扫描微信二维码实现快速登录

一、什么是二维码
二维码又称二维条码，常见的二维码为QR Code，QR全称Quick Response，是一个近几年来移动设备上超流行的一种编码方式，它比传统的Bar Code条形码能存更多的信息，也能表示更多的数据类型。二维条码/二维码（2-dimensional bar code）是用某种特定的几何图形按一定规律在平面（二维方向上）分布的黑白相间的图形记录数据符号信息的；在代码编制上巧妙地利用构成计算机内部逻辑基础的“0”、“1”比特流的概念，使用若干个与二进制相对应的几何形体来表示文字数值信息，通过图象输入设备或光电扫描设备自动识读以实现信息自动处理：它具有条码技术的一些共性：每种码制有其特定的字符集；每个字符占有一定的宽度；具有一定的校验功能等。同时还具有对不同行的信息自动识别功能、及处理图形旋转变化点。

二、二维码生成的几种方式：

在线二维码生成方式（http://www.liantu.com/）
Java生成二维码使用google zxing 框架
前端生成二维码使用jquery-qrcode框架

三、扫描登录及跳转原理：
3.1、使用google zxing 框架生成二维码,在二维码中绑定跳转地址
3.2、使用手机扫一扫扫描二维码跳转至地址
3.3 、如何保证二维码唯一性，及超时处理之后怎么处理。
3.3.1、使用token存储至Redis保证二维码的唯一性，
3.3.2、前端使用ajax定时发送请求，检查该token是否为登陆状态

四、扫描二维码登录代码如下：

1.在pom.xml文件中导入相应的jar包：

<!-- 二维码生成jar -->
<dependency><groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId><artifactId>core</artifactId><version>3.3.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 集成redis -->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redis</artifactId>
</dependency>
<!-- 集成.ftl格式templates模板-->
<dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-freemarker</artifactId>
</dependency>

2.在application.yml写入相应的配置如下：

codersWang:baseImgUrl: http://18236a01n6.51mypc.cn:51927/updateTokenState?token=
server:port: 8080
spring:http:encoding:force: truecharset: UTF-8redis:host: 127.0.0.1port: 6379#    password: 123456freemarker:allow-request-override: falsecache: falsecheck-template-location: truecharset: UTF-8content-type: text/html; charset=utf-8expose-request-attributes: falseexpose-session-attributes: falseexpose-spring-macro-helpers: falsesuffix: .ftltemplate-loader-path: classpath:/templates

3.写二维码生成的工具类：

package com.qrcode.code;import java.awt.BasicStroke;
import java.awt.Graphics;
import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.Image;
import java.awt.Shape;
import java.awt.geom.RoundRectangle2D;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.File;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Hashtable;
import java.util.Random;
import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import com.google.zxing.BarcodeFormat;
import com.google.zxing.BinaryBitmap;
import com.google.zxing.DecodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.EncodeHintType;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatReader;
import com.google.zxing.MultiFormatWriter;
import com.google.zxing.Result;
import com.google.zxing.common.BitMatrix;
import com.google.zxing.common.HybridBinarizer;
import com.google.zxing.qrcode.decoder.ErrorCorrectionLevel;public class QRCodeUtil {private static final String CHARSET = "utf-8";private static final String FORMAT_NAME = "JPG";// 二维码尺寸private static final int QRCODE_SIZE = 300;// LOGO宽度private static final int WIDTH = 60;// LOGO高度private static final int HEIGHT = 60;public static BufferedImage createImage(String content, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();hints.put(EncodeHintType.ERROR_CORRECTION, ErrorCorrectionLevel.H);hints.put(EncodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);hints.put(EncodeHintType.MARGIN, 1);BitMatrix bitMatrix = new MultiFormatWriter().encode(content, BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE, QRCODE_SIZE, QRCODE_SIZE,hints);int width = bitMatrix.getWidth();int height = bitMatrix.getHeight();BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {image.setRGB(x, y, bitMatrix.get(x, y) ? 0xFF000000 : 0xFFFFFFFF);}}if (imgPath == null || "".equals(imgPath)) {return image;}// 插入图片QRCodeUtil.insertImage(image, imgPath, needCompress);return image;}private static void insertImage(BufferedImage source, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {File file = new File(imgPath);if (!file.exists()) {System.err.println("" + imgPath + "   该文件不存在！");return;}Image src = ImageIO.read(new File(imgPath));int width = src.getWidth(null);int height = src.getHeight(null);if (needCompress) { // 压缩LOGOif (width > WIDTH) {width = WIDTH;}if (height > HEIGHT) {height = HEIGHT;}Image image = src.getScaledInstance(width, height, Image.SCALE_SMOOTH);BufferedImage tag = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics g = tag.getGraphics();g.drawImage(image, 0, 0, null); // 绘制缩小后的图g.dispose();src = image;}// 插入LOGOGraphics2D graph = source.createGraphics();int x = (QRCODE_SIZE - width) / 2;int y = (QRCODE_SIZE - height) / 2;graph.drawImage(src, x, y, width, height, null);Shape shape = new RoundRectangle2D.Float(x, y, width, width, 6, 6);graph.setStroke(new BasicStroke(3f));graph.draw(shape);graph.dispose();}public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);mkdirs(destPath);// String file = new Random().nextInt(99999999)+".jpg";// ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath+"/"+file));ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, new File(destPath));}public  BufferedImage encode(String content, String imgPath, boolean needCompress) throws Exception {BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);return image;}public static void mkdirs(String destPath) {File file = new File(destPath);// 当文件夹不存在时，mkdirs会自动创建多层目录，区别于mkdir．(mkdir如果父目录不存在则会抛出异常)if (!file.exists() && !file.isDirectory()) {file.mkdirs();}}public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, String destPath) throws Exception {QRCodeUtil.encode(content, imgPath, destPath, false);}// 被注释的方法/** public static void encode(String content, String destPath, boolean* needCompress) throws Exception { QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath,* needCompress); }*/public static void encode(String content, String destPath) throws Exception {QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, destPath, false);}public static void encode(String content, String imgPath, OutputStream output, boolean needCompress)throws Exception {BufferedImage image = QRCodeUtil.createImage(content, imgPath, needCompress);ImageIO.write(image, FORMAT_NAME, output);}public static void encode(String content, OutputStream output) throws Exception {QRCodeUtil.encode(content, null, output, false);}public static String decode(File file) throws Exception {BufferedImage image;image = ImageIO.read(file);if (image == null) {return null;}BufferedImageLuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));Result result;Hashtable hints = new Hashtable();hints.put(DecodeHintType.CHARACTER_SET, CHARSET);result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);String resultStr = result.getText();return resultStr;}public static String decode(String path) throws Exception {return QRCodeUtil.decode(new File(path));}}

