LeetCode Number of Islands(flood fill)

问题：给出一个由0和1组成的二维网格图（m*n)，1表示陆地，0表示水。要求统计有多少块陆地

思路：常见的flood fill算法有三种，深度优先搜索、广度优先搜索以及广度扫描法。广度扫描法其实原理与广度优先搜索类似，只是在解空间比较大时，深度优先搜索占用的栈空间比较大，广度优先搜索在队列中占用的空间比较大。广度扫描法相当于是用时间来换取空间。此问题使用广度优先搜索时间复杂度为O(m*n),空间复杂度最坏为O(m*n)，用广度优先搜索时间复杂度为O(m*n),空间复杂度为O(4^k)，其中k表示深度,而用广度扫描法时间复杂度为O(m^2*n^2),空间复杂度为O(m*n)。另外一种方法是使用并查集

具体代码参考：

https://github.com/wuli2496/OJ/tree/master/LeetCode/Number%20of%20Islands

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