openstack运维实战系列(十)之nova指定compute节点和IP地址
1. 背景需求
在openstack中，nova负责openstack虚拟机的生命周期的管理，neutron则负责虚拟机的网络管理工作，默认情况下，创建一台虚拟机，nova会根据nova-scheduler调度算法，选择一台最合适的compute节点，同时会从neutron的地址池中分配一个ip地址给虚拟机，从而完成虚拟机的创建过程。
然而，在一些特殊的场景中，如相同业务的虚拟机，希望落在不通的compute节点上，为虚拟机分配原有的ip地址，此时通过nova内置的调度是难以实现的，或者在一些应用场景，基于企业的CMDB联动，让相同业务的虚拟机，散落在openstack nova中的不同节点，从而减小down机的几率，减少故障的发生。本文以在指定的compute节点创建instance，并为其分配一个固定的ip地址为例。
2. 获取创建instance的基本信息
获取镜像p_w_picpath id
[root@controller ~]# glance p_w_picpath-list +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------+------------------+-------------+--------+ | ID | Name | Disk Format | Container Format | Size | Status | +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------+------------------+-------------+--------+ | 37aaedc7-6fe6-4fc8-b110-408d166b8e51 | cirrors | qcow2 | bare | 13200896 | active | #需要创建instance的p_w_picpath id | ff0f7d03-a553-4357-a819-c74e913d649f | win2k8 | qcow2 | bare | 3391881216 | active | +--------------------------------------+--------------------------+-------------+------------------+-------------+--------+
2. 获取套餐flavor id
[root@controller ~]# nova flavor-list +--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | ID | Name | Memory_MB | Disk | Ephemeral | Swap | VCPUs | RXTX_Factor | Is_Public | +--------------------------------------+------------------+-----------+------+-----------+------+-------+-------------+-----------+ | 1 | m1.large | 8192 | 100 | 10 | | 4 | 1.0 | True | | 10 | V.GF1 | 8192 | 10 | 0 | | 4 | 1.0 | True | #需要创建的flavor id
3. 获取安全组id
[root@controller ~]# nova secgroup-list +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+ | Id | Name | Description | +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+ | 663468d9-73b1-4b04-8d4c-dac1bf21a94d | default | default | #secgroup的id号码 +--------------------------------------+---------+-------------+
4. 获取keypair
[root@controller ~]# nova keypair-list +------+-------------------------------------------------+ | Name | Fingerprint | +------+-------------------------------------------------+ | KEY | 15:63:f2:de:74:53:a1:03:eb:36:27:e6:d9:00:41:22 | #keypair的名字 +------+-------------------------------------------------+
5. 获取neutron网络id号码
[root@controller ~]# neutron net-list +--------------------------------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ | id | name | subnets | +--------------------------------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------+ | 99c68a93-336a-4605-aa78-343d41ca1206 | vmTest | 79cb82a1-eac1-4311-8e6d-badcabd22e44 192.168.100.0/24 | #需要启动的网络id号 +--------------------------------------+---------------+-------------------------------------------------------+
6. 获取coompute的主机名和zone名称
[root@controller ~]# nova service-list +------------------+-------------------------+-------------------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+ | Binary | Host | Zone | Status | State | Updated_at | Disabled Reason | +------------------+-------------------------+-------------------+---------+-------+----------------------------+-----------------+ | nova-conductor | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_8 | internal | enabled | up | 2016-01-23T04:54:58.000000 | - | | nova-cert | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_8 | internal | enabled | up | 2016-01-23T04:54:52.000000 | - | | nova-consoleauth | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_8 | internal | enabled | up | 2016-01-23T04:54:57.000000 | - | | nova-scheduler | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_8 | internal | enabled | up | 2016-01-23T04:54:57.000000 | - | | nova-compute | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_11 | ChuangYiYuanZone1 | enabled | up | 2016-01-23T04:54:56.000000 | - | #需要启动的compute节点 | nova-compute | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_14 | ChuangYiYuanZone1 | enabled | up | 2016-01-23T04:54:56.000000 | - |
3. 在指定的compute节点启动虚拟机，并指定固定ip地址
