Mysql之如何使用json

@(KNB架构)
欢迎关注作者博客
简书传送门

文章目录

需求
常用函数
- 创建JSON
- 查询JSON
- 修改JSON
- META信息
单表
- 单表查询
- 单表新增
- 单表修改
多表
- 关联查询
- 多表更新
- 多表详情
- 多表删除

需求

详情页实现自定义功能，可自行拖拽编辑内容；
列表页面可自定义搜索功能
多表业务关联

不规则json模板：

    {"id": "1","title": "手术记录","name": "","describe": "请填写手术记录","questions": [{"a0": "a0","id": 0,"name": "a0","type": 0,"input": "a0-input","title": "question1-术前诊断1","answer": [{"id": 0,"a0-0": "a0-0","name": "a0-0","type": 0,"input": "question1-answer-a0-a0-0","title": "question1-answer-术前诊断","content": "sdsd","describe": "question1-answer-手术前的检查","ischecked": 0,"locationinput": "questions[0].answer[0].input","locationdescribe": "questions[0].answer[0].describe","locationtitle": "questions[0].answer[0].title","locationcontent": "questions[0].answer[0].content"},{"id": 0,"a0-0": "a0-0","name": "a0-0","type": 0,"input": "question1-answer-a0-a0-0","title": "question1-answer-术前诊断","content": "sdsd","describe": "question1-answer-手术前的检查","ischecked": 0,"locationinput": "questions[0].answer[1].input","locationdescribe": "questions[0].answer[1].describe","locationtitle": "questions[0].answer[1].title","locationcontent": "questions[0].answer[1].content"}],"writeOr": 0,"describe": "question1-手术前的检查1","locationinput": "questions[0].input","locationdescribe": "questions[0].describe","locationtitle": "questions[0].title","locationcontent": "questions[0].content"},{"a0": "a0","id": 0,"name": "a0","type": 0,"input": "a0-input","title": "question1-术前诊断1","answer": [{"id": 0,"a0-0": "a0-0","name": "a0-0","type": 0,"input": "question1-answer-a0-a0-0","title": "question1-answer-术前诊断","content": "sdsd","describe": "question1-answer-手术前的检查","ischecked": 0,"locationinput": "questions[1].answer[0].input","locationdescribe": "questions[1].answer[0].describe","locationtitle": "questions[1].answer[0].title","locationcontent": "questions[1].answer[0].content"},{"id": 0,"a0-0": "a0-0","name": "a0-0","type": 0,"input": "question1-answer-a0-a0-0","title": "question1-answer-术前诊断","content": "sdsd","describe": "question1-answer-手术前的检查","ischecked": 0,"locationinput": "questions[1].answer[1].input","locationdescribe": "questions[1].answer[1].describe","locationtitle": "questions[1].answer[1].title","locationcontent": "questions[1].answer[1].content"}],"writeOr": 0,"describe": "question1-手术前的检查1","locationinput": "questions[0].input","locationdescribe": "questions[0].describe","locationtitle": "questions[0].title","locationcontent": "questions[0].content"}],"filename": "scmd_test2","version":"v1.0","server":"drclinic","invoke":"/user/insert"
}

常用函数

创建JSON

类似 varchar，设置 JSON 主要将字段的 type 是 json, 不能设置长度，可以是 NULL 但不能有默认值。

函数说明：

函数名	说明
JSON_ARRAY()	创建json数组
JSON_OBJECT()	创建json对象
JSON_MERGE()	合并json数组或对象

查询JSON

示例数据：

id	category	tags
1	{“id”: 1, “name”: “lnmp.cn”}	[1, 3, 4]
2	{“id”: 2, “name”: “php.net”}	[1, 3, 5]

函数说明：

函数名	示例	说明
JSON_CONTAINS()	JSON_CONTAINS(category,‘1’,’$.id’)	查询category字段下id值为1的json串，判断是否包含某个json值
JSON_CONTAINS_PATH()		判断某个路径下是否包json值
JSON_EXTRACT()		提取json值
JSON_KEYS()		提取json中的键值为json数组
JSON_SEARCH()		判断某个路径下是否包json值
JSON_CONTAINS_PATH()		按给定字符串关键字搜索json，返回匹配的路径
JSON_UNQUOTE()		等价于"->>"

修改JSON

更新 JSON 下的元素，MySQL 并不支持 column->path 的形式

函数名	说明	备注
JSON_APPEND()		在指定的数组末尾以JSON文本形式追加指定的值并返回。
JSON_ARRAY_APPEND()
JSON_INSERT()	插入新值，但已经存在的值不会被覆盖
JSON_ARRAY_INSERT()		插入数组元素
JSON_SET()	插入新值，并覆盖已经存在的值
JSON_QUOTE()
JSON_REPLACE()	只替换存在的值
JSON_REMOVE()	删除 JSON 元素

