生成树协议是一种二层管理协议，它通过有选择性地阻塞网络冗余链路来达到消除网络二层环路的目的，同时具备链路的备份功能。

每个VLAN都生成一棵树是一种比较直接，而且最简单的解决方法。它能够保证每一个VLAN都不存在环路。但是由于种种原因，以这种方式工作的生成树协议并没有形成标准，而是各个厂商各有一套，尤其是以Cisco的VLAN生成树PVST(Per VLAN Spanning Tree)为代表。

SW1，SW2，SW3同一的配置。  SW1为例

Switch>en
Switch#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Switch(config)#hostname SW1SW1(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/23-24SW1(config-if-range)#switchport mode trunk SW1(config-if-range)#endSW1#show interfaces trunk
Port        Mode         Encapsulation  Status        Native vlan
Fa0/23      on           802.1q         trunking      1
Fa0/24      on           802.1q         trunking      1Port        Vlans allowed on trunk
Fa0/23      1-1005
Fa0/24      1-1005Port        Vlans allowed and active in management domain
Fa0/23      1
Fa0/24      1Port        Vlans in spanning tree forwarding state and not pruned
Fa0/23      none
Fa0/24      noneSW1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.SW1(config)#vlan 2
SW1(config-vlan)#name caiwu
SW1(config-vlan)#vlan 3
SW1(config-vlan)#name itSW1(config)#endSW1#show vlan brief VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2, Fa0/3, Fa0/4Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
2    caiwu                            active
3    it                               active
1002 fddi-default                     active
1003 token-ring-default               active
1004 fddinet-default                  active
1005 trnet-default

SW3 划分VLAN 配置

SW3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.SW3(config)#interface range fastEthernet 0/1-2SW3(config-if-range)#switchport mode  access SW3(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 2SW3(config-if-range)#interface range fastEthernet 0/3-4SW3(config-if-range)#switchport mode  access SW3(config-if-range)#switchport access vlan 3
SW3(config-if-range)#endSW3#show vlan brief VLAN Name                             Status    Ports
---- -------------------------------- --------- -------------------------------
1    default                          active    Fa0/5, Fa0/6, Fa0/7, Fa0/8Fa0/9, Fa0/10, Fa0/11, Fa0/12Fa0/13, Fa0/14, Fa0/15, Fa0/16Fa0/17, Fa0/18, Fa0/19, Fa0/20Fa0/21, Fa0/22, Gig0/1, Gig0/2
2    caiwu                            active    Fa0/1, Fa0/2
3    it                               active    Fa0/3, Fa0/4
1002 fddi-default                     active
1003 token-ring-default               active
1004 fddinet-default                  active
1005 trnet-default                    active
SW3#

查看

BID：优先级+MAC （MAC地址数字越小，为根桥）

SW1SW1#show version 63488K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory.
Base ethernet MAC Address       : 0001.9766.27A9
Motherboard assembly number     : 73-9832-06
Power supply part number        : 341-0097-02
Motherboard serial number       : FOC103248MJ
Power supply serial number      : DCA102133JA
Model revision number           : B0
Motherboard revision number     : C0
Model number                    : WS-C2960-24TT
System serial number            : FOC1033Z1EYSW2SW2#show version 63488K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory.
Base ethernet MAC Address       : 0003.E44D.7A96
Motherboard assembly number     : 73-9832-06
Power supply part number        : 341-0097-02
Motherboard serial number       : FOC103248MJ
Power supply serial number      : DCA102133JA
Model revision number           : B0
Motherboard revision number     : C0
Model number                    : WS-C2960-24TT
System serial number            : FOC1033Z1EYSW3SW3#show version
63488K bytes of flash-simulated non-volatile configuration memory.
Base ethernet MAC Address       : 00D0.97CD.098A
Motherboard assembly number     : 73-9832-06
Power supply part number        : 341-0097-02
Motherboard serial number       : FOC103248MJ
Power supply serial number      : DCA102133JA
Model revision number           : B0
Motherboard revision number     : C0
Model number                    : WS-C2960-24TT
System serial number            : FOC1033Z1EY