[root@controller ~]# nova boot --flavor 10 \ #flavor名字
--p_w_picpath 37aaedc7-6fe6-4fc8-b110-408d166b8e51 \ #镜像id
--key-name KEY \ #KEY名字
--availability-zone ChuangYiYuanZone1:ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_11 \ #在制定的区域和主机名启动instance
--security-groups 663468d9-73b1-4b04-8d4c-dac1bf21a94d \ #安全组
--nic net-id=99c68a93-336a-4605-aa78-343d41ca1206,v4-fixed-ip=192.168.100.200 happyblog_blog_51cto_com #指定网络和IP地址
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | nova |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | - |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-000001f9 |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 0 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | scheduling |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | building |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | - |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| adminPass | 4T3vpfaXPTZe |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2016-01-23T04:44:51Z |
| flavor | V.GF1 (10) |
| hostId | |
| id | 3f694eaf-aa87-456a-99ce-90dd9f4e45ee |
| p_w_picpath | cirrors (37aaedc7-6fe6-4fc8-b110-408d166b8e51) |
| key_name | KEY |
| metadata | {} |
| name | happyblog_blog_51cto_com |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | 663468d9-73b1-4b04-8d4c-dac1bf21a94d |
| status | BUILD |
| tenant_id | 842ab3268a2c47e6a4b0d8774de805ae |
| updated | 2016-01-23T04:44:52Z |
| user_id | bc5e46fc4204497185ae3ca6f8b7affb |
+--------------------------------------+------------------------------------------------+
校验配置情况
[root@controller ~]# nova list | grep 3f694eaf-aa87-456a-99ce-90dd9f4e45ee
| 3f694eaf-aa87-456a-99ce-90dd9f4e45ee | happyblog_blog_51cto_com | ACTIVE | - | Running | vmTest=192.168.100.200 | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_11 |
[root@controller ~]# nova show 3f694eaf-aa87-456a-99ce-90dd9f4e45ee
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| Property | Value |
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
| OS-DCF:diskConfig | MANUAL |
| OS-EXT-AZ:availability_zone | ChuangYiYuanZone1 |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:host | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_11 | #指定的compute节点
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:hypervisor_hostname | ChuangYiYuan_10_16_2_11 |
| OS-EXT-SRV-ATTR:instance_name | instance-000001f9 |
| OS-EXT-STS:power_state | 1 |
| OS-EXT-STS:task_state | - |
| OS-EXT-STS:vm_state | active |
| OS-SRV-USG:launched_at | 2016-01-23T04:45:06.000000 |
| OS-SRV-USG:terminated_at | - |
| accessIPv4 | |
| accessIPv6 | |
| config_drive | |
| created | 2016-01-23T04:44:51Z |
| flavor | V.GF1 (10) |
| hostId | b3a37b586ae2847a0b18c58ff7693b41762fa0bf6a3cc363c862761a |
| id | 3f694eaf-aa87-456a-99ce-90dd9f4e45ee |
| p_w_picpath | cirrors (37aaedc7-6fe6-4fc8-b110-408d166b8e51) |
| key_name | KEY |
| metadata | {} |
| name | happyblog_blog_51cto_com |
| os-extended-volumes:volumes_attached | [] |
| progress | 0 |
| security_groups | default |
| status | ACTIVE |
| tenant_id | 842ab3268a2c47e6a4b0d8774de805ae |
| updated | 2016-01-23T04:45:07Z |
| user_id | bc5e46fc4204497185ae3ca6f8b7affb |
| vmTest network | 192.168.100.200 | #指定的ip地址，good，完成
+--------------------------------------+----------------------------------------------------------+
4. 总结
以上方法用于openstack的日常运维中，一般而言，不建议使用，建议使用nova内置的调度算法来完成。本人在实际的工作中，经常有指定compute机器和指定ip的需求。
5. 附录
附录提供了nova boot用法相关的参数
[root@controller ~]# nova help boot
usage: nova boot [--flavor <flavor>] [--p_w_picpath <p_w_picpath>]
[--p_w_picpath-with <key=value>] [--boot-volume <volume_id>]
[--snapshot <snapshot_id>] [--num-instances <number>]
[--meta <key=value>] [--file <dst-path=src-path>]
[--key-name <key-name>] [--user-data <user-data>]
[--availability-zone <availability-zone>]
[--security-groups <security-groups>]
[--block-device-mapping <dev-name=mapping>]
[--block-device key1=value1[,key2=value2...]]
