已释甲骨文会意字研究论文

中文摘要

我们在 1100 个已释甲骨文中共找出会意字226 个，占已释甲骨文总字数的

20.5%。通过对226 个甲骨文会意字进行拆分，共拆分出140 个构件，其中成字

构件 118 个，非成字构件22 个。我们对118 个成字构件的构字频度进行分析，

以参构次数11 次为分界点，其中高频构件7 个，低频构件111 个。在7 个高频

构件中有6 个构件是与“人”相关的，这体现出汉字构形的“人本主义”特点。

甲骨文会意字的构件只有表形构件和表义构件，因此甲骨文会意字的构形模式

有三种，即会形合成字、形义合成字和会义合成字。在甲骨文会意字的构件中

表形构件占绝对优势，而真正的表义构件则相对有限。在对甲骨文会意字构件

之间的逻辑关系分析后，我们得出甲骨文会意字大致有 6 种构意模式，即情景

描写式构意模式、动作施受式构意模式、局部彰显式构意模式、修饰限定式构

意模式、同体复合式构意模式和指向式构意模式。

关键词：甲骨文；会意字；构件；构形；构意

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Abstract

Understand the main performance of the word language is necessary, but more

difficult will form, relatively abstract word, make oracle bone inscriptions basically

adapted to the record at the time the need of language. So will form words

configuration structure characteristics of meaning, most can show the characteristics

of the oracle systems of age. So to understand the component and its structure and

form of word meaning of research can help to construct oracle and later was word

was the development and change of the words have a more profound understanding.

In 1100 we release of oracle has been to find 226 characters sly, accounts for

20.5% of the total interpretation of the oracle of words. Through to the 226 oracle

understand word to split, were split out 140 members, among them into words

component 118, not a word component 22. We of 118 into words the structure of

word frequency component analysis for The Times and construct 10 times for the

boundary, high frequency components of the seven, the low frequency component

111. In the seven high frequency component six of component is "people" and related,

it shows the Chinese characters form "humanism" characteristics. In the oracle of

words was only table form component member