咱们选择主主互热备作生产环境MYSQL高可用方案，该方案的优势是在压力大的时候，仍然能够经过设置负载均衡来作业务分发。并且最重要的是配置简单，两份配置都同样，改个IP就能够

就喜欢简单的东西。mysql

目前考虑负债均衡分发可能有同步过程当中引发数据不一致的问题，咱们使用主主机制作数据即时同步，用KeepAliveD作数据库监控及故障自动切换。redis

实现：sql

1.数据库主从设置：mongodb

MYSQL安装完成后，mysql的配置修改成：shell

写道

[mysqld]

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

max_connection=1000

log-bin=mysql-bin

server-id=2

//这块两台服务器须要设置成不一样

binlog-do-db=CU

binlog-do-db=FAE

binlog-do-db=HA

//它是用于主从同步时，给master用的配置参数。来讲明须要复制那些库给从库。由于有时主从不是要把所有的DB都复制给从库。

binlog-ignore-db=mysql

//安全起见，不管如何不从主同步系统DB

replicate-do-db=CU

replicate-do-db=FAE

replicate-do-db=HA

//从主读取的库

replicate-ignore-db=mysql

//安全起见，不管如何不从主同步系统DB

log-slave-updates

#slave-skip-errors=all

#auto_increment_increment=2

#auto_increment_offset=2

//不是用负载均衡模式，用的是主主模式，因此这块不须要设置

[mysql.server]

user=mysql

basedir=/usr/local/mysql

[client]

socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock

配置好以后，在两台机器上分别给从创建帐号，登陆两台Mysql，执行如下语句：

数据库

写道

CHANGE MASTER TO

MASTER_HOST='192.***.***.***',

MASTER_USER='repl_user',

MASTER_PASSWORD='hj3****’；

注意的一点就是，使用sqlyog，必定要使用12.09以上的版本，否者主从同步会出现脏数据，由于sqlyog的老版本在修改数据库的时候，某些时候不会产生binlog，致使这些修改数据不会同步。安全

2.故障检测和主从切换。bash

咱们使用keepalived和shell脚本搞定。服务器

原理：两台数据库服务器上同时部署Keepalived。Keepalived全部节点会互相通讯，互报平安。一旦抢到主的机器的Keepalived没有心跳了，从机器的Keepalived会把主的IP抢过来。Keepalived会按期调用shell脚本检测本机mysql是否可用。一旦本机mysq不可用，Keepalived会通知其余机器的Keepalived抢主的IP来实现故障切换。网络

Keepalived的配置：

写道

! Configuration File for keepalived

#Keepalived组的名称，各个组之间互相不影响

global_defs {

router_id cu_ha_router

}

#检测MYSQL的实例

vrrp_instance mysql {

state BACKUP # 主也配置为SLAVE

interface eth0 #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口

virtual_router_id 101 #VRRP组名，两个节点的设置必须同样，以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组

priority 150 #节点的优先级(1-254之间)，备用节点必须比主节点优先级低

nopreempt # 不抢占，注意加上

advert_int 1 #组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须同样

authentication { #设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致

auth_type PASS

auth_pass xmotor

}

#必定要注意这块子网掩码的计算，写错了可能会影响整台的网络访问

virtual_ipaddress {

172.*.*.201/20

}

track_script {

chk_mysql

}

#咱们使用的是亚马逊云，不能使用组播模式(advertisement),因此必须使用单播模式。单播模式须要增长如下配置。咱们作过测试，单播模式支持三台或以上的机器。

unicast_src_ip 172.31.2.1 #localIp

unicast_peer {

172.31.2.124 #Resource-02

#172.31.0.207 #Management

}

#如下四个脚本分别在机器变成主、从、失败、宕机的时候执行的脚本，目前咱们只记录一条日志

notify_master "/home/keepalived/scripts/mysql_be_master.sh"

notify_backup "/home/keepalived/scripts/mysql_be_slave.sh"

notify_fault "/home/keepalived/scripts/mysql_fault.sh"

notify_stop "/home/keepalived/scripts/mysql_stop.sh"

