Windows计划任务开机启动程序

前言

Windows下需要管理员权限的开机程序启动时，如果Windows UAC等级设置的比较高，那么总是会提示是否启动某某程序的对话框，这对于用户来说体验非常不好，但是通过计划任务来设置程序以管理员身份启动就可以完全避免。

下面是C++和C#的实现代码，直接拿来用即可。

C++代码

此代码是参考MSDN的里面，稍微进行了一点修改。MSDN例子

#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
#define _WIN32_DCOM
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <comdef.h>
//  Include the task header file.
#include <taskschd.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "taskschd.lib")
#pragma comment(lib, "comsupp.lib")
using namespace std;
//是否存在指定名字的计划任务
bool IsExistScheduler(wchar_t *taskName)
{//  ------------------------------------------------------
//  Initialize COM.HRESULT hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);if (FAILED(hr)){return false;}//  Set general COM security levels.hr = CoInitializeSecurity(NULL,-1,NULL,NULL,RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_PRIVACY,RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,NULL,0,NULL);if (FAILED(hr)){CoUninitialize();return false;}//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Create a name for the task.LPCWSTR wszTaskName = taskName;//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Create an instance of the Task Service. ITaskService *pService = NULL;hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_TaskScheduler,NULL,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_ITaskService,(void**)&pService);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("Failed to create an instance of ITaskService: %x", hr);CoUninitialize();return false;}//  Connect to the task service.hr = pService->Connect(_variant_t(), _variant_t(),_variant_t(), _variant_t());if (FAILED(hr)){printf("ITaskService::Connect failed: %x", hr);pService->Release();CoUninitialize();return false;}//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Get the pointer to the root task folder.  This folder will hold the//  new task that is registered.ITaskFolder *pRootFolder = NULL;hr = pService->GetFolder(_bstr_t(L"\\"), &pRootFolder);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("Cannot get Root Folder pointer: %x", hr);pService->Release();CoUninitialize();return false;}//查看计划任务是否存在IRegisteredTask *ttt;auto ret=pRootFolder->GetTask(_bstr_t(wszTaskName),&ttt);if (ret != S_OK){pRootFolder->Release();pService->Release();CoUninitialize();return false;}ttt->Release();pRootFolder->Release();pService->Release();CoUninitialize();return true;
}
//创建用户登录启动软件的任务
//taskName 任务名字
//executablePath 可执行文件路径
//creater 创建者
HRESULT LogonStartScheduler(wchar_t *taskName,wchar_t*executablePath,wchar_t *creater=NULL)
{//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Initialize COM.HRESULT hr = CoInitializeEx(NULL, COINIT_MULTITHREADED);if (FAILED(hr)){return hr;}//  Set general COM security levels.hr = CoInitializeSecurity(NULL,-1,NULL,NULL,RPC_C_AUTHN_LEVEL_PKT_PRIVACY,RPC_C_IMP_LEVEL_IMPERSONATE,NULL,0,NULL);if (FAILED(hr)){CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Create a name for the task.LPCWSTR wszTaskName = taskName;//  Get the windows directory and set the path to notepad.exe.wstring wstrExecutablePath = executablePath;//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Create an instance of the Task Service. ITaskService *pService = NULL;hr = CoCreateInstance(CLSID_TaskScheduler,NULL,CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_ITaskService,(void**)&pService);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("Failed to create an instance of ITaskService: %x", hr);CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  Connect to the task service.hr = pService->Connect(_variant_t(), _variant_t(),_variant_t(), _variant_t());if (FAILED(hr)){printf("ITaskService::Connect failed: %x", hr);pService->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Get the pointer to the root task folder.  This folder will hold the//  new task that is registered.ITaskFolder *pRootFolder = NULL;hr = pService->GetFolder(_bstr_t(L"\\"), &pRootFolder);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("Cannot get Root Folder pointer: %x", hr);pService->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//查看计划任务是否存在//IRegisteredTask *ttt;//auto ret=pRootFolder->GetTask(_bstr_t(L"OnebotStartScheduler"),&ttt);//if (ret == S_OK)//{//   ttt->Release();//    pRootFolder->Release();//    pService->Release();//   CoUninitialize();// return 1;//}//  If the same task exists, remove it.pRootFolder->DeleteTask(_bstr_t(wszTaskName), 0);//  Create the task builder object to create the task.ITaskDefinition *pTask = NULL;hr = pService->NewTask(0, &pTask);pService->Release();  // COM clean up.  Pointer is no longer used.if (FAILED(hr)){printf("Failed to create a task definition: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Get the registration info for setting the identification.IRegistrationInfo *pRegInfo = NULL;hr = pTask->get_RegistrationInfo(&pRegInfo);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot get identification pointer: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}if (creater != NULL){WCHAR *AuthorName = creater;hr = pRegInfo->put_Author(AuthorName);if (FAILED(hr)){pRegInfo->Release();printf("\nCannot put identification info: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}}pRegInfo->Release();//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Create the settings for the taskITaskSettings *pSettings = NULL;hr = pTask->get_Settings(&pSettings);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot get settings pointer: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  Set setting values for the task. hr= pSettings->put_StartWhenAvailable(VARIANT_TRUE);if (FAILED(hr)){pSettings->Release();printf("\nCannot put setting info: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return 1;}hr = pSettings->put_DisallowStartIfOnBatteries(VARIANT_FALSE);pSettings->Release();if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot put setting info: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Get the trigger collection to insert the logon trigger.ITriggerCollection *pTriggerCollection = NULL;hr = pTask->get_Triggers(&pTriggerCollection);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot get trigger collection: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  Add the logon trigger to the task.ITrigger *pTrigger = NULL;hr = pTriggerCollection->Create(TASK_TRIGGER_LOGON, &pTrigger);pTriggerCollection->Release();if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot create the trigger: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}ILogonTrigger *pLogonTrigger = NULL;hr = pTrigger->QueryInterface(IID_ILogonTrigger, (void**)&pLogonTrigger);pTrigger->Release();if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nQueryInterface call failed for ILogonTrigger: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}hr = pLogonTrigger->put_Id(_bstr_t(L"Trigger1"));if (FAILED(hr))printf("\nCannot put the trigger ID: %x", hr);wchar_t computerName[256] = { 0 };wchar_t userName[256] = { 0 };DWORD dwSize = 256;if (!GetComputerNameW(computerName, &dwSize)|| !GetUserNameW(userName, &dwSize)){        pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return S_FALSE;}lstrcatW(computerName, (wchar_t*)L"\\");lstrcatW(computerName, userName);std::wcout << "当前用户名：" << computerName << endl;//  Define the user.  The task will execute when the user logs on.//  The specified user must be a user on this computer.  hr = pLogonTrigger->put_UserId(computerName);pLogonTrigger->Release();if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot add user ID to logon trigger: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Add an Action to the task. This task will execute notepad.exe.     IActionCollection *pActionCollection = NULL;//  Get the task action collection pointer.hr = pTask->get_Actions(&pActionCollection);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot get Task collection pointer: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  Create the action, specifying that it is an executable action.IAction *pAction = NULL;hr = pActionCollection->Create(TASK_ACTION_EXEC, &pAction);pActionCollection->Release();if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot create the action: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}IExecAction *pExecAction = NULL;//  QI for the executable task pointer.hr = pAction->QueryInterface(IID_IExecAction, (void**)&pExecAction);pAction->Release();if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nQueryInterface call failed for IExecAction: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  Set the path of the executable to notepad.exe.hr = pExecAction->put_Path(_bstr_t(wstrExecutablePath.c_str()));pExecAction->Release();if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nCannot set path of executable: %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}//  ------------------------------------------------------//  Save the task in the root folder.IRegisteredTask *pRegisteredTask = NULL;hr = pRootFolder->RegisterTaskDefinition(_bstr_t(wszTaskName),pTask,TASK_CREATE_OR_UPDATE,_variant_t(computerName),_variant_t(),TASK_LOGON_INTERACTIVE_TOKEN,_variant_t(L""),&pRegisteredTask);if (FAILED(hr)){printf("\nError saving the Task : %x", hr);pRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return hr;}printf("\n Success! Task successfully registered. ");// Clean uppRootFolder->Release();pTask->Release();pRegisteredTask->Release();CoUninitialize();return 0;}