META信息

函数名	说明
JSON_DEPTH()	返回json文档的最大深度
JSON_LENGTH()	返回json文档的长度
JSON_TYPE()	返回json值得类型
JSON_VALID()	判断是否为合法json文档

在5.7.9及之后的版本，可以使用column->path作为JSON_EXTRACT(column, path)的快捷方式。这个函数可以作为列数据的别名出现在SQL语句中的任意位置，包括WHERE,ORDER BY,和GROUP BY语句。同样包含SELECT， UPDATE， DELETE，CREATE TABLE和其他SQL语句。
->左边的参数为JSON数据的列名而不是一个表达式，其右边参数JSON数据中的某个路径表达式。

单表

单表查询

技巧：
mysql json 查询结果去掉双引号 “”
方法1
select json->>’$.attr’ from table;

方法2
select JSON_UNQUOTE(json_extract(json,’$.attr’)) from table;

sql：

SELECT id,json->'$.title' FROM test2
# 去除字符串引号
SELECT id,json->>'$.questions[0].title' FROM test2
select id,JSON_UNQUOTE(json_extract(json,'$.questions[0].title')) from test2;

# 携带where条件
SELECT id,json->>'$.title' FROM test2 where json->'$.title' = '手术记录'

# json字符串 解析成对应字段
select JSON_EXTRACT(json,'$.questions[*].title') as questiontitle,
JSON_EXTRACT(json,'$.questions[*].input') as questioninput,
JSON_EXTRACT(json,'$.questions[*].name') as questionname
FROM test2

# 查询所有一级key
select json_keys(json) as a from test2;

# 根据name（name唯一，如：a0-0）,查找当前对象的位置：
select replace(json_search(json,'one','a0-0'),'"','') as a from test2;

# 通过解析替换，将name替换成input，得到当前对象输入内容
SELECT id,json->'$.questions[0].answer[0].input' as 内容 FROM test2

单表新增

INSERT INTO `table1` (`id`, `info`)
VALUES(1 ,'{ "id" : 1, "name" : "aaa" }')

单表修改

UPDATE sc_role SET info = json_set(info,'$.tablename','sc_role_test');

UPDATE sc_role
SET info = json_replace (info,'$.questions[0].answerInfo.answer[0].tablename',"zhouzhixiang",'$.describe',"zhouzhixiang"
)
WHEREid = 'pNqGp45iHt507R85m5d7Jy5V1u190wgPr61m51Akop579325B5g4v5a2578Q1864';

UPDATE sc_table2 AS sc_table2
SET sc_table2.info = '{"version":"v1.0"}'
WHEREsc_table2.id = '|10nr6M52n270p65'

多表

关联查询

sc_role

{"id": "pNqGp45iHt507R85m5d7Jy5V1u190wgPr61m51Akop579325B5g4v5a2578Q1863","name": "","open": "isTemplatePublish","size": 20,"title": "手术记录","current": 1,"orderBy": "createtime","version": "v1.0","describe": "测试发布","openSort": true,"startNum": 0,"questions": [{"id": 0,"name": "a0","type": 0,"class": "icon-tiankongti","input": "三妻四妾所","title": "姓名","writeOr": 0,"describe": "","tablename": "sc_role","answerInfo": {"answer": [{"name": "","type": 0,"input": "","title": "","content": "","describe": "","ischecked": 0,"tablename": "sc_permission","locationinput": "","locationtitle": "","locationcontent": "","locationdescribe": ""}, {"name": "","type": 0,"input": "","title": "","content": "","describe": "","ischecked": 0,"tablename": "sc_role","locationinput": "","locationtitle": "","locationcontent": "","locationdescribe": ""}],"ischeckedid": []},"locationinput": "","locationtitle": "","locationcontent": "","locationdescribe": ""}],"tablename": "sc_role","createtime": 1539597448573,"isComplete": 0,"modulename": "sc_surgical_record","updatetime": 1539597448573,"creatername": "","updatername": "","isTemplatePublish": 1
}

