前言

本篇文章主要讲述2个部分：

1. 搭建一个简单的测试环境
2. 用Jmeter发送一个简单的http请求

搭建测试环境

1. 编写flask代码(我参考了开源项目HttpRunner的测试服务器)，将如下的代码保存为api_server.py：

   import hashlib
   import hmac
   import json
   from functools import wrapsfrom flask import Flask, make_response, request
   from httprunner.built_in import gen_random_stringtry:from httpbin import app as httpbin_appHTTPBIN_HOST = "127.0.0.1"HTTPBIN_PORT = 3458HTTPBIN_SERVER = "http://{}:{}".format(HTTPBIN_HOST, HTTPBIN_PORT)
   except ImportError:httpbin_app = NoneHTTPBIN_HOST = "httpbin.org"HTTPBIN_PORT = 443HTTPBIN_SERVER = "https://{}:{}".format(HTTPBIN_HOST, HTTPBIN_PORT)FLASK_APP_PORT = 5000
   SECRET_KEY = "DebugTalk"app = Flask(__name__)""" storage all users' data
   data structure:users_dict = {'uid1': {'name': 'name1','password': 'pwd1'},'uid2': {'name': 'name2','password': 'pwd2'}}
   """
   users_dict = {}""" storage all token data
   data structure:token_dict = {'device_sn1': 'token1','device_sn2': 'token1'}
   """
   token_dict = {}def get_sign(*args):content = ''.join(args).encode('ascii')sign_key = SECRET_KEY.encode('ascii')sign = hmac.new(sign_key, content, hashlib.sha1).hexdigest()return signdef gen_md5(*args):return hashlib.md5("".join(args).encode('utf-8')).hexdigest()def validate_request(func):@wraps(func)def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):device_sn = request.headers.get('device_sn', "")token = request.headers.get('token', "")if not device_sn or not token:result = {'success': False,'msg': "device_sn or token is null."}response = make_response(json.dumps(result), 401)response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return responseif token_dict[device_sn] != token:result = {'success': False,'msg': "Authorization failed!"}response = make_response(json.dumps(result), 403)response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return responsereturn func(*args, **kwargs)return wrapper@app.route('/')
   def index():return "Hello World!"@app.route('/api/get-token', methods=['POST'])
   def get_token():user_agent = request.headers.get('User-Agent', "")device_sn = request.headers.get('device_sn', "")os_platform = request.headers.get('os_platform', "")app_version = request.headers.get('app_version', "")data = request.get_json()sign = data.get('sign', "")expected_sign = get_sign(user_agent, device_sn, os_platform, app_version)if expected_sign != sign:result = {'success': False,'msg': "Authorization failed!"}response = make_response(json.dumps(result), 403)else:token = gen_random_string(16)token_dict[device_sn] = tokenresult = {'success': True,'token': token}response = make_response(json.dumps(result))response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return response@app.route('/api/users')
   @validate_request
   def get_users():users_list = [user for uid, user in users_dict.items()]users = {'success': True,'count': len(users_list),'items': users_list}response = make_response(json.dumps(users))response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return response@app.route('/api/reset-all')
   @validate_request
   def clear_users():users_dict.clear()result = {'success': True}response = make_response(json.dumps(result))response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return response@app.route('/api/users/<int:uid>', methods=['POST'])
   @validate_request
   def create_user(uid):user = request.get_json()if uid not in users_dict:result = {'success': True,'msg': "user created successfully."}status_code = 201users_dict[uid] = userelse:result = {'success': False,'msg': "user already existed."}status_code = 500response = make_response(json.dumps(result), status_code)response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return response@app.route('/api/users/<int:uid>')
   @validate_request
   def get_user(uid):user = users_dict.get(uid, {})if user:result = {'success': True,'data': user}status_code = 200else:result = {'success': False,'data': user}status_code = 404response = make_response(json.dumps(result), status_code)response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return response@app.route('/api/users/<int:uid>', methods=['PUT'])
   @validate_request
   def update_user(uid):user = users_dict.get(uid, {})if user:user = request.get_json()success = Truestatus_code = 200users_dict[uid] = userelse:success = Falsestatus_code = 404result = {'success': success,'data': user}response = make_response(json.dumps(result), status_code)response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return response@app.route('/api/users/<int:uid>', methods=['DELETE'])
   @validate_request
   def delete_user(uid):user = users_dict.pop(uid, {})if user:success = Truestatus_code = 200else:success = Falsestatus_code = 404result = {'success': success,'data': user}response = make_response(json.dumps(result), status_code)response.headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"return response

1. 启动测试服务器：

   $ export FLASK_APP=tests/api_server.py    # 路径填写自己保存的api_server.py绝对路径
   $ flask run* Serving Flask app "tests.api_server"* Running on http://127.0.0.1:5000/ (Press CTRL+C to quit)

1. 测试服务器启动起来之后下面就可以开始写Jmeter的http请求了

使用Jmeter编写Http请求

1. 先看下接口实例：

   url:/api/get-token/method: POSTHeaders:app_version:2.8.6Content-Type:application/jsonos_platform:iosuser_agent:iOS/10.3device_sn:FwgRiO7CNA50DSUbody:{"sign": "958a05393efef0ac7c0fb80a7eac45e24fd40c27"}response:{"success": true,"token": "qba756V9z6rOYOVH"}

1. 使用postman请求实例：
   headers:
   

Body(注意：这里选择JSON(application/json)):

1. 知道了如何去发接口请求，现在就可以用Jmeter写脚本啦
   3.1 新建线程组，所有参数都是默认值即可
   3.2 添加配置文件：HTTP信息请求头管理，添加如下参数

Headers:app_version:2.8.6Content-Type:application/jsonos_platform:iosuser_agent:iOS/10.3device_sn:FwgRiO7CNA50DSU

3.3 添加Sampler=>HTTP请求，参数如图所示

3.4 添加监听器=>查看结果树（注意：是在HTTP请求这个Sampler的节点下），运行脚本结果如下，则脚本接口请求成功

下一篇文章中将介绍如何做断言。

Jmeter使用基础系列文章大纲：
Jmeter使用基础笔记-认识Jmeter
Jmeter使用基础笔记-写一个http请求
Jmeter使用基础笔记-API接口返回数据断言