C#代码

注意需要安装nuget包TaskScheduler

        /// <summary>/// 开机自启/// </summary>/// <param name="taskName">任务名字</param>/// <param name="fileName">可执行文件路径（如果路径存在空格，最好将路径用双引号包起来，"C:\\Program Files (x86)\\123.exe"）</param>/// <param name="description">任务藐视</param>public static void AutoStart(string taskName,string fileName,string description){if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(taskName) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileName)){throw new ArgumentNullException();}string TaskName = taskName;var logonUser = System.Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity.GetCurrent().Name;string taskDescription = description;string deamonFileName = fileName;using (var taskService = new TaskService()){var tasks = taskService.RootFolder.GetTasks(new System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex(TaskName));foreach (var t in tasks){taskService.RootFolder.DeleteTask(t.Name);}var task = taskService.NewTask();task.RegistrationInfo.Description = taskDescription;task.Settings.DisallowStartIfOnBatteries = false;//当使用电源时，也运行此计划任务task.Triggers.Add(new LogonTrigger { UserId = logonUser });task.Principal.RunLevel = TaskRunLevel.Highest;task.Actions.Add(new ExecAction(deamonFileName));taskService.RootFolder.RegisterTaskDefinition(TaskName, task);}}

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Windows计划任务开机启动程序

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