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首先在vm上安装centos

1、首先查看挂载光盘的位置：#df -h

[root@lang ~]# df -h

Filesystem                   Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/mapper/vg_lang-lv_root   45G  6.5G   37G  16% /

tmpfs                        932M   76K  932M   1% /dev/shm

/dev/sda1                    485M   39M  421M   9% /boot

/dev/sr0                     4.2G  4.2G     0 100% /media/CentOS_6.5_Final

2、创建文件夹 #mkdir /mnt/cdrom

3、将光盘挂载在/mnt/cdrom

# mount -t iso9660 -o ro /dev/sr0 /mnt/cdrom/

[root@lang ~]# ll /mnt/cdrom/

total 682

-r--r--r--. 2 root root     14 Nov 29  2013 CentOS_BuildTag

dr-xr-xr-x. 3 root root   2048 Nov 29  2013 EFI

-r--r--r--. 2 root root    212 Nov 28  2013 EULA

-r--r--r--. 2 root root  18009 Nov 28  2013 GPL

dr-xr-xr-x. 3 root root   2048 Nov 29  2013 images

dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root   2048 Nov 29  2013 isolinux

dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root 655360 Nov 29  2013 Packages

-r--r--r--. 2 root root   1354 Nov 28  2013 RELEASE-NOTES-en-US.html

dr-xr-xr-x. 2 root root   4096 Nov 29  2013 repodata

-r--r--r--. 2 root root   1706 Nov 28  2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

-r--r--r--. 2 root root   1730 Nov 28  2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Debug-6

-r--r--r--. 2 root root   1730 Nov 28  2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Security-6

-r--r--r--. 2 root root   1734 Nov 28  2013 RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-Testing-6

-r--r--r--. 1 root root   3380 Nov 29  2013 TRANS.TBL

备注：卸载 umount /mnt/cdrom

4、进入到目录：/etc/yum.repos.d/

[root@lang yum.repos.d]# ll

total 16

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1926 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Base.repo

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  638 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  563 Dec  6 04:55 CentOS-Media.repo

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3664 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Vault.repo

更改后缀名：

[root@lang yum.repos.d]# rename .repo .repo.bak *

[root@lang yum.repos.d]# ll

total 16

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1926 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Base.repo.bak

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  638 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo.bak

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  563 Dec  6 04:55 CentOS-Media.repo.bak

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3664 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Vault.repo.bak

[root@lang yum.repos.d]# mv CentOS-Media.repo.bak CentOS-Media.repo

[root@lang yum.repos.d]# ll

total 16

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 1926 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Base.repo.bak

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  638 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Debuginfo.repo.bak

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root  563 Dec  6 04:55 CentOS-Media.repo

-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3664 Nov 27  2013 CentOS-Vault.repo.bak

编辑CentOS-Media.repo 改一下两个红色标记的地方

[c6-media]

name=CentOS-$releasever - Media

baseurl=file:///mnt/cdrom

gpgcheck=1

enabled=1

gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

5、yum基础操作

[root@lang ~]# yum clean all

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

Cleaning repos: c6-media

Cleaning up Everything

Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors

[root@lang ~]# yum repolist

Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, refresh-packagekit, security

Determining fastest mirrors

c6-media                                                                                                                                                                                  | 4.0 kB     00:00 ...

c6-media/primary_db                                                                                                                                                                       | 4.4 MB     00:00 ...

repo id                                                                                          repo name                                                                                                 status

c6-media                                                                                         CentOS-6 - Media                                                                                          6,367

repolist: 6,367

6、可以使用yum安装gcc、httpd等基础软件。

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来源： https://www.cnblogs.com/langgj/p/10105864.html