package com.qrcode.code;import java.awt.Graphics2D;
import java.awt.geom.AffineTransform;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import com.google.zxing.LuminanceSource;public class BufferedImageLuminanceSource extends LuminanceSource {private final BufferedImage image;private final int left;private final int top;public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image) {this(image, 0, 0, image.getWidth(), image.getHeight());}public BufferedImageLuminanceSource(BufferedImage image, int left, int top, int width, int height) {super(width, height);int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();if (left + width > sourceWidth || top + height > sourceHeight) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("Crop rectangle does not fit within image data.");}for (int y = top; y < top + height; y++) {for (int x = left; x < left + width; x++) {if ((image.getRGB(x, y) & 0xFF000000) == 0) {image.setRGB(x, y, 0xFFFFFFFF); // = white}}}this.image = new BufferedImage(sourceWidth, sourceHeight, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);this.image.getGraphics().drawImage(image, 0, 0, null);this.left = left;this.top = top;}public byte[] getRow(int y, byte[] row) {if (y < 0 || y >= getHeight()) {throw new IllegalArgumentException("Requested row is outside the image: " + y);}int width = getWidth();if (row == null || row.length < width) {row = new byte[width];}image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top + y, width, 1, row);return row;}public byte[] getMatrix() {int width = getWidth();int height = getHeight();int area = width * height;byte[] matrix = new byte[area];image.getRaster().getDataElements(left, top, width, height, matrix);return matrix;}public boolean isCropSupported() {return true;}public LuminanceSource crop(int left, int top, int width, int height) {return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image, this.left + left, this.top + top, width, height);}public boolean isRotateSupported() {return true;}public LuminanceSource rotateCounterClockwise() {int sourceWidth = image.getWidth();int sourceHeight = image.getHeight();AffineTransform transform = new AffineTransform(0.0, -1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, sourceWidth);BufferedImage rotatedImage = new BufferedImage(sourceHeight, sourceWidth, BufferedImage.TYPE_BYTE_GRAY);Graphics2D g = rotatedImage.createGraphics();g.drawImage(image, transform, null);g.dispose();int width = getWidth();return new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(rotatedImage, top, sourceWidth - (left + width), getHeight(), width);}}

4.Redis工具类：

package com.qrcode.token;import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.data.redis.core.StringRedisTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component
public class RedisUtil {@Autowiredprivate StringRedisTemplate stringRedisTemplate;// 如果key存在的话返回fasle 不存在的话返回truepublic Boolean setNx(String key, String value, Long timeout) {Boolean setIfAbsent = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().setIfAbsent(key, value);if (timeout != null) {stringRedisTemplate.expire(key, timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);}return setIfAbsent;}public StringRedisTemplate getStringRedisTemplate() {return stringRedisTemplate;}public void setList(String key, List<String> listToken) {stringRedisTemplate.opsForList().leftPushAll(key, listToken);}/*** 存放string类型* * @param key*            key* @param data*            数据* @param timeout*            超时间*/public void setString(String key, String data, Long timeout) {try {stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().set(key, data);if (timeout != null) {stringRedisTemplate.expire(key, timeout, TimeUnit.SECONDS);}} catch (Exception e) {}}/*** 开启Redis 事务* * @param*/public void begin() {// 开启Redis 事务权限stringRedisTemplate.setEnableTransactionSupport(true);// 开启事务stringRedisTemplate.multi();}/*** 提交事务* * @param*/public void exec() {// 成功提交事务stringRedisTemplate.exec();}/*** 回滚Redis 事务*/public void discard() {stringRedisTemplate.discard();}/*** 存放string类型* * @param key*            key* @param data*            数据*/public void setString(String key, String data) {setString(key, data, null);}/*** 根据key查询string类型* * @param key* @return*/public String getString(String key) {String value = stringRedisTemplate.opsForValue().get(key);return value;}/*** 根据对应的key删除key* * @param key*/public Boolean delKey(String key) {return stringRedisTemplate.delete(key);}
}