SW1

SW1#show spanning-tree
VLAN0001Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot ID    Priority    32769Address     0001.9766.27A9This bridge is the rootHello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    32769  (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)Address     0001.9766.27A9Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Desg FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2pVLAN0002Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot ID    Priority    32770Address     0001.9766.27A9 This bridge is the rootHello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    32770  (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 2)Address     0001.9766.27A9Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Desg FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2pVLAN0003Spanning tree enabled protocol ieeeRoot ID    Priority    32771Address     0001.9766.27A9This bridge is the rootHello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    32771  (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 3)Address     0001.9766.27A9Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Desg FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2p

SW1 SW2 SW3 配置快速STP

SW1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
SW1(config)#sp
SW1(config)#spanning-tree mode ?pvst        Per-Vlan spanning tree moderapid-pvst  Per-Vlan rapid spanning tree modeSW1(config)#spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst

根 负载均衡 配置。  默认（4096）倍数     primary -4096-4096  ...   secondary -4096

SW1成为VLAN2的根，VLAN3的备份根

SW2成为VLAN3的根,  VLAB2的备份根

SW1

SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 2 priority ?<0-61440>  bridge priority in increments of 4096#可以使用思科的宏命令
SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 2 root primary SW1(config)#spanning-tree vlan 3 root secondary SW1#show running-config
Building configuration...Current configuration : 1197 bytes
!
version 12.2
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname SW1
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree extend system-id
spanning-tree vlan 2 priority 24576
spanning-tree vlan 3 priority 28672
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
!

SW2

SW2>en
SW2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 3 root ?primary    Configure this switch as primary root for this spanning tree#相反
SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 3 root primary SW2(config)#spanning-tree vlan 2 root secondary SW2#show running-config
Building configuration...Current configuration : 1197 bytes
!
version 12.2
no service timestamps log datetime msec
no service timestamps debug datetime msec
no service password-encryption
!
hostname SW2
!
!
!
!
!
spanning-tree mode rapid-pvst
spanning-tree extend system-id
spanning-tree vlan 3 priority 24576
spanning-tree vlan 2 priority 28672

查看是否配置正确

SW1

SW1# show spanning-tree
VLAN0001Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID    Priority    32769Address     0001.9766.27A9This bridge is the rootHello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    32769  (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)Address     0001.9766.27A9Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Desg FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2pVLAN0002Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID    Priority    24578Address     0001.9766.27A9This bridge is the rootHello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    24578  (priority 24576 sys-id-ext 2)Address     0001.9766.27A9Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Desg FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2pVLAN0003Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID    Priority    24579Address     0003.E44D.7A96Cost        19Port        23(FastEthernet0/23)Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    28675  (priority 28672 sys-id-ext 3)Address     0001.9766.27A9Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Root FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2p

SW2

SW2# show spanning-tree
VLAN0001Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID    Priority    32769Address     0001.9766.27A9Cost        19Port        23(FastEthernet0/23)Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    32769  (priority 32768 sys-id-ext 1)Address     0003.E44D.7A96Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Root FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2pVLAN0002Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID    Priority    24578Address     0001.9766.27A9Cost        19Port        23(FastEthernet0/23)Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    28674  (priority 28672 sys-id-ext 2)Address     0003.E44D.7A96Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Root FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2pVLAN0003Spanning tree enabled protocol rstpRoot ID    Priority    24579Address     0003.E44D.7A96 This bridge is the rootHello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secBridge ID  Priority    24579  (priority 24576 sys-id-ext 3)Address     0003.E44D.7A96Hello Time  2 sec  Max Age 20 sec  Forward Delay 15 secAging Time  20Interface        Role Sts Cost      Prio.Nbr Type
---------------- ---- --- --------- -------- --------------------------------
Fa0/23           Desg FWD 19        128.23   P2p
Fa0/24           Desg FWD 19        128.24   P2p

转载于:https://www.cnblogs.com/peter1007/p/9404885.html

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