[--swap <swap_size>]
[--ephemeral size=<size>[,format=<format>]]
[--hint <key=value>]
[--nic <net-id=net-uuid,v4-fixed-ip=ip-addr,port-id=port-uuid>]
[--config-drive <value>] [--poll]
<name>
Boot a new server.
Positional arguments:
<name> Name for the new server
Optional arguments:
--flavor <flavor> Name or ID of flavor (see 'nova flavor-list').
--p_w_picpath <p_w_picpath> Name or ID of p_w_picpath (see 'nova p_w_picpath-list').
--p_w_picpath-with <key=value>
Image metadata property (see 'nova p_w_picpath-show').
--boot-volume <volume_id>
Volume ID to boot from.
--snapshot <snapshot_id>
Snapshot ID to boot from (will create a volume).
--num-instances <number>
boot multiple servers at a time (limited by quota).
--meta <key=value> Record arbitrary key/value metadata to /meta.js on the
new server. Can be specified multiple times.
--file <dst-path=src-path>
Store arbitrary files from <src-path> locally to <dst-
path> on the new server. You may store up to 5 files.
--key-name <key-name>
Key name of keypair that should be created earlier
with the command keypair-add
--user-data <user-data>
user data file to pass to be exposed by the metadata
server.
--availability-zone <availability-zone>
The availability zone for server placement.
--security-groups <security-groups>
Comma separated list of security group names.
--block-device-mapping <dev-name=mapping>
Block device mapping in the format <dev-
name>=<id>:<type>:<size(GB)>:<delete-on-terminate>.
--block-device key1=value1[,key2=value2...]
Block device mapping with the keys: id=p_w_picpath_id,
snapshot_id or volume_id, source=source type (p_w_picpath,
snapshot, volume or blank), dest=destination type of
the block device (volume or local), bus=device's bus,
device=name of the device (e.g. vda, xda, ...),
size=size of the block device in GB, format=device
will be formatted (e.g. swap, ext3, ntfs, ...),
bootindex=integer used for ordering the boot disks,
type=device type (e.g. disk, cdrom, ...) and
shutdown=shutdown behaviour (either preserve or
remove).
--swap <swap_size> Create and attach a local swap block device of
<swap_size> MB.
--ephemeral size=<size>[,format=<format>]
Create and attach a local ephemeral block device of
<size> GB and format it to <format>.
--hint <key=value> Send arbitrary key/value pairs to the scheduler for
custom use.
--nic <net-id=net-uuid,v4-fixed-ip=ip-addr,port-id=port-uuid>
Create a NIC on the server. Specify option multiple
times to create multiple NICs. net-id: attach NIC to
network with this UUID (required if no port-id), v4
-fixed-ip: IPv4 fixed address for NIC (optional),
port-id: attach NIC to port with this UUID (required
if no net-id)
--config-drive <value>
Enable config drive
--poll Blocks while server builds so progress can be
reported.