package com.qrcode.token;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.UUID;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;@Component
public class GenerateToken {@Autowiredprivate RedisUtil redisUtil;/*** 生成令牌** @param keyPrefix*            令牌key前缀* @param redisValue*            redis存放的值* @return 返回token*/public String createToken(String keyPrefix, String redisValue) {return createToken(keyPrefix, redisValue, null);}/*** 生成令牌** @param keyPrefix*            令牌key前缀* @param redisValue*            redis存放的值* @param time*            有效期* @return 返回token*/public String createToken(String keyPrefix, String redisValue, Long time) {if (StringUtils.isEmpty(redisValue)) {new Exception("redisValue Not nul");}String token = keyPrefix + UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");redisUtil.setString(token, redisValue, time);return token;}public void createListToken(String keyPrefix, String redisKey, Long tokenQuantity) {List<String> listToken = getListToken(keyPrefix, tokenQuantity);redisUtil.setList(redisKey, listToken);}public List<String> getListToken(String keyPrefix, Long tokenQuantity) {List<String> listToken = new ArrayList<>();for (int i = 0; i < tokenQuantity; i++) {String token = keyPrefix + UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");listToken.add(token);}return listToken;}public String getListKeyToken(String key) {String value = redisUtil.getStringRedisTemplate().opsForList().leftPop(key);return value;}/*** 根据token获取redis中的value值** @param token* @return*/public String getToken(String token) {if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {return null;}String value = redisUtil.getString(token);return value;}/*** 移除token** @param token* @return*/public Boolean removeToken(String token) {if (StringUtils.isEmpty(token)) {return null;}return redisUtil.delKey(token);}}

5.返回前端的controller层

package com.qrcode.controller;import com.qrcode.code.QRCodeUtil;
import com.qrcode.token.RedisUtil;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.UUID;/*** @author EDZ* @date 2019/5/28*/
@Controller
public class LoginController {@Autowiredprivate RedisUtil redisUtil;@Value("${codersWang.baseImgUrl}")private String baseImgUr;@RequestMapping("/qc")public String index(HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception {//获取tokenString token = getToken();request.setAttribute("token", token);return "index";
}@RequestMapping("/success")public String success() {return "success";}@RequestMapping("/updateTokenState")public String updateTokenState(String token) {String redisToken = redisUtil.getString(token);if (StringUtils.isEmpty(redisToken) || redisToken.equals("1")) {return "failure";}// 将该token的状态改为1redisUtil.setString(token, "1");return "success";}@RequestMapping("/failure")public String failure() {return "failure";}//生成token，生成二维码private String getToken() throws Exception {// 1.使用UUID生成token替换掉 "-"String token = UUID.randomUUID().toString().replace("-", "");// 2. 存放在redis中 0 表示没有被扫过，1表示已经扫过redisUtil.setString(token, "0",20000L);// 3.1存放在二维码中的内容// 3.2嵌入二维码的图片路径String imgPath = "G:/aa.jpg";// 3.3生成的二维码的路径及名称String destPath = "G:/aa" + token + ".jpg";// 4.生成二维码QRCodeUtil.encode(baseImgUr + token, imgPath, destPath, true);// 5.解析二维码QRCodeUtil.decode(destPath);return token;}
}

6.访问接口生成二维码返回前端访问地址：http://localhost:8080/qc

7.扫描以上二维码会跳转登录成功页如下：

8.前端的相应页面代码如下：
index.ftl页面：

<h1>扫一下该二维码，实现扫码登陆</h1><img src="getImg?token=${token}">
<script src="http://code.jquery.com/jquery-latest.js"></script>
<script>function checkToken() {$.ajax({url: "checkToken?token=${token}",dataType: "json",type: "get",async: "false",success: function (data) {if (data == true) {window.location.href = '/success';}} ,error: function () {}});}setInterval(checkToken, 2000);//定时请求Redis中的状态是否改变</script>

success.ftl页面：

<h1>六一儿童节快乐</h1>

failure.ftl页面：

<h1>Token已过期!</h1>.

9.注意以上代码是在本地调试微信和本地不在一个网段所以需要用到内网渗透本人用的是花生壳将本地端口映射到花生壳上即可如下：

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