sc_permission

{"createtime": 1539597448573,"roleid": "pNqGp45iHt507R85m5d7Jy5V1u190wgPr61m51Akop579325B5g4v5a2578Q1863","openSort": true,"isTemplatePublish": 1,"questions": [{"locationinput": "","answerInfo": {"answer": [{"input": "","locationinput": "","locationdescribe": "","name": "","ischecked": 0,"describe": "","type": 0,"title": "","content": "","locationtitle": "","tablename": "sc_role","locationcontent": ""}, {"input": "","locationinput": "","locationdescribe": "","name": "","ischecked": 0,"describe": "","type": 0,"title": "","content": "","locationtitle": "","tablename": "sc_permission","locationcontent": ""}],"ischeckedid": []},"writeOr": 0,"type": 0,"title": "姓名","locationtitle": "","input": "三妻四妾所","locationdescribe": "","tablename": "sc_permission","name": "a0","id": 0,"describe": "","class": "icon-tiankongti","locationcontent": ""}],"orderBy": "createtime","title": "手术记录1111111","version": "v1.0","updatername": "","current": 1,"size": 20,"name": "","startNum": 0,"modulename": "sc_surgical_record","describe": "测试发布1111111111","id": "11qGp45iHt507R85m5d7Jy5V1u190wgPr61m51Akop579325B5g4v5a2578Q1863","tablename": "sc_permission","updatetime": 1539597448573,"creatername": "","open": "isTemplatePublish","isComplete": 0
}

SELECTsc_role.id AS sc_role_id,sc_role.info -> "$.tablename" AS sc_role_tablename,sc_permission.id AS sc_permission_id,sc_permission.info -> "$.tabkl[]ename" AS sc_permission_tablename
FROMsc_role sc_role
LEFT JOIN sc_permission sc_permission ON sc_role.id = sc_permission.info -> "$.roleid"

SELECTsc_table2.info -> '$.tablename' AS sc_table1_tablename,sc_table1.info -> '$.tablename' AS sc_table2_tablename,sc_table3.info -> '$.tablename' AS sc_table3_tablename
FROMsc_table2 AS sc_table2
LEFT JOIN sc_table1 AS sc_table1 ON sc_table2.info -> '$.sc_table2_id' = sc_table1.info -> '$.sc_table1_id'
LEFT JOIN sc_table3 AS sc_table3 ON sc_table2.info -> '$.sc_table2_id' = sc_table3.info -> '$.sc_table3_id'

多表更新

UPDATE sc_role AS sc_role,sc_permission AS sc_permission
SET sc_role.info = json_set (sc_role.info,'$.tablename','sc_role_test2'
),sc_permission.info = json_set (sc_permission.info,'$.tablename','sc_permission_test2'
)
WHEREsc_permission.info -> "$.roleid" = sc_role.info -> "$.id";

UPDATE sc_table1 AS sc_table1,sc_table3 AS sc_table3,sc_table2 AS sc_table2
SET sc_table1.info = json_set (sc_table1.info,'$.table1realname','zzzzzz'
),sc_table3.info = json_set (sc_table3.info,'$.table3realname','zzzzzz'
),sc_table2.info = '{"version": "v1.0","sc_table2_id": "3","sc_table1_id": "3","sc_table3_id": "3","tablename": "sc_table2","dominantForeignids": ["sc_table1_id", "sc_table3_id"],"dominantForeignFields": ["$.startpoint_sc_table1_endpoint_table1realname", "$.startpoint_sc_table2_endpoint_table2realname", "$.startpoint_sc_table3_endpoint_table3realname"],"$.startpoint_sc_table1_endpoint_table1realname": "zzzzzz","$.startpoint_sc_table2_endpoint_table2realname": "zzzzzz","$.startpoint_sc_table3_endpoint_table3realname": "zzzzzz"
}'
WHEREsc_table2.info -> '$.sc_table1_id' = sc_table1.info -> '$.sc_table1_id'
AND sc_table2.info -> '$.sc_table3_id' = sc_table3.info -> '$.sc_table3_id'
AND sc_table2.id = '4'

多表详情

UPDATE sc_role AS sc_role,sc_permission AS sc_permission
SET sc_role.info = json_set (sc_role.info,'$.tablename','sc_role_test2'
),sc_permission.info = json_set (sc_permission.info,'$.tablename','sc_permission_test2'
)
WHEREsc_permission.info -> "$.roleid" = sc_role.info -> "$.id";

多表删除

DELETE sc_role,sc_permission
FROMsc_role AS sc_role
LEFT JOIN sc_permission AS sc_permission ON sc_role.info -> "$.id" = sc_permission.info -> "$.roleid"
WHEREsc_role.info -> "$.id" = 'pNqGp45iHt507R85m5d7Jy5V1u190wgPr61m51Akop579325B5g4v5a2578Q1863'

欢迎加入Java猿社区！免费领取我历年收集的所有学习资料哦！