refers to SOURCE_IMAGEtop         Display the running processes of a containerunpause     Unpause all processes within one or more containersupdate      Update configuration of one or more containersversion     Show the Docker version informationwait        Block until one or more containers stop, then print their exit codesRun 'docker COMMAND --help' for more information on a command.

启动命令：systemctl start docker
关闭命令：systemctl stop docker
Docker 描述信息
- docker info

# docker info
Client:Context:    defaultDebug Mode: falsePlugins:app: Docker App (Docker Inc., v0.9.1-beta3)buildx: Build with BuildKit (Docker Inc., v0.5.1-docker)scan: Docker Scan (Docker Inc., v0.8.0)Server:Containers: 0Running: 0Paused: 0Stopped: 0Images: 0Server Version: 20.10.7Storage Driver: overlay2Backing Filesystem: xfsSupports d_type: trueNative Overlay Diff: trueuserxattr: falseLogging Driver: json-fileCgroup Driver: cgroupfsCgroup Version: 1Plugins:Volume: localNetwork: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlayLog: awslogs fluentd gcplogs gelf journald json-file local logentries splunk syslogSwarm: inactiveRuntimes: runc io.containerd.runc.v2 io.containerd.runtime.v1.linuxDefault Runtime: runcInit Binary: docker-initcontainerd version: 7eba5930496d9bbe375fdf71603e610ad737d2b2runc version: v1.0.0-0-g84113eeinit version: de40ad0Security Options:seccompProfile: defaultKernel Version: 3.10.0-1127.el7.x86_64Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)OSType: linuxArchitecture: x86_64CPUs: 1Total Memory: 487MiBName: localhost.localdomainID: H3NC:RHOD:UI64:ICUE:PP7J:OFPG:BMQR:OEHI:FFWL:EGR3:N7NR:Z5PWDocker Root Dir: /var/lib/dockerDebug Mode: falseRegistry: https://index.docker.io/v1/Labels:Experimental: falseInsecure Registries:127.0.0.0/8Registry Mirrors:https://tvwe72le.mirror.aliyuncs.com/Live Restore Enabled: falseWARNING: bridge-nf-call-iptables is disabled
WARNING: bridge-nf-call-ip6tables is disabled

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文章目录

一、Docker安装

二、Docker卸载

三、Docker镜像

3.1 官网镜像仓库

3.2 阿里镜像仓库

四、Docker 命令

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