}

#检测MYSQL函数

vrrp_script chk_mysql

{

script "/home/keepalived/scripts/mysql_chk.sh eth0 root root"

interval 2

timeout 2

fall 3

}

vrrp_script chk_redis

{

script "/home/keepalived/scripts/redis_check.sh 6391 eth0"

interval 2

timeout 2

fall 3

}

vrrp_script chk_mongo

{

script "/home/keepalived/scripts/mongo_chk.sh eth0"

interval 2

timeout 2

fall 3

}

vrrp_instance redis {

state BACKUP

interface eth0 #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口

virtual_router_id 102 #VRRP组名，两个节点的设置必须同样，以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组

priority 100 #节点的优先级(1-254之间)，备用节点必须比主节点优先级低

advert_int 1 #组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须同样

authentication { #设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致

auth_type PASS

auth_pass xmotor

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.*.*.202/20

}

track_script {

chk_redis

}

unicast_src_ip 172.*.*.1 #localIp

unicast_peer {

172.*.*.124 #Resource-02

#172.*.*.207 #Management

}

notify_master "/home/keepalived/scripts/redis_be_master.sh 6391"

notify_backup "/home/keepalived/scripts/redis_be_slave.sh 172.*.*.* 6391"

notify_fault "/home/keepalived/scripts/redis_fault.sh 6391"

notify_stop "/home/keepalived/scripts/redis_stop.sh 6391"

}

vrrp_instance mongodb {

state BACKUP

interface eth0 #绑定虚拟IP的网络接口

virtual_router_id 103 #VRRP组名，两个节点的设置必须同样，以指明各个节点属于同一VRRP组

priority 100 #节点的优先级(1-254之间)，备用节点必须比主节点优先级低

advert_int 1 #组播信息发送间隔，两个节点设置必须同样

authentication { #设置验证信息，两个节点必须一致

auth_type PASS

auth_pass xmotor

}

unicast_src_ip 172.*.*.1 #localIp

unicast_peer {

172.*.*.124 #Resource-02

#172.*.*.207 #Management

}

virtual_ipaddress {

172.*.*.203/20

}

track_script {

chk_mongo

}

notify_master "/home/keepalived/scripts/mongo_be_master.sh"

notify_backup "/home/keepalived/scripts/mongo_be_slave.sh"

notify_fault "/home/keepalived/scripts/mongo_fault.sh"

notify_stop "/home/keepalived/scripts/mongo_stop.sh"

}

下面是检测mysql的脚本，可用返回0，不可用返回1。

写道

#!/bin/bash

#define mysql variable

NETBOARD=$1

MYSQL_USER=$2

MYSQL_PWD=$3

LOGFILE="/var/log/keepalived/mysql/mysql-check.log"

# 看3306端口是否开这

mysql_alive=`netstat -nl | awk 'NR>2{if ($4 ~ /.*:3306/) {print "Yes";exit 0}}'`

#记录日志

echo "[CHECK]" >> $LOGFILE

date >> $LOGFILE

# 取出网关的IP地址

gate=`route -n | grep $NETBOARD | grep UG | awk '{print $2}'`

# 查看网关是否通畅

ping -w 1 -c 1 $gate >/dev/null

ret=$?

#连不上网关，记录日志，返回1

if [ $ret != 0 ];then

echo "Network Gate is not connected" >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

exit 1

fi

Slave_IO_Running=""

Slave_SQL_Running=""

# 若是MYSQL端口是通的，登陆mysql，执行mysql语句，检查mysql状态

if [ "$mysql_alive" == "Yes" ];then

Slave_IO_Running=`mysql -u${MYSQL_USER} -p${MYSQL_PWD} -e"show slave status\G" | grep "Slave_IO_Running:" | awk '{print $2}'`

Slave_SQL_Running=`mysql -u${MYSQL_USER} -p${MYSQL_PWD} -e"show slave status\G" | grep "Slave_SQL_Running:" | awk '{print $2}'`

if [ "$Slave_IO_Running" != "" -a "$Slave_SQL_Running" != "" ];then

echo "Success, Slave_IO_Running = $Slave_IO_Running, Slave_SQL_Running = $Slave_SQL_Running" >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

exit 0

else

mysql -u${MYSQL_USER} -p${MYSQL_PWD} -e"show slave status\G"

getSlaveStatusResult=$?

echo "Failed, Reason: $getSlaveStatusResult" >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

exit 1

fi

else

echo "Mysql Down" >> $LOGFILE 2>&1

exit 1

fi