转载于:https://blog.51cto.com/happylab/1737842
openstack运维实战系列(十)之nova指定compute节点和IP地址相关推荐
- openstack运维实战系列(一)之keystone用户建立
1. 前言 在生产环境中,使用openstack已经有1年多的时间了,苦于一直没有时间,加上工作带来的懒惰,一直迟迟没有对openstack方面的知识做个总结,趁着年底,把过去一年多在生产环境中所遇到 ...
- openstack运维实战系列(十七)之glance与ceph结合
1. 需求说明 glance作为openstack中p_w_picpath服务,支持多种适配器,支持将p_w_picpath存放到本地文件系统,http服务器,ceph分布式文件系统,glusterf ...
- Hadoop运维记录系列(十二)
从公司离职有几天了,今天回去看同事,想一起吃饭,没成想摊上大事了.说下午hadoop集群的机房停电了,然后集群就启动不了了,几个人从下午4点多折腾到8点多还没搞定,有几台服务器找不到硬盘,还有内网pi ...
- Hadoop运维记录系列(十四)
周末去了趟外地,受托给某省移动公司(经确认更正,是中国移动位置基地,不是省公司)做了一下Hadoop集群故障分析和性能调优,把一些问题点记录下来. 该系统用于运营商的信令数据,大约每天1T多数据量,2 ...
- Hadoop运维记录系列(十六)
应了一个国内某电信运营商集群恢复的事,集群故障很严重,做了HA的集群Namenode挂掉了.具体过程不详,但是从受害者的只言片语中大概回顾一下历史的片段. Active的namenode元数据硬盘满了 ...
- Hadoop运维记录系列(十)
昨天同事遇到一个hadoop故障,找了半天没看出问题,问到我这里,花了一会解决了一下,估计这是我给暴风的集群解决的最后的故障了,以后就不定给谁解决问题去了. 只截下来了Namenode的报错Log,D ...
- MySQL运维实战系列：MySQL5.7 Group By 问题
一.环境 MySQL版本:MySQL5.7.22表结构:CREATE TABLE `crm_report_accounting_income` (`id` int(10) NOT NULL AUTO_ ...
- 大数据运维实战第十九课 Kafka 应用场景、集群容量规划、架构设计应用案例
Kafka 基础与入门 1. Kafka 基本概念 Kafka 官方的定义:是一种高吞吐量的分布式发布/订阅消息系统.这样说起来可能不太好理解,这里简单举个例子:现在是个大数据时代,各种商业.社交.搜 ...
- OpenStack 运维 - 部署Nova组件 [T版]
OpenStack 运维 - 部署Nova组件 一.创建Nova数据库并执行授权操作 二.管理Nova用户及服务 ① 创建Nova用户 ② 创建Nova服务 ③ Nova关联endpoint端点 ④ ...
最新文章
- 机器学习特征筛选：方差选择法VarianceThreshold
- 实现 ASP.NET 网站地图提供者
- python入门新手项目-Python入门实战项目有哪些适合新手？
- 实时计算 Flink性能调优
- 佛门重地，不适合搞这种事！！
- 北大博士的论文发表经验：快写、细改、慢投
- mysql一共有多少引擎_MySQL存储引擎你们知道多少？
- Lua1.0 代码分析 opcode.c
- 史上最全正则表达式语法，文末附常用表达式！
- 逻辑回归算法实战之信用卡欺诈检测
- 京东商城禁止一淘网蜘蛛抓取内容
- 专题：手把手学习硬件基础------10、常用器件
- SiTime硅晶振MEMS谐振子制作工艺详解
- 十句话，不黄不色，但很经典~~~~~~~~~~
- 云计算 基础服务 iscsi 实现
- 用有数据的单元格内容向下填充空白单元格
- 初学者：java练习题———含答案-------类与对象（2）
- 照片怎样变漫画图片？建议收藏这些方法
- Qt错误 error: C2228: “.exec”的左边必须有类/结构/联合 的解决方法
- eclipse按Ctrl键卡死的问